‭A‬

‭Major Project Report‬

‭On‬
‭PAIN-VR : VIRTUAL REALITY FOR PAIN RELIEF‬

‭ ubmitted in partial fulfillment of the‬

S
‭Requirements for the award of the degree of‬
‭BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY‬

‭In‬

‭Computer Science and Engineering‬

‭Artificial Intelligence & Machine Learning‬

‭Submitted By‬
‭M. Koushik Rao 21R21A6631‬
‭B. Sai Chaitanya 21R21A6606‬
‭R.Shiva Kumar 21R21A6647‬
‭M. Ritika Bala 21R21A6632‬

‭Under the Guidance of‬

‭Mrs G.Sowmya‬
‭Assistant Professor‬

‭Department of Computer Science and Engineering-Artificial Intelligence &‬

‭Machine Learning‬

‭(Affiliated to Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University)‬

‭2021-2025‬
 ‭Department of Computer Science and Engineering-Artificial Intelligence‬
‭& Machine Learning‬
‭CERTIFICATE‬

‭This‬ ‭is‬ ‭to‬ ‭certify‬ ‭that‬ ‭the‬ ‭project‬ ‭report‬ ‭titled‬ ‭PAIN-VR‬ ‭:‬ ‭VIRTUAL‬
‭REALITY‬ ‭FOR‬ ‭PAIN‬ ‭RELIEF‬ ‭is‬ ‭being‬ ‭submitted‬ ‭by‬ ‭M.‬ ‭Koushik‬ ‭Rao‬ ‭bearing‬
‭roll‬ ‭no.‬ ‭21R21A6631,‬ ‭B.‬ ‭Sai‬ ‭Chaitanya‬ ‭bearing‬ ‭roll‬ ‭no.‬ ‭21R21A6606,‬ ‭R.‬ ‭Shiva‬
‭Kumar‬ ‭bearing‬ ‭roll‬ ‭no.‬ ‭21R21A6647‬ ‭and‬ ‭M.‬ ‭Ritika‬ ‭Bala‬ ‭bearing‬ ‭roll‬ ‭no.‬
‭21R21A6632,‬ ‭In‬ ‭we‬ ‭B.Tech‬ ‭IV‬ ‭II‬ ‭semester‬ ‭Computer‬ ‭Science‬ ‭and‬
‭Engineering-Artificial‬ ‭Intelligence‬ ‭&‬ ‭Machine‬ ‭Learning‬ ‭is‬ ‭a‬ ‭record‬‭bonafide‬‭work‬
‭carried‬‭out‬‭by‬‭them.‬‭The‬‭results‬‭embodied‬‭in‬‭this‬‭report‬‭have‬‭not‬‭been‬‭submitted‬‭to‬
‭any other University for the award of any degree.‬

‭Internal Guide Project-Coordinator HOD‬

‭CSE-AIML‬ ‭External Examiner‬

‭i‬
‭Department of Computer Science and Engineering-Artificial Intelligence &‬
‭Machine Learning‬
‭DECLARATION‬

‭We‬ ‭hereby‬ ‭declare‬ ‭that‬ ‭the‬ ‭project‬ ‭entitled‬ ‭PAIN-VR‬ ‭:‬ ‭VIRTUAL‬
‭REALITY‬ ‭FOR‬ ‭PAIN‬ ‭RELIEF‬ ‭is‬ ‭the‬‭work‬‭done‬‭during‬‭the‬‭period‬‭from‬‭August‬
‭2024‬‭to‬‭May‬‭2025‬‭and‬‭is‬‭submitted‬‭in‬‭partial‬‭fulfillment‬‭of‬‭the‬‭requirements‬‭for‬‭the‬
‭award‬ ‭of‬ ‭degree‬ ‭of‬ ‭Bachelor‬ ‭of‬ ‭Technology‬ ‭in‬ ‭Computer‬ ‭Science‬ ‭and‬
‭Engineering-Artificial‬ ‭Intelligence‬ ‭&‬ ‭Machine‬ ‭Learning‬ ‭from‬ ‭Jawaharlal‬ ‭Nehru‬
‭Technology‬ ‭University,‬ ‭Hyderabad.‬ ‭The‬ ‭results‬ ‭embodied‬ ‭in‬ ‭this‬ ‭project‬ ‭have‬ ‭not‬
‭been‬‭submitted‬‭to‬‭any‬‭other‬‭university‬‭or‬‭Institution‬‭for‬‭the‬‭award‬‭of‬‭any‬‭degree‬‭or‬
‭diploma.‬

‭ .Koushik Rao
M 21R21A6631‬
‭B.Sai Chaitanya 21R21A6606‬
‭R.Shiva Kumar 21R21A6647‬
‭M.Ritika Bala 21R21A6632‬

‭ii‬
‭Department of Computer Science and Engineering-Artificial Intelligence &‬
‭Machine Learning‬

‭ACKNOWLEDGEMENT‬

‭The‬ ‭satisfaction‬ ‭and‬ ‭euphoria‬ ‭that‬ ‭accompany‬‭the‬‭successful‬‭completion‬‭of‬

‭any‬‭task‬‭would‬‭be‬‭incomplete‬‭without‬‭the‬‭mention‬‭of‬‭people‬‭who‬‭made‬‭it‬‭possible,‬
‭whose‬‭constant‬‭guidance‬‭and‬‭encouragement‬‭crowned‬‭our‬‭efforts‬‭with‬‭success.‬‭It‬‭is‬
‭a‬ ‭pleasant‬ ‭aspect‬ ‭that‬ ‭we‬ ‭now‬ ‭have‬ ‭the‬‭opportunity‬‭to‬‭express‬‭our‬‭gratitude‬‭to‬‭the‬
‭Department‬ ‭of‬ ‭Computer‬ ‭Science‬ ‭and‬ ‭Engineering-Artificial‬ ‭Intelligence‬ ‭&‬
‭Machine Learning.‬

‭First‬‭of‬‭all,‬‭we‬‭would‬‭like‬‭to‬‭express‬‭our‬‭deep‬‭gratitude‬‭towards‬‭our‬‭internal‬
‭guide‬ ‭Mrs.‬ ‭G.Sowmya,‬ ‭Assistant‬‭Professor,‬‭Department‬‭of‬‭Computer‬‭Science‬‭and‬
‭Engineering-Artificial‬ ‭Intelligence‬ ‭&‬ ‭Machine‬ ‭Learning‬ ‭for‬ ‭her‬ ‭support‬ ‭in‬ ‭the‬
‭completion‬‭of‬‭our‬‭dissertation.‬‭We‬‭wish‬‭to‬‭express‬‭our‬‭sincere‬‭thanks‬‭to‬‭Dr.‬‭K.‬‭Sai‬
‭Prasad,‬ ‭HOD,‬ ‭Department‬ ‭of‬ ‭Computer‬ ‭Science‬ ‭and‬ ‭Engineering-Artificial‬
‭Intelligence‬ ‭&‬ ‭Machine‬ ‭Learning‬ ‭for‬ ‭providing‬ ‭the‬ ‭facilities‬ ‭to‬ ‭complete‬ ‭the‬
‭dissertation.‬

‭We‬‭would‬‭like‬‭to‬‭thank‬‭all‬‭our‬‭Management,‬‭Principal,‬‭Project‬‭Coordinator,‬
‭faculty‬ ‭and‬ ‭friends‬ ‭for‬ ‭their‬ ‭help‬ ‭and‬ ‭constructive‬ ‭criticism‬ ‭during‬ ‭the‬ ‭project‬
‭period.‬ ‭Finally,‬ ‭we‬ ‭are‬ ‭very‬ ‭much‬ ‭indebted‬ ‭to‬ ‭our‬ ‭parents‬ ‭for‬ ‭their‬ ‭moral‬‭support‬
‭and encouragement to achieve goals.‬

‭M.Koushik Rao 21R21A6631‬

‭ .Sai Chaitanya
B 21R21A6606‬
‭R.Shiva Kumar 21R21A6647‬
‭M.Ritika Bala 21R21A6632‬

‭iii‬
‭Department of Computer Science and Engineering-Artificial Intelligence &‬
‭Machine Learning‬

‭ABSTRACT‬

‭Pain‬‭VR‬‭is‬‭a‬‭virtual‬‭reality‬‭project‬‭developed‬‭for‬‭pain‬‭relief‬‭for‬‭patients‬‭who‬‭have‬‭to‬
‭go‬ ‭through‬ ‭certain‬ ‭medical‬ ‭treatments.‬ ‭The‬ ‭system‬ ‭is‬ ‭designed‬ ‭to‬ ‭be‬ ‭immersive,‬
‭age-specific‬‭for‬‭catering‬‭to‬‭the‬‭needs‬‭of‬‭the‬‭various‬‭age‬‭groups‬‭of‬‭patients,‬‭which‬‭are‬
‭channeled‬ ‭into‬ ‭three‬ ‭categories:‬ ‭children‬ ‭aged‬ ‭2-16,‬ ‭adults‬ ‭aged‬ ‭17-50,‬ ‭and‬ ‭older‬
‭adults‬‭above‬‭50.‬‭Those‬‭specific‬‭groups‬‭receive‬‭tailored‬‭content,‬‭including‬‭interactive‬
‭games‬ ‭with‬ ‭AI-driven‬ ‭cartoon‬ ‭characters‬ ‭for‬ ‭kids,‬ ‭AI‬ ‭therapist-guided‬‭interactions‬
‭for‬ ‭adults,‬ ‭and‬ ‭spiritual‬ ‭guidance‬ ‭through‬ ‭revered‬‭figures‬‭and‬‭holy‬‭books‬‭for‬‭older‬
‭adults.‬ ‭Apart‬ ‭from‬ ‭the‬ ‭core‬ ‭experience‬ ‭in‬ ‭VR,‬ ‭all‬ ‭users‬ ‭get‬ ‭the‬ ‭presence‬ ‭of‬ ‭an‬‭AI‬
‭therapist,‬ ‭which‬‭fosters‬‭personalized‬‭emotional‬‭and‬‭psychological‬‭support‬‭for‬‭each.‬
‭The‬ ‭project‬ ‭uses‬ ‭multi-sensory‬ ‭engagement‬ ‭and‬ ‭real-time‬ ‭feedback‬ ‭to‬ ‭provide‬ ‭an‬
‭all-encompassing‬ ‭therapeutic‬ ‭experience‬ ‭aimed‬ ‭at‬ ‭alleviating‬ ‭physical‬ ‭discomfort‬
‭and‬ ‭emotional‬ ‭pain.‬ ‭Pain‬ ‭VR‬ ‭is‬ ‭a‬ ‭non-pharmacological‬ ‭alternative‬ ‭for‬ ‭traditional‬
‭pain management by using advanced VR technology and AI.‬

‭iv‬
 ‭APPENDIX-1‬
‭LIST OF FIGURES‬
 ‭LIST OF FIGURES‬

‭Fig No‬ ‭Description of Figure‬ ‭Page‬

‭No‬

‭Fig 3.4.1‬ ‭Content Diagram of the project‬ ‭13‬

‭Fig 3.5.1‬ ‭Flow chart representing the workflow of the‬ ‭15‬

‭VR pain management system.‬

‭Fig 3.5.2‬ ‭ I interaction flow diagram illustrating the‬

A ‭16‬
‭personalized interaction and monitoring process.‬

‭Fig 4.3.1‬ ‭ I interaction data flow diagram illustrating the‬

A ‭19‬
‭personalized interaction and monitoring process.‬

‭Fig 4.4.1‬ ‭Use Case diagram illustrating the personalized‬ ‭20‬

‭interaction and monitoring process.‬

‭Fig 4.4.2‬ ‭Class diagram illustrating the personalized‬ ‭21‬

‭interaction and monitoring process.‬

‭Fig 4.4.3‬ ‭Sequence diagram illustrating the personalized‬ ‭22‬

‭interaction and monitoring process.‬

‭Fig 4.4.4‬ ‭Activity diagram illustrating the personalized‬ ‭22‬

‭interaction and monitoring process.‬

‭Fig 4.4.5‬ ‭Component diagram illustrating the personalized‬ ‭23‬

‭interaction and monitoring process.‬

‭Fig 4.4.6‬ ‭Deployment diagram illustrating the personalized‬ ‭24‬

‭interaction and the monitoring process.‬

‭Fig 4.5.1‬ ‭Module diagram illustrating the working of Pain VR.‬ ‭27‬

‭Fig 5.1.1‬ ‭Flow of Pain VR: AI-Powered Virtual Pain Management‬ ‭29‬
‭System.‬
‭Fig 5.1.2‬ ‭Flow of AI NPC Interactions in Pain VR.‬ ‭30‬

‭Fig 5.2.1‬ ‭Real-Time Monitoring of User Responses and‬ ‭33‬

‭Adaptive Interactions in Pain VR.‬

‭Fig 5.3.1‬ ‭Comprehensive Character Interactions: Initial‬ ‭36‬

‭Assessment and Personalized Interactive Sessions‬
‭in Pain VR.‬

‭Fig 6.1.1‬ ‭Dora character selection menu.‬ ‭52‬

‭Fig 6.1.2‬ ‭Sadhguru character selection menu‬‭.‬ ‭52‬

‭Fig 6.1.3‬ ‭Sara character selection menu.‬ ‭53‬

‭Fig 6.1.4‬ ‭Dora Character Assigned to Its Scene with Demi Dragon‬ ‭53‬
‭in Pain VR.‬

‭Fig 6.1.5‬ ‭Immersive and Playful Virtual Environment‬ ‭54‬

‭Designed for Children in Pain VR.‬

‭Fig 6.1.6‬ ‭Sara Character Assigned to Her Scene in a‬ ‭54‬

‭Therapeutic‬

‭Fig 6.1.7‬ ‭Calm and Therapeutic Virtual Environment Designed for‬ ‭55‬
‭Sara in Pain VR.‬

‭Fig 6.1.8‬ ‭A Calming and Interactive Healing Space in Pain VR.‬ ‭55‬

‭Fig 6.1.9‬ ‭Sadhguru Character Assigned to His Scene in a‬ ‭56‬

‭Spiritual Environment in Pain VR.‬

‭ ig‬
F ‭Grand Entrance to the Spiritual Temple in Pain VR.‬ ‭56‬
‭6.1.10‬

‭Fig‬ ‭Divine Hanuman Idol in the Spiritual Realm of Pain VR‬ ‭57‬
‭6.1.11‬
 ‭Fig‬ ‭Sacred and Tranquil Temple Setting in Pain VR.‬ ‭57‬
‭6.1.12‬

‭Fig 6.2.1‬ ‭Emotional Well-Being Ratings of Npc characters.‬ ‭59‬

‭Fig 6.2.2‬ ‭Average Engagement Time Across Age Groups‬‭.‬ ‭60‬

‭Fig 6.2.3‬ ‭Pain Reduction Across Age Groups and Pain‬ ‭60‬
‭Types‬

‭v‬
 ‭APPENDIX-2‬
‭LIST OF TABLES‬
 ‭LIST OF TABLES‬

‭Table No‬ ‭Description of Table‬ ‭Page‬

‭No‬

‭Table 2.4.1‬ ‭Comparison table between the existing systems and‬ ‭7‬
‭the proposed system.‬

‭Table 2.5.1‬ ‭Work Evaluation Table to keep a track of the system’s‬ ‭8‬
‭progress.‬

‭vi‬
 ‭APPENDIX-3‬
‭LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS‬
 ‭ABBREVIATIONS‬

‭VR‬ ‭Virtual Reality‬

‭AI‬ ‭Artificial Intelligence‬

‭NPC‬ ‭Non-Playable Character‬

‭UI‬ ‭User Interface‬

‭API‬ ‭Application Programming Interface‬

‭ML‬ ‭Machine Learning‬

‭SDK‬ ‭Software Development Kit‬

‭vii‬
 ‭APPENDIX-4‬

‭REFERENCES‬
 ‭REFERENCES‬
‭References‬

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‭Chronic Pain Treatment.‬

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‭[6]‬ ‭Viderman,‬ ‭D.,‬ ‭Tapinova,‬ ‭K.,‬ ‭Dossov,‬ ‭M.,‬ ‭Seitenov,‬ ‭S.,‬ ‭Abdildin,‬ ‭Y.‬ ‭(2023).‬
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‭[18]‬ ‭Miller,‬ ‭T.,‬ ‭Garcia,‬ ‭L.,‬ ‭O’Reilly,‬ ‭H.,‬ ‭et‬ ‭al.‬ ‭(2021).‬ ‭Evaluating‬ ‭the‬ ‭Long-Term‬
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‭Chronic Pain Management: A Machine Learning Approach.‬

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‭[21]‬‭Wilson,‬‭R.,‬‭Hart,‬‭J.,‬‭Singh,‬‭M.,‬‭et‬‭al.‬‭(2024).‬‭Augmented‬‭vs.‬‭Virtual‬‭Reality:‬‭A‬
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‭[22]‬‭Cooper,‬‭A.,‬‭Zhang,‬‭R.,‬‭Choi,‬‭W.,‬‭et‬‭al.‬‭(2023).‬‭The‬‭Intersection‬‭of‬‭AI‬‭and‬‭VR‬
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‭[23]‬ ‭Carter,‬ ‭L.,‬ ‭Green,‬ ‭B.,‬ ‭Patel,‬ ‭V.,‬ ‭et‬ ‭al.‬ ‭(2024).‬ ‭Future‬ ‭Directions‬ ‭in‬ ‭Virtual‬
‭Reality for Pain Rehabilitation.‬

‭viii‬