THE 2007–2008 KENNESAW STATE UNIVERSITY

HIGH SCHOOL MATHEMATICS COMPETITION

PART I – MULTIPLE CHOICE
For each of the following 25 questions, carefully blacken the appropriate box on the answer sheet with
a #2 pencil. Do not fold, bend, or write stray marks on either side of the answer sheet. Each correct
answer is worth 6 points. Two points are given if no box, or more than one box, is marked. Zero points
are given for an incorrect answer. Note that wild guessing is apt to lower your score. When the exam
is over, give your answer sheet to your proctor. You may keep your copy of the questions.

NO CALCULATORS
90 MINUTES
Number Theory: Finding Multiples
1. How many three digit positive integers are there such that the sum of the digits is a
multiple of 7, the first two digits add to 12, and the number contains a repeated digit?

(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3 (E) 4

Algebra: Means
2. Which of these numbers is the average (mean) of the other four?

(A) 27 (B) 36 (C) 25 (D) 29 (E) 28

Algebra: Substitution
a  2b a  3b
3. If  3 , what is the value of ?
a  2b a  3b

(A) 7 (B) 6 (C) 4 (D) 2 (E) None of these

Geometry: Pythagorean Theorem

4. The sum of the lengths of three of the four sides of a rectangle is 2007. The sum
of the length of the fourth side and the length of a diagonal of the rectangle is also
2007. What is the ratio of the length of the longer side to the length of the shorter
side of this rectangle.

(A) 2 :1 (B) 3 :1 (C) 2:1 (D) 3:1 (E) 4:1

Algebra: Setting Up Equations

5. A fish had a tail as long as its head plus a quarter the length of its
body. Its body was three-fourths of its total length. If its head was
4 centimeters long, what was the entire length of the fish? Head Body Tail

(A) 100 cm (B) 120 cm (C) 128 cm (D) 132 cm (E) 136 cm

Continued on back
Algebra: Logarithms
1 2 3 4 99
6. What is the value of log  log  log  log  ...  log ?
2 3 4 5 100

(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) -1 (E) -2

Combinatorics: Establishing Probabilities
7. Two people take turns rolling a die. What is the probability that the second
person will roll a 1 before the first person rolls a 6?

1 5 7 13 6
(A) (B) (C) (D) (E)
2 11 12 36 11
Algebra: Setting Up Equations
8. There are 35 sets of twins at the “Twins-R-Us” Day Care center. Among these
children, there is a total of 38 boys and there are four more sets of girl-girl twins
than girl-boy sets of twins. How many boy-boy sets of twins are there?

(A) 8 (B) 10 (C) 12 (D) 15 (E) 19

Geometry: Unions and Intersections
9. A, B, and C are three sets. AC = {1,2,3,4,5,6}, BC = {1,2,3,4} AC =  ,
AB = {3}, and BC = {1,2}. Find B.

(A) {1,2} (B) {1,3} (C) {1,2,3} (D) {1,2,4} (E) {1,2,3,4}

Geometry: Diagonals & Pythagorean Theorem

3
10. To the nearest tenth, what is the area of the square shown? 4
5
(A) 40.0 (B) 42.5 (C) 45.0 (D) 47.5 (E) 49.0

Algebra: Arithmetic Sequences

11. Suppose a 1 , a 2 , a 3 ,..., a k form an arithmetic sequence. If a 5  a 8  a 11  10 , and
a 7  a 10  a 13  12 , and a k  11, compute k.

(A) 17 (B) 19 (C) 23 (D) 29 (E) 31

Combinatorics: Counting Cases

12. Consider the set of integers {1000, 1001, 1002, …1998, 1999, 2000}. There are
times when a pair of consecutive integers in this set can be added without
“carrying”. For example 1213 + 1214 requires no carrying, while 1217 + 1218 does
require carrying. For how many pairs of consecutive integers in the set is no
carrying required when the two numbers are added? (Note: 1213 + 1214 and
1214 + 1213 should not be considered different pairs.)

(A) 156 (B) 162 (C) 169 (D) 175 (E) 196

Continued on next page

 Algebra: Factoring
13. If x and n are positive integers such that x 2  615  2 2n , what is the value of x + n?

(A) 61 (B) 63 (C) 65 (D) 67 (E) 69

Geometry: Pythagorean Theorem

14. Let d represent the length of the diagonal of a cube. Which of the following
represents the surface area of the cube?

3 2
(A) d 2 2 (B) d 2 3 (C) d (D) 2d 2 (E) 3d 2
2
Algebra: Substitution & Quadratic Formula
1 1 2
15. Find the sum of all values of x which satisfy: 2  2  2 .
x  38x  29 x  38x  45 x  38x 69

(A) 29 (B) 38 (C) 45 (D) 69 (E) None of these

Number Theory: Factoring
16. The number 2007 has N factors (including itself and 1). Compute the number of
two-digit positive integers which have exactly N factors.

(A) 13 (B) 14 (C) 15 (D) 16 (E) 17

Geometry: Coordinate Geometry
17. Rectangle ABCD is placed on a coordinate plane so that the coordinates of A, B,
and C, respectively, are (1, 5), (7, 9), and (9, 6). A line through the origin divides
the rectangle into two regions with equal areas. What is the slope of this line?

7 11 15
(A) (B) (C) (D) 1 (E) 2
4 10 16
Algebra: Rates
18. John travels from point P to point Q in 8 minutes. Mary travels from Q to P along
the same route. They start at the same time and each travels at a constant rate. If
Mary reaches point P 18 minutes after they meet, how many minutes did the
entire trip take Mary?

1 1
(A) 20 (B) 22 (C) 24 (D) 25 (E) 26
2 4
Algebra: Vieta's Formula & Perfect Squares
19. Compute the number of positive integers a for which there exists an integer b,
0  b  2007, such that both x 2  ax  b and x 2  ax  b  1 have integer
solutions.

(A) 40 (B) 41 (C) 42 (D) 43 (E) 44

Continued on back
 Geometry: Law of Cosines

20. Two concentric circles are shown. The radius of the inner circle
is 3, and the distance between the circles is 3. A line segment of
length 4 has its endpoints on both circles. Compute the distance 3
from point A to point B . 4
A 3
(A) 7 (B) 14 (C) 15 (D) 19 (E) 5 B

Geometry??
21. Below are four different views of the same toy alphabet block. Which of the
following should appear on the blank (where the ? is).

?
(A) (B) (C) (D) (E)
Algebra: Polynomial

22. Let P(x) = x 4  ax 3  bx 2  cx  d . If P(1) = 10, P(2) = 20, and P(3) = 30,
compute the value of P(10) + P(-6).

(A) 4896 (B) 5240 (C) 6064 (D) 7816 (E) 8104
Algebra: Setting Up System of Equations
23. Of the animals entered in a dog show, the number of poodles is at least one-fifth
of the number of beagles and at most one-sixth the number of collies. The number
of dogs which are poodles or beagles is at least 23. What is the minimum number
of collies entered in this show?

(A) 20 (B) 22 (C) 24 (D) 26 (E) 28

Algebra: System of Equations

24. It is possible to place positive integers into the twenty-one *
vacant squares of the 5x5 square shown at the right, so that
the numbers in each row and each column form arithmetic 74
sequences. What number must occupy the square marked 186
by the asterisk (* ).
103
(A) 118 (B) 126 (C) 134 (D) 142 (E) 150
0
Geometry: Trig & Graphs
25. One vertex of an equilateral triangle lies on the point with coordinates (1, 4).
The other two vertices lie on the line whose equation is y = 3x – 4, at the points
(x1, y1) and (x2, y2). Compute the sum y1 + y2.

(A) 7 (B) 7.5 (C) 8 (D) 8.5 (E) None of these

END OF CONTEST
 THE 2007–2008 KENNESAW STATE UNIVERSITY
HIGH SCHOOL MATHEMATICS COMPETITION

Part I – Solutions:
1. E Let a, b, and c be the digits. The sum of the digits must be 14 or 21. Thus
a + b + c = 14 or a + b + c = 21. Since a + b = 12, c = 2 or c = 9. If c = 2, then a
and b must both be 6. If c = 9, then a and b could both be six, or one could be 9
and the other 3. Hence the possibilities are 662, 669, 939, 399, for a total of four.

2. D Although the problem can be done by trial and error using the choices, note that if
one of the numbers is the mean of the other four, it is the mean of all 5.
27  36  25  29  28
 29.
5

a  2b a  3b 4b  3b 7b
3. A  3  a = 4b. Substituting,    7.
a  2b a  3b 4b  3b b

a
4. B We are given 2b + a = 2007 and a + d = 2007. Subtracting
the second equation from the first, 2b = d. Substituting into b d
b
a 2  b 2  d 2 , we get a 2  b 2  4b 2 , from which we obtain
a 3
a 2  3b 2 and  a
b 1

5. C Let T = the length of the tail, and let B = length of the body. Then
B 3 B
T=4+ and B = [B + 4 + (4 + )]. Solving gives B = 96, T = 28 and the
4 4 4
entire length of the fish is 96 + 28 + 4 = 128 centimeters.

6. E Using the properties of logarithms, the given expression becomes

log 1 – log 2 + log 2 – log 3 + log 3 – log 4 + log 4 – … + log 99 – log 100 = –2.

7. B Let the probability that the first person rolls a 6 first be x. If, on her first role, she gets
a 6, the second player can’t get a 1 first. If she doesn’t get a 6, the second player has
a probability of x that he’ll get a 1 first. Therefore, the second player’s probability of
5 5
getting a 1 first is x . Since one or the other of these must happen, x  x = 1. Hence
6 6
6
x = and the probability the second person will roll a 1 before the first person rolls a
11
5 5
6 is x = .
6 11

8. D If we have x girl-boy sets, x+4 girl-girl sets, then we have 35-(x + x +4) = 31 – 2x boy-
boy sets. Therefore, we have a total of x + 2(31 – 2x) = 38 boys. Solving, we obtain
x = 8. Hence, there are 31-16 = 15 boy-boy sets.
 9. C Since BC = {1,2,3,4} and BC = {1,2}, there are only four possible combinations
for B and C.
(i) B = {1,2,3,4}, C = {1,2}
(ii) B = {1,2}, C = {1,2,3,4}
(iii) B = {1,2,3}, C = {1,2,4}
(iv) B = {1,2,4}, C = {1,2,3}
Since AB = {3} and AC =   B contains 3 and C does not. Therefore,
we can eliminate (ii) and (iv) as possibilities.
Suppose possibility (i) was correct. Since AC = {1,2,3,4,5,6}, then A = {3,4,5,6}
However, this would make AB = {3,4}, which contradicts the given information.

No such contradictions arise from possibility (iii) above and B = {1,2,3}.

10. A Draw the diagonal indicated. The two triangles formed are
3 4–x
3 5 3
similar (AA). Therefore,  and x = . Using the
x 4 x 2 x 5
Pythagorean Theorem to find the length of the hypotenuse of
3 5 5 5
each right triangle ( and ) and adding we find the
2 2
1 2
length of the diagonal of the square is 4 5 . Thus, the area of the square is d = 40.
2

10
11 E a5 + a8 + a11 = 3(a8) = 10, and a8 = . Similarly, a7 + a10 + a13 = 3(a10) = 12, and
3
12 11
a10 =  4 . Since a9 is the average of a8 and a10, a9 = , so that the common
3 3
11 10 1 11 1
difference d =   . Also, a1 = a9 – 8d =  8  1.
3 3 3 3 3
1
Therefore, ak = a1 + (k-1)d  11 = 1 + (k-1) and k = 31.
3

12. A The following list shows sequences of consecutive integers that contain at least one
pair of consecutive integers that can be added without carrying and the number of
pairs in that sequence that can be added without carrying.

Sequence Number of pairs Sequence Number of pairs

1099-1150 31
1000-1005 5
1199-1250 31
1009-1015 6
1299-1350 31
1019-1025 6
1399-1450 31
1029-1035 6
1499-1500 1
1039-1045 6
1999-2000 1
1049-1050 1
Total 126
Total 30
Grand Total: 156



13. C We can write 615 = 2 2n  x 2  (2 n ) 2  x 2  (2 n  x)(2 n  x) . Thus we have a
factorization of 615 into integers. The possible factorizations of 615 are
1  615, 3  205, 5  123, 15  41. But the sum of factors is 2 n  x  2 n  x  2 n 1 .
Only the pair of factors 5, 123 add to a power of 2. Thus, 2 n 1  128  2 7 , so that
n = 6. Then x = 59 and the desired sum is 65.

d
14. D d 2  f 2  e 2  e 2  e 2  e 2  3e 2 . So e = .
3 f e
d d
Since surface area equals 6e , surface area = 6( )2  2d 2 .
2
3 e
e

1 1 2
15. B Let A = x2 – 38x. Then the given equation, 2
 2
 2
,
x  38 x  29 x  38 x  45 x  38 x  69
1 1 2
becomes   . Multiplying both sides by the product of the three
A  29 A  45 A  69
denominators gives
A2 – 114A + 3105 + A2 – 98A + 2001 = 2A2 – 148A + 2610.
Solving, we obtain A = 39. Thus x2 – 38x = 39 or (x – 39)(x + 1) = 0 and x = 39, -1.
The required sum is 38.

  
16. D Since the prime factorization of 2007 = 32 2231 , it has (2+1)(1+1) = 6 factors.
Only numbers with prime factorizations of the form (A) B 2 , or A 5 will  
also have exactly of six factors. For the first form, (A) B  , the following chart shows
2

the possible combinations for A and B that will give a two-digit number:

A B
2 3, 5, 7
3 2, 5
5 2, 3
7 2, 3
11 2, 3
13 2
17 2
19 2
23 2

For the second form, A 5 , only A = 2 will give a two-digit number.

Thus, there are a total of 16 possible two-digit numbers with six factors.
17. B Any line that divides a rectangle’s area in half passes through the center of the rectangle
(i.e the intersection of the diagonals). Since the diagonals of a rectangle bisect each
 1  9 5  6   11 
other, this point is the midpoint of diagonal AC. It’s coordinates are  ,    5,  .
 2 2   2
11
Thus the slope of the line through this point and (0, 0) is .
10

18. C Let x represent the time it takes John to reach their meeting point, and let r1 and r2
represent John’s and Mary’s rates, respectively. Then the information given, and
the distances may be represented as shown in the diagram.
8r1

xr1 (8 – x)r1
John P  Q

Mary P  Q
18r2 xr2
8r1
18r2 + xr2 = 8r1  r2  . Noting that xr1 = 18r2 we have
18  x
 8r  144r1
xr1 = 18 1   . Dividing this last equation by r1 we obtain
 18  x  18  x
144 2
x  x  18x  144  0 .
18  x
Solving, we obtain x = -24 (not acceptable), and x = 6. Therefore, Mary travels
6 + 18 = 24 minutes, to complete the entire trip.

19. E If these polynomials have integer roots then the discriminants a 2  4b and
a 2  4b - 4 are perfect squares. The only perfect squares that differ by 4 are 0 and
4. Solving for a, a  4b  4  2 b  1 . Thus b+1 is a perfect square, and since
442 = 1936 and 452 = 2025, the allowed solutions for b are {1-1, 4-1, 9-1, ... 442-
1}, which means there are 44 solutions.

20. B Draw radius PA (length 6). Use the Law of Cosines on PAC.
11
62  33  42  2(3)(4) cos(PCA)  cos(PCA)   P
24 3
11
Therefore, cos(BCA) =  cos (PCA)  . Use the Law of Cosines
24 4 3
A C
11
on CAB. AB  3  4  2(3)(4)
2 3 2
 14. Therefore, AB  14 . B
24
21. B Determine the unseen letters and their orientation by examining the second and third
cubes.
From 2nd cube:
broad side of A
From 2nd cube: adjacent to Rotating the
broad side of N extremity of S. cube around E
adjacent to and A until X
extremity of S. is on top gives
From 3rd cube: us the final
broad side of X view:
adjacent to
extremity of H.
Answer is

22. E Let Q(x) = P(x) - 10x. Then Q(1) = P(1) - 10 = 0, Q(2) = P(2) - 20 = 0, and
Q(3) = P(3) - 30 = 0. Therefore, x = 1, 2, and 3 are roots of Q(x) = 0, and
Q(X) = (x-1)(x-2)(x-3)(x-r) = 0.
Hence P(x) = (x-1)(x-2)(x-3)(x-r) + 10x. Now compute P(10) + P(-6)
P(10) + P(-6) = (9)(8)(7)(10-r) + 100 + (-7)(-8)(-9)(-6-r) - 60 = (9)(8)(7)[(10-r) - (-6-r)] + 40
= (9)(8)(7)(16) + 40 = 8104.

23. C Let p, b, and c represent the number of poodles, beagles, and collies, respectively. Then
1 1 1
c  p  b and p  b  23 . Since p  b, 5p  b, and 6p  b  p  23,
6 5 5
23
therefore 6p  23 and p  . But p must be a natural number, so p  4. Since
6
1 1
c  p  4, we have c  4 and c  24. The values c = 24, p = 4, and b = 20
6 6
are consistent with the given information. Therefore, the minimum number of
collies is 24.

24. D Let a and b be the entries in two of the squares as shown and
compute the two neighboring entries in terms of a and b. Then
*
the common difference in the third row is b–2a, and in the fourth 74
row it is 2b–a–74. Therefore, 2a + 4(b–2a ) = 186 and
a + 2(2b–a–74) =103. Solving these two equations gives 2a b 186
a = 13 and b = 66. Then the entries in the third and fourth rows, a 2b–74 103
and then in the fourth column can be completed, so that the *
represents 142. (The completed chart is shown below.) 0

52 82 112 142 172

39 74 109 144 179
26 66 106 146 186
13 58 103 148 193
0 50 100 150 200
25. A Let  be the measure of the angle the given line b (x1 , y1 )  (x1 ,3x1  4)
(1, 4)
makes with the positive x-axis. Since the slope
of the given line is 3, tan = 3. The other two a
sides of the triangle (a and b in the diagram) form (x 2 , y2 )  (x 2 ,3x 2  4)
angles with the positive x-axis whose measures are
+60 and+120 degrees, respectively. Therefore, 
using the slope formula on a, and the formula for
tan(A+B), we obtain y = 3x – 4

3x 2  4  4 tan   tan 60 3 3
(i)  tan(  60)  
x 2 1 1  tan  tan 60 1  3 3

Similarly, working with b, and noting that tan120 =  3 , we obtain

3x 1  4  4 tan   tan120 3 3
(ii)  tan(  120)   .
x1  1 1  tan  tan120 1  3 3

15  3 15  3
Solving (i) we obtain x 2  . Solving (ii) we obtain x 1  .
6 6
Substituting these two values into the equation y= 3x – 4 and adding the two
results, we obtain y1  y 2 = 7.