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numpy

Numpy, developed by Travis Oliphant in 2005, is a fundamental package for numerical computing in Python, providing a powerful n-dimensional array object (ndarray) for fast operations and data exchange. It includes various functions for creating arrays, performing linear algebra, and applying mathematical operations efficiently without the need for loops. Key features include vectorization, slicing, and methods for statistical analysis, making it essential for data manipulation and analysis.

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2 views

numpy

Numpy, developed by Travis Oliphant in 2005, is a fundamental package for numerical computing in Python, providing a powerful n-dimensional array object (ndarray) for fast operations and data exchange. It includes various functions for creating arrays, performing linear algebra, and applying mathematical operations efficiently without the need for loops. Key features include vectorization, slicing, and methods for statistical analysis, making it essential for data manipulation and analysis.

Uploaded by

znrsheraz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Numpy

Lingua franca for data exchange

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Numpy
• Numerical Python
• Developed in 2005 by Travis Oliphant
• Lingua franca for data exchange
• ndarray – a n-dimensional array
• Fast operations on entire arrays
• Reading/writing array data
• Linear algebra operations Travis Oliphant

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nd-array
• A fast, flexible container for large datasets
in Python
• Homogeneous data i.e. all of the elements
must be the same type

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Creating ndarray
• np.array(): convert input data to an
ndarray
• np.zeros(): produces arrays of 0s
• np.ones(): produces arrays of 1s
• np.empty(): create new arrays by
allocating new memory, but do not
populate with any values
• np.arange(): like the built-in range but
returns an ndarray instead of a list
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Examples

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Summary of array creation
functions

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Attributes of numpy array
• shape: a tuple indicating the size of each
dimension
• dtype: an object describing the data type
of the array
• ndim: the number of dimensions of the
array

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shape attribute

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Numpy data types

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Vectorization
• Express batch operations on data without
writing any for loops
• Any arithmetic operations between equal-size
arrays applies the operation element-wise
• Arithmetic operations with scalars propagate
the scalar argument to each element in the
array
• Comparisons between arrays of the same
size yield boolean arrays
• Operations between differently sized arrays is
called broadcasting
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Slicing
• Array slices are views on the original array
• Format
– start: end: step

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Element-wise array functions

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np.where()

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Mathematical and Statistical
Methods
• mean(): returns the mean value computed
over the array
• cumsum(): returns the cumulative sum of
array elements
• cumprod(): returns the cumulative product
of array elements
Methods for boolean arrays
• sum(): counting True values in a boolean
array
• any(): tests whether one or more values in
an array is True
• all(): checks if every value is True
Unique
Linear algebra functions
Reshape

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Converting to 1D array
• flatten()
• ravel()

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concatenate

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Convenience functions
• vstack: stack arrays row-wise (along axis
0)
• hstack: stack arrays column-wise (along
axis 1)

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Splitting an array

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