CCW331 – BUSINESS ANALYTICS LABORATORY

Regulation 2021
Year / Semester : III / VI
 2

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS:
Use MS-Excel and Power-BI to perform the following experiments using a business data set,
and make presentations.
Students may be encouraged to bring their own real-time socially relevant data set. I Cycle –
MS Excel
Explore the features of Ms-Excel.
(i) Get the input from user and perform numerical operations (MAX, MIN, AVG,
SUM, SQRT, ROUND)
ii) Perform data import/export operations for different file formats.
Perform statistical operations - Mean, Median, Mode and Standard deviation,
Variance, Skewness, Kurtosis
Perform Z-test, T-test & ANOVA
Perform data pre-processing operations i) Handling Missing data ii) Normalization
Perform dimensionality reduction operation using PCA, KPCA & SVD
Perform bivariate and multivariate analysis on the dataset.
Apply and explore various plotting functions on the data set.

II Cycle – Power BI Desktop

Explore the features of Power BI Desktop
Prepare & Load data
Develop the data model
Perform DAX calculations
Design a report
Create a dashboard and perform data analysis
Presentation of a case study
COURSE OUTCOMES:
CO1: Explain the real-world business problems and model with analytical solutions.
CO2: Identify the business processes for extracting Business Intelligence
CO3: Apply predictive analytics for business fore-casting
CO4: Apply analytics for supply chain and logistics management
CO5: Use analytics for marketing and sales.

TOTAL :60 PERIODS

EX. EXPERIMENT NAME P
NO A
G
E

N
O
I Cycle-MS Excel
1 Explore the features of MS-EXCEL
a) Numerical operations (MAX, MIN, AVG,
2 SUM, SQRT, ROUND)
b) Perform data import/export operations for
different file formats.
3 Perform statistical operations - Mean,
Median, Mode and Standard deviation,
Variance, Skewness, Kurtosis
a) Perform Z-test
4 b) Perform T-test
c) Perform ANOVA
a) Perform data pre-processing
5 operations - Handling Missing data
b) Perform data pre-processing operations -
Normalization
6 Perform dimensionality reduction operation
using PCA, KPCA & SVD
7 a) Perform bivariate analysis on the dataset
b) Perform multivariate analysis on the
dataset
8 Plotting Functions on The Data Set
II Cycle- Power BI Desktop
9 Explore the features of Power BI Desktop
10 Prepare & Load data
11 Develop the data model
12 Perform DAX calculations
13 Design a report
14 Create a dashboard and perform data analysis
15 Presentation of a case study
 4
EX NO: 1
Explore the features of MS-EXCEL
DATE :

AIM:

To explore the features of MS-EXCEL

Theory Mapping to practical:

CO2: Identify the business processes for extracting Business Intelligence

THEORY:

Microsoft's Excel spreadsheet programme is a part of the Office family of business software
programmes. Users of Microsoft Excel can format, arrange, and compute data in a
spreadsheet.

By organising data using tools like Excel, Data Analysts or other users can make information
easier to examine when data is added or altered. The Microsoft Office and Office 365 suites
include Excel, which works with the other Office programmes. The spreadsheet application
can be used on Windows, macOS, Android, and iOS devices

PROCEDURE:

Step 1: Start Ms Excel application in Ms-office

Step 2: Enter text or a number in a cell
Step 3: Change the width of a column
Step 4: Enter and Edit Formula in Excel
Step 5: Wrap text in a cell
Step 6: Enter and Edit Formula in Excel
Step 7: Perform Auto fill and custom fill in
Excel
Step 8: Save the file in desired location
Step 9: Close the MS Excel application
 5

EX NO: 1 Features of MS-EXCEL

What is Excel? Excel Definition

Microsoft's Excel spreadsheet programme is a part of the Office family of business software
programmes. Users of Microsoft Excel can format, arrange, and compute data in a
spreadsheet.

By organising data using tools like Excel, Data Analysts or other users can make information
easier to examine when data is added or altered. The Microsoft Office and Office 365 suites
include Excel, which works with the other Office programmes. The spreadsheet application
can be used on Windows, macOS, Android, and iOS devices.

Parts of MS-Excel window:

Quick Access Toolbar – Collection of buttons that provide one click access to commonly
used commands such as Save, Undo or Redo. You can also customize this according to your
preference.
Title Bar – A bar the display the name of active workbook
Ribbon – The main set of commands and controls organized task in Tabs and groups, you
can also customize the ribbon according to your preference.
 6

Column Headings – The letters that appear along the top of the worksheet to identify the
different columns in the worksheet.
Worksheet Window – A window that displays an Excel worksheet, basically this is where
you work all the tasks.
Vertical Scroll Bar – Scroll bar to use when you want to scroll vertically through the
Worksheet window.
Horizontal Scroll Bar – Scroll bar to use when you want to scroll horizontally through the
worksheet window.
Zoom Controls – Used for magnifying and shrinking of the active worksheet.
View Shortcuts – Buttons used to change how the worksheet content is displayed. Normal,
Page Layout or Page Break Preview.
Sheet Tabs – Tabs the display the name of the worksheet in the workbook, by default its
name sheet 1, sheet 2, etc. You can rename this to any name the best represent to your sheet.
Sheet Tab Scrolling Buttons – Buttons to scroll the sheet tabs in the workbook
Row Headings – The number that appears on the left of the worksheet window to identify the
Different rows.
Select All Button – A button that selects all the cells in the active worksheet Active Cell –
The cell selected in the active worksheet
Name Box – A box that displays the cell reference of the active cell
Formula Bar – A bar that displays the value or formula entered in the active cell
Office Button/File Tab – It provides access to workbook level features and program settings.
You will notice that in Excel 2007 there is a circle
Features of Ms-Excel
Microsoft excel is an integrated electronic spread sheet program developed by Microsoft
corporation.It includes the following features.
Autocalc: This feature is very useful to sum a group of numbers is selected them. Their sum
will automatically appear in the status area.
Auto complete: Excel now intelligence to anticipate what you are going to type! Based
upon entries you’ve already made, AutoComplete will try to figure out what you intended to
type, once you’ve entered few letters.
Autocorrect: Excel can support automatically correct mistakes.
 7

Better Drag-and-Drop: Do you want to move a group of cells? Excel’s drag and
drop feature lets
you reposition selected portion of your spreadsheet by simply dragging them with your
mouse.
Cell tips and Scroll Tips: To help you get around better with mouse, Excel now includes
scroll tips. When you click and drag a scroll bar, a small window tells you what row or
column you are
heading for.
Number Formatting: It’s easy to format numbers with excel’s new number formatting
feature. Select your numbers and choose cells command from format menu.
Templates and Template wizard: Excel’s template facility has been greatly enhanced. You
can choose from a variety of elegantly designed templates for your home or business. You
can even have a template wizard link your worksheets to a database.
Shared Lists: you can now have worksheets that are shared simultaneously over a network.
Conditional Formatting:Conditional formatting helps users to quickly focus on important
aspects of a spreadsheet or to highlight errors and to identify important patterns in data.
Sorting and Filtering: Excel spreadsheets help us make sense of large amounts of data. To
make it easier to find what you need, you can reorder the data or pick out just the data you
need, based on parameters you set within Excel. Sorting and filtering your data will save you
time and make your spreadsheet more effective.
Excel Charts: Excel charts help you communicate insights & information with ease. By
choosing your charts wisely and formatting them cleanly, you can convey a lot.
ENTERING AND EDITING DATA IN WORKSHEET
You have several options when you want to enter data manually in Excel. You can enter data
in one cell, in several cells at the same time, or on more than one worksheet at the same time.
The data that you enter can be numbers, text, dates, or times. You can format the data in a
variety of ways. And, there are several settings that you can adjust to make data entry easier
for you.
Enter text or a number in a cell
On the worksheet, click a cell.
Type the numbers or text that you want to enter, and then press Enter or Tab. To
enter data on a new line within a cell, enter a line break by pressing Alt+Enter
Editing text or a number in a cell
Double click the cell containing the data you want to edit.
Make any changes to the cell contents.
Press enter key. The change will accept. To cancel your changes, press Ese key.
 8

Change the width of a column

Click the cell for which you want to change the column width.
On the Home tab, in the Cells group, click Format

Under Cell Size, do one of the following:

To fit all text in the cell, click AutoFit Column Width.
To specify a larger column width, click Column Width, and then type the width that you
want in the Column width box.
If there are multiple lines of text in a cell, some of the text might not be displayed the way
that you want. You can display multiple lines of text inside a cell by wrapping the text.
Wrap text in a cell
Click the cell in which you want to wrap the text.
On the Home tab, in the Alignment group, click Wrap Text.

Enter And Edit Formula In Excel

A formula performs calculations or other actions on the data in your worksheet. A formula
always
starts with an equal sign (=), which can be followed by numbers, math operators (like a + or
- sign
 9

for addition or subtraction), and built-in Excel functions, which can really expand the power
of a Formula.

For Example, in the above worksheet, the formula = B5+C5+D+ adds the contents
10+20+30 and
produce the results. One can enter and edit formula in two ways.
Directly into cell by double clicking where the formula wants.
At formula bar after selection of required cell. To edit an existing formula
Click on the cell which contains the formula or
results Click in formula bar make necessary changes. Press enter key or click on check
mark.
Number Formatting in excel
It is very common to enter various types of numbers for various applications. In Excel, you
can use
number formats to change the appearance of numbers, including dates and times, without
changing the number behind the appearance. The number format does not affect the actual
cell value, it changes the appearance only.
Select the cell or cells which contain numbers.
On the home tab, under Number group click on down arrow mark.
Right click your mouse; from the short hand menu select format cell option
It launches Formula cells window. Click on Number tab.
 1

It lists all categories of number formatting like general, number, currency,

accounting, date, time, and percentage.
Select the suitable format and its sub options, click ok button.
The numbers in the selected cells will display as per new format.

Auto fill and custom fill

Autofill is one of the feature present in the ms excel. When you’re typing a day, month, year
and number the automatic series will be appeared by dragging it. This feature is called
Autofill. For Example if your typed “Jan” and then dragged then it displays months form”
Jan to dec” like.
 12

Viva Questions:

What is Microsoft Excel?

Explain Spreadsheet and its Basics.
How many data formats are available in Excel? Name some of them.
Specify the order of operations used for evaluating formulas in Excel.
How can you wrap the text within a cell?

R
e The features of MS-EXCEL explored successfully and displayed desired
s output in neat
u
l
t
:

format.
 1

E Numerical Operations
X (MAX, MIN, AVG, SUM, SQRT,
ROUND)
N
O
:

2
a
D
A
T
E

AIM:
To implement numerical operations using MS-EXCEL.
Theory Mapping to practical:

CO2: Identify the business processes for extracting Business Intelligence

THEORY:

Microsoft's Excel spreadsheet programme is a part of the Office family of business software
programmes. Users of Microsoft Excel can format, arrange, and compute data in a
spreadsheet.

By organising data using tools like Excel, Data Analysts or other users can make information
easier to examine when data is added or altered. The Microsoft Office and Office 365 suites
include Excel, which works with the other Office programmes. The spreadsheet application
can be used on Windows, macOS, Android, and iOS devices

NEED FOR THE EXPT:

MS Excel features help us enter data in tables, analyze data and perform other useful
functions with ease.
It has many features, including, Time Saving Shortcut Keys, Get Quick Sum of Numbers,
Filtering Data, Paste Special features, etc.
Similarly, we can also create pivot tables, and use graphing tools and Visual Basic for
Application (VBA)
MS Excel features’ are categorized into tabs such as Home, Insert, Page Layout, Formulas,
Data, Review, View, and many more.
We can use these features in Windows, macOS, Android, and iOS.
 14
PROCEDURE:

Step 1 : Start Ms Excel application in Ms- office.

Step 2 : Create datasheet for student marks in Ms Excel application.

Step 3 : Calculate the Maximum of the given marks using max function. Step 4 : Calculate
the Minimum of the given marks using MIN function. Step 5: Calculate the average of the
given marks using average function.

Step 6 : Calculate the sum of the given marks using sum function.
Step 7 : Calculate the square root of the given mark using SQRT function. Step 8 :
Calculate the Round of the given mark using Roundup function. Step 9 : Display the
desired output of all numerical operation in neat format. Step 10 : Save the excel file and
Close the Ms Excel application.

Viva Questions:

Explain few useful functions in Excel.

Difference between COUNT, COUNTA, COUNTIF and COUNTBLANK in Ms-
Excel.
What is minimum, maximum, Average function in Excel?

Result:
The numerical operations were implemented using MS-EXCEL successfully and the desired
output was displayed.
 1

E
X Perform data import/export operations
for different file formats
N
O
:

2
b
D
A
T
E

AIM:
To perform data import/export operations for different file formats using MS-EXCEL.

Theory Mapping to practical:

CO1: Explain the real-world business problems and model with analytical solutions

NEED FOR THE EXPT:

Data Importing: This involves transferring external data into your system.
Manual Data Entry: This basic method is time-consuming but vital when dealing
with small datasets.
Automated Data Extraction Tools: These tools can import large quantities of data
quickly and accurately.
Data Transformation: This process converts the imported data into a format
suitable for analysis.
Cleaning Data: It’s essential to remove errors and inconsistencies for accurate
analysis.
Standardizing Data: Homogenizing the formats ensures easy comparison and
interpretation.
Data Exporting: The final stage involves moving the transformed data to another
location for further use or storage.
File Formats: Different types (CSV, JSON, XML) serve different purposes.
Choosing wisely affects performance and compatibility.

PROCEDURE:

Step 1 : Start Ms Excel application in Ms- office.

Step 2 : Create datasheet for student marks in Ms Excel application. Step 3 : Save the
excel file.
Step 4 : Export the file into CSV file using file menu and export option. Step 5: Next ,
import CSV file using data menu and get data option. Step 6 : Display the desired output
in neat format.
Step 7 : Save the excel file and Close the Ms Excel application.
 16

Result:
The data import/export operations for different file formats were preformed successfully
using MS-EXCEL.
 1

E PERFORM STATISTICAL OPERATIONS

X [Mean, Median, Mode and Standard Deviation,
Variance, Skewness, Kurtosis]
N
O
:

3
D
A
T
E

AIM:
To Perform statistical operations using MS-EXCEL.

Theory Mapping to practical:

CO1: Explain the real-world business problems and model with analytical solutions

NEED FOR THE EXPT:

The intended purpose of the spreadsheet application (such as to calculate results, to re-order
results for management reports, etc.)

The formulas that will be included in the spreadsheet application, including logical
formulas used for branching or for calculations.

A description of macros that will be included.

A description of any column or row rearrangements/sorting that will be required to

format a new report from included data.

A description of the report that will be generated.

A statement defining electronic storage requirements for the executed spreadsheet -

application (results).

Where applicable, issues such as data formats and numerical precision, numeric rules
such as rounding or floating points, flagging of limits, boundary conditions, filters, or
outliers.

Performance requirements for the application and program (i.e., calculations or

reports within ‘X’ seconds, applications/program availability, etc.).

Workflow needs such as the source of the data, a statement regarding raw data, and
“who will perform what actions and make what decisions based on what data and
criteria” may be required.

PROCEDURE:

Step 1 : Start Ms Excel application in Ms- office.

Step 2 : Create datasheet for student marks in Ms Excel application.
Step 3 : If you haven't already installed the Analysis ToolPak , Click the
Microsoft Office button, then click on the Excel Options , and then select Add-
 1
Ins , Click Go, check the Analysis ToolPak box, and click Ok
Step 4 : Select Data tab, then click on the Data Analysis option, then selects
Descriptive Statistics from the list and Click Ok. [Data tab >> Data A

nalysis >> Descriptive Statistics]

 18
Step 5: In the Input Range we select the data, and then select Output Range
where you want the output to be stored. If you don’t specify the output range it
will throw output in the new worksheet.
Step 6 : Check Summary Statistics and Confidence Level for Mean options. By
default the confidence level is 95%. You can change the level as per the hypothesis
standard of study.
Step 7 : When you click Ok, you will see the result in the selected output range.
Step 8: Save the excel file and Close the Ms Excel application.

Result:
The statistical operations were performed successfully using MS-EXCEL and the
desired output was displayed in neat format.
 1

E
X Perform Z-test

N
O
:

4
A
D
A
T
E

AIM:
To Perform Z-test operations using MS-EXCEL.

PROCEDURE:

Step 1 : Start Ms Excel application in Ms- office.

Step 2 : Create datasheet for student marks in Ms Excel application.
Step 3 : If you haven't already installed the Analysis ToolPak , Click the
Microsoft Office button, then click on the Excel Options , and then select Add-
Ins , Click Go, check the Analysis ToolPak box, and click Ok
Step 4 : Select Data tab, then click on the Data Analysis option, then selects
Descriptive Statistics from the list and Click Ok. [Data tab >> Data Analysis >>z-
test two sample means]
Step 5: In the Input Range we select range of the data for variable 1 and
variable 2 and Give variable 1 and variable 2 value as 0.5. then select Output Range
where you want the output to be stored. If you don’t specify the output range it
will throw output in the new worksheet.
Step 6 : Then select Output Range where you want the output to be stored. If
you don’t specify the output range it will throw output in the new worksheet.
Step 7 : When you click Ok, you will see the result in the selected output range. Step 8:
Save the excel file and Close the Ms Excel application.

Result:
The Z-test operation was performed successfully using MS-EXCEL and the desired output
was displayed in neat format.
 20

E
X Perform T-test

N
O
:

4
B
D
A
T
E

AIM:
To Perform T-test operations using MS-EXCEL.

PROCEDURE:

Step 1 : Start Ms Excel application in Ms- office.

Step 2 : Create datasheet for student marks in Ms Excel application.
Step 3 : If you haven't already installed the Analysis ToolPak , Click the Microsoft
Office button, then click on the Excel Options , and then select Add-Ins , Click Go,
check the Analysis ToolPak box, and click Ok
Step 4 : Select Data tab, then click on the Data Analysis option, then selects
Descriptive Statistics from the list and Click Ok. [Data tab >> Data Analysis >>
T-test Paired two sample for means]
Step 5: In the Input Range we select range of the data for variable 1 and
variable 2 and Give alpha value as 0.05. then select Output Range where you want
the output to be stored. If you don’t specify the output range it will throw output in
the new worksheet.
Step 6 : Then select Output Range where you want the output to be stored. If you
don’t specify the output range it will throw output in the new worksheet.
Step 7 : When you click Ok, you will see the result in the selected output range. Step 8:
Save the excel file and Close the Ms Excel application

Result:
The T-test operation was performed successfully using MS-EXCEL and the desired output
was displayed in neat format.
 2

E
X Perform ANOVA operations

N
O
:

4
C
D
A
T
E

AIM:
To Perform ANOVA operations using MS-EXCEL.

PROCEDURE:

Step 1 : Start Ms Excel application in Ms- office.

Step 2 : Create datasheet for student marks in Ms Excel application.
Step 3 : If you haven't already installed the Analysis ToolPak , Click the Microsoft
Office button, then click on the Excel Options , and then select Add-Ins , Click Go,
check the Analysis ToolPak box, and click Ok
Step 4 : Select Data tab, then click on the Data Analysis option, then selects
Descriptive Statistics from the list and Click Ok. [Data tab >> Data Analysis >>
Anova : Single factor ]
Step 5: In the Input Range we select range of the data and Give alpha value as
0.05. then select Output Range where you want the output to be stored. If you
don’t specify the output range it will throw output in the new worksheet.
Step 6 : Then select Output Range where you want the output to be stored. If you
don’t specify the output range it will throw output in the new worksheet.
Step 7 : When you click Ok, you will see the result in the selected output range. Step 8:
Save the excel file and Close the Ms Excel application.

Result:
he ANOVA operations was performed successfully using MS-EXCEL and the desired output
was displayed in neat format.
 22

E Perform data pre-processing

X operations -
Handling Missing data
N
O
:
5
A
D
A
T
E

AIM:
To handle the missing data in data pre-processing operations on the dataset using MS-
EXCEL.
PROCEDURE:

Step 1 : Start Ms Excel application in Ms- office.

Step 2 : Create datasheet for student marks in Ms Excel application.
Step 3 : If you haven't already installed the PrimaXL Addin, install it. Click the
PrimaXL tab , choose missing
Step 4 : In the Input Range we select marks of all subjects with missing values and
select the Choice as “filling of the missing data by taking average” or ” filling of
the missing data by random pick”.
Step 5: Then select Output Range where you want the output to be stored. If you don’t
specify the output range it will throw output in the new worksheet.
Step 6 : Then select Output Range where you want the output to be stored. If you
don’t specify the output range it will throw output in the new worksheet.
Step 7 : When you click Ok, you will see the result in the selected output range. Step 8:
Save the excel file and Close the Ms Excel application.

Result:
The missing data on dataset was handled successfully using MS-EXCEL and the
desired output was displayed in neat format.
 2

EX NO: 5A Perform data pre-processing

operations
DATE : - Normalization

AIM:
To normalize in the given dataset using MS-EXCEL.
Normalization (Or Min-Max scaling) data in excel

It is the process of scaling data in such a way that all data points lie in a range of 0 to 1.
Thus, this technique, makes it possible to bring all data points to a common scale. The
mathematical formula for normalization is given as:

where X is the data point, Xmax and Xmin are the maximum and minimum value in the group
of records respectively. The process of normalization is generally used when the distribution
of data does not follow the Gaussian distribution.

PROCEDURE:

Step 1 : Start Ms Excel application in Ms- office.

Step 2 : Create datasheet for sales data in Ms Excel application.
Step 3 : Find maximum and minimum values of given data set.
Step 4 : Calculate the difference between maximum and minimum values
Step 5: Apply the normalization formula using maximum value, minimum value and
difference value.
Step 6 : Find the best value of the normalized data. Step 7 : Display the normalized
data in desired format
.
Step 8: Save the excel file and Close the Ms Excel application.

RESULT:
The given dataset was normalized using MS-EXCEL and the desired output was displayed in
neat format.
 24

EX NO: 6 Perform dimensionality reduction

operation using PCA, KPCA & SVD
DATE :

AIM:
To Perform dimensionality reduction operation using PCA, KPCA & SVD

PROCEDURE:

SStart Ms Excel application in Ms- office.

te
p
1
:
SOpen XLSTAT . Select the XLSTAT / Analyzing data / Principal components analysis
command. The Principal Component Analysis dialog box will appear.
te
p
2
:
SSelect the data on the Excel sheet.
te
p
3
:
SSelect Observations/variables in the Data format field because of the format of the
input data and Select Correlation in the PCA type
te
pfield.
4
:
SIn the Outputs tab, activate the option to display significant correlations
in bold characters (Test significancy).
te
p
5:
SIn the Charts tab, in order to display the labels on all charts, and to display all the
observations (observations charts and biplots), uncheck the filtering option.
te
p
6
:
SIf there is a lot of data, displaying the labels might slow down the global display of the
results. Displaying all the observations might make the
te
presults unreadable. In these cases, filtering the observations to display is recommended
7
:
SClick OK to launch the computations.
te
p
8:
SSave the excel file and Close the Ms Excel application.
te
p
7
:
 24

RESULT:
The given dataset was performed dimensionality reduction operation using PCA, KPCA &
SVD and the desired output was displayed in neat format.
 2

EX NO: 7a PERFORM BIVARIATE ANALYSIS

ON THE DATASET
DATE :

AIM:
To Perform bivariate analysis on the dataset using MS-EXCEL.

PROCEDURE:

Step 1 : Start Ms Excel application in Ms- office.

Step 2 : Create datasheet for student marks in Ms Excel application.
Step 3 : If you haven't already installed the Analysis ToolPak , Click the
Microsoft Office button, then click on the Excel Options , and then select Add-
Ins , Click Go, check the Analysis ToolPak box, and click Ok
Step 4 : Select Data tab, then click on the Data Analysis option, then selects
Descriptive Statistics from the list and Click Ok. [Data tab >> Data Analysis >>]
Step 5: In the Input Range we select quantity as x range and discount as y range then
select Output Range where you want the output to be stored. If you don’t specify the output
range it will throw output in the new worksheet.
Step 6 : Then select Output Range where you want the output to be stored. If
you don’t specify the output range it will throw output in the new worksheet.
Step 7 : When you click Ok, you will see the result in the selected output range. Step 8:
Save the excel file and Close the Ms Excel application.

Result:
The bivariate analysis on dataset was performed successfully using MS-EXCEL and
the desired output was displayed in neat format.
 26

E PERFORM MULTIVARIATE
X ANALYSIS ON THE DATASET

N
O
:
7
b
D
A
T
E

AIM:
To Perform multivariate analysis on the dataset using MS-EXCEL.

PROCEDURE:

Step 1 : Start Ms Excel application in Ms- office.

Step 2 : Create datasheet for student marks in Ms Excel application.
Step 3 : If you haven't already installed the Analysis ToolPak , Click the Microsoft
Office button, then click on the Excel Options , and then select Add-Ins , Click Go,
check the Analysis ToolPak box, and click Ok
Step 4 : Select Data tab, then click on the Data Analysis option, then selects
Descriptive Statistics from the list and Click Ok. [Data tab >> Data Analysis >>]
Step 5: In the Input Range we Select quantity as x range and discount and pro 昀椀 t
as y range , then select Output Range where you want the output to be stored. If you
don’t specify the output range it will throw output in the new worksheet.
Step 6 : Then select Output Range where you want the output to be stored. If
you don’t specify the output range it will throw output in the new worksheet.
Step 7 : When you click Ok, you will see the result in the selected output range. Step 8:
Save the excel file and Close the Ms Excel application.

Result:
The multivariate analysis on the dataset was performed successfully using MS-EXCEL
and the desired output was displayed in neat format.
 2

E
X PLOTTING FUNCTIONS ON
THE DATA SET
N
O
:
8
D
A
T
E

AIM:
To apply and explore various plotting functions on the data set using MS-EXCEL.

PROCEDURE:

Step 1 : Start Ms Excel application in Ms- office.

Step 2 : Create datasheet for student marks in Ms Excel application.
Step 3 : select the data for which a chart is to be created.
Step 4 : In the INSERT menu, select Recommended Charts.
Step 5 : Choose any chart from the list of charts Excel recommends for your data on the
Recommended Charts tab, and click it to preview how it will look with your data.
Step 6 : lick on All Charts if you are unable to locate a chart you like.
Step 7 : Click on the chart that you prefer and then click OK.
Step 8 : Add chart elements such as axis titles or data labels, customize the
appearance of the chart, or change the data displayed in the chart by clicking on Chart
Elements, Chart Styles, and Chart Filters in the upper−right corner of the chart.
Step 9 : Click on the chart TOOLS tab on the ribbon to add additional design and
formatting capabilities and then click the options you desire under the DESIGN and
FORMAT tabs.
Step 10: When you click Ok, you will see the result in the selected output range. Step 11 :
Save the excel file and Close the Ms Excel application.

RESULT:
The plotting functions was applied and explored on the data set successfully using MS-
EXCEL and the desired output was displayed in neat format.
28
 2
E Explore the features of Power BI
X Desktop

N
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AIM:

To explore the features of Power BI Desktop

PROCEDURE:

Step 1 : Start Power BI Desktop

Step 2 : Connect to data.

Step 3 : Transform and clean data to create a data model.
Step 4 : Create visuals, such as charts or graphs that provide visual representations of the
data.
Step 5: Create reports that are collections of visuals on one or more report pages.
Step 6 : Share reports with others by using the Power BI service. Step 7 : Save the
file in desired location
Step 8 : Close the Power BI Desktop application
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Explore the features of Power BI Desktop

What is Power BI Desktop?

Power BI Desktop is a free application you install on your local computer that lets you
connect to, transform, and visualize your data. With Power BI Desktop, you can connect to
multiple different sources of data, and combine them (often called modeling) into a data
model. This data model lets you build visuals, and collections of visuals you can share as
reports, with other people inside your organization. Most users who work on business
intelligence projects use Power BI Desktop to create reports, and then use the Power BI
service to share their reports with others.

The most common uses for Power BI Desktop are as follows:

Connect to data.
Transform and clean data to create a data model.
Create visuals, such as charts or graphs that provide visual representations of the
data.
Create reports that are collections of visuals on one or more report pages.
Share reports with others by using the Power BI service.

People who are responsible for such tasks are often considered data analysts (sometimes
referred to as analysts) or business intelligence professionals (often referred to as report
creators). Many people who don't consider themselves an analyst or a report creator use
Power BI Desktop to create compelling reports, or to pull data from various sources. They
can build data models, and then share the reports with their coworkers and organizations.

Important
Power BI Desktop is updated and released on a monthly basis, incorporating customer
feedback and new features. Only the most recent version of Power BI Desktop is supported;
customers who contact support for Power BI Desktop will be asked to upgrade to the most
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recent version. You can get the most recent version of Power BI Desktop from the Windows
Store, or as a single executable containing all supported languages that you download and
install on your computer.

There are three views available in Power BI Desktop, which you select on the left side of the
canvas. The views, shown in the order they appear, are as follows:

Report: You create reports and visuals, where most of your creation time is spent.
Data: You see the tables, measures, and other data used in the data model associated
with your report, and transform the data for best use in the report's model.
Model: You see and manage the relationships among tables in your data model.

The following image shows the three views, as displayed along the left side of the canvas:

Connect to data

To get started with Power BI Desktop, the first step is to connect to data. There are many
different data sources you can connect to from Power BI Desktop.

To connect to data:

From the Home ribbon, select Get Data > More.

The Get Data window appears, showing the many categories to which Power BI Desktop
can connect.
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When you select a data type, you're prompted for information, such as the URL and
credentials, necessary for Power BI Desktop to connect to the data source on your
behalf.
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After you connect to one or more data sources, you may want to transform the data
so it's useful for you.

Transform and clean data, create a model

In Power BI Desktop, you can clean and transform data using the built-in Power Query
Editor. With Power Query Editor, you make changes to your data, such as changing a data
type, removing columns, or combining data from multiple sources. It's like sculpting: you
start with a large block of clay (or data), then shave off pieces or add others as needed, until
the shape of the data is how you want it.

To start Power Query Editor:

On the Home ribbon, in the Queries section, select Transform data.

The Power Query Editor window appears.

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Each step you take in transforming data (such as renaming a table, transforming a data type,
or deleting a column) is recorded by Power Query Editor. Every time this query connects to
the data source, those steps are carried out so that the data is always shaped the way you
specify.

The following image shows the Power Query Editor window for a query that was shaped,
and turned into a model.

Once your data is how you want it, you can create visuals.

Create visuals

After you have a data model, you can drag fields onto the report canvas to create visuals. A
visual is a graphic representation of the data in your model. There are many different types of
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visuals to choose from in Power BI Desktop. The following visual shows a simple column
chart.

To create or change a visual:

From the Visualizations pane, select the Build visual icon.

If you already have a visual selected on the report canvas, the selected visual changes to the
type you selected.

If no visual is selected on the canvas, a new visual is created based on your selection.
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Create reports

More often, you'll want to create a collection of visuals that show various aspects of the data
you've used to create your model in Power BI Desktop. A collection of visuals, in one Power
BI Desktop file, is called a report. A report can have one or more pages, just like an Excel
file can have one or more worksheets.

With Power BI Desktop you can create complex and visually rich reports, using data from
multiple sources, all in one report that you can share with others in your organization.

In the following image, you see the first page of a Power BI Desktop report, named
Overview, as seen on the tab near the bottom of the image.

Share reports

After a report is ready to share with others, you can publish the report to the Power BI
service, and make it available to anyone in your organization who has a Power BI license.

To publish a Power BI Desktop report:

Select Publish from the Home ribbon.

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Power BI Desktop connects you to the Power BI service with your Power BI account.
You're prompted to select where in the Power BI service you'd like to share the
report. For example, your workspace, a team workspace, or some other location in
the Power BI service.

Following are some of the features of Power BI -

Power BI Desktop
Power BI Desktop is free software that you can download and install, and it allows you to
build reports by accessing data easily. For using Power BI desktop, you do not need
advanced report designing, or query skills to build a report.
Stream Analytics
Power BI's primary advantage is its support stream analytics. From factory sensors to social
media sources, Power BI assists in real-time analytics to make timely decisions.
Multiple Data Sources
Support for various data sources is one of the vital features of Power BI. You can access
various sources of data such as Excel, CSV, SQL Server, Web files, etc. to create interactive
visualizations.
Custom Visualization
While dealing with complex data, Power BI's default standard might not be enough in some
cases. In that case, you can access the custom library of visualization that meets your needs.

RESULT:

The features of Power BI explored successfully and displayed desired output in neat
format.
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EX NO:10 Prepare & Load data

DATE :

AIM:

To Prepare & Load data in Power BI Desktop

PROCEDURE:

Step 1 : Start Power BI Desktop

Step 2 : Goto to home menu , select get data and then choose excel worksheet Step 3 :
Select your file to load into Power Bi application and press load button Step 4 : Now the file
is loaded and now click data view in the left panel Step 5:Now the file is loaded in the form
of table
format Step 6 : Save the file in desired location
Step 7 : Close the Power BI Desktop application
To see available data sources, in the Home group of the Power BI Desktop ribbon, select the Get data button label or down
arrow to open the Common data sources list. If the data source you want isn't listed under Common data sources,
select More to open the Get Data dialog box.
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Or, open the Get Data dialog box directly by selecting the Get data icon itself.

Template apps
You can find template apps for your organization by selecting the Template Apps link near the bottom of
the Get data window.

Available Template Apps may vary based on your organization.

Connect to a data source
To connect to a data source, select the data source from the Get data window and select Connect. The following
screenshot shows Web selected from the Other data connection category.
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A connection window appears. Enter the URL or resource connection information, and then select OK. The
following screenshot shows a URL entered in the From Web connection dialog box.

Depending on the data connection, you might be prompted to provide credentials or other information. After you
provide all required information, Power BI Desktop connects to the data source and presents the available data
sources in the Navigator dialog box.
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Select the tables and other data that you want to load. To load the data, select the Load button at the bottom of
the Navigator pane. To transform or edit the query in Power Query Editor before loading the data, select
the Transform Data button.
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RESULT:
The Excel data sheet was prepared and loaded successfully into Power BI Desktop
and displayed desired output in neat format.
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EX NO:11 DEVELOPING DATA MODEL

DATE :

AIM:

To Develop the data model using Power BI Desktop

PROCEDURE:

Step 1 : Start Power BI Desktop

Step 2 : Goto to home menu , select get data and then choose excel worksheet Step 3 : Select
your file to load into Power Bi application and press load button Step 4 : Now the file is loaded
and now click model view in the left panel Step 5: Now data modeling of the given tables
are displayed in output screen Step 6 : Save the file in desired location
Step 7 : Close the Power BI Desktop application

Using Data Modeling and Navigation

Data Modeling is one of the features used to connect multiple data sources in the BI tool using a relationship. A
relationship defines how data sources are connected and you can create interesting data visualizations on multiple
data sources.
With the modeling feature, you can build custom calculations on the existing tables and these columns can be
directly presented in Power BI visualizations. This allows businesses to define new metrics and perform custom
calculations for those metrics.
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In the above image, you can see a common data model, which shows a relationship between two tables. Both
tables are joined using a column name "Id".
Similarly, in Power BI, you set the relationship between two objects. To set the relationship, you have to drag a
line between the common columns. You can also view the "Relationship" in a data model in Power BI.
To create a data model in Power BI, you need to add all data sources in Power BI new report option. To add a
data source, go to the Get data option. Then, select the data source you want to connect and click the Connect
button.

Once you add a data source, it is presented on the right sidebar. In the
following image, we have used 2 xls files to import data - Customer and
Product.

In Power BI on the left side of the screen, you have the following three tabs −
Report
Data
Relationships
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When you navigate to the Report tab, you can see a dashboard and a chart selected for
data visualization. You can select different chart types as per your need. In our example,
we have selected a Table type from available Visualizations.

When you go to the Data tab, you can see all the data as per the defined Relationship
from the data sources.
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In the Relationship tab, you can see the relationship between data sources. When you add multiple data sources to
Power BI visualization, the tool automatically tries to detect the relationship between the columns. When you
navigate to the Relationship tab, you can view the relationship. You can also create a Relationship between the
columns using Create Relationships option.

You can also add and remove relationships in data visualization.

To remove a relationship, you have to right-click and select the
"Delete" option. To create a new "Relationship", you just need to
drag and drop the fields that you want to link between the data
sources.
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You can also use the Relationship view to hide a particular
column in the report. To hide a column, right-click on the column
name and select the "Hide in report view" option.

RESULT:
The data model was developed and loaded successfully using Power BI
Desktop and
displayed desired output in neat format.
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EX NO:12
Perform DAX calculations
DATE :

AIM:

To perform DAX calculations using Power BI Desktop

PROCEDURE:

Step 1 : Start Power BI Desktop

Step 2 : Goto to home menu , select get data and then choose excel worksheet Step 3 :
Select your file to load into Power Bi application and press load button Step 4 : Now the file
is loaded and now click report view in the left panel Step 5: Goto data panel and right
click on data file and choose new measure Step 6 : Type the formula for new measure
and click the new measure “ was
added Step 7 : Drag the corresponding various types of visualization in workspace.
Step 8 : Save the file in desired location
Step 9 : Close the Power BI Desktop application

DAX Calculation Types

In Power BI, you can create two primary calculations using DAX −
Calculated columns
Calculated measures
When you navigate to the Modeling tab, you can see a New Column option at the top of the screen. This also opens
the formula bar where you can enter DAX formula to perform the calculation. DAX - Data Analysis Expression is a
powerful language used in Excel to perform calculations. You can also rename the column by changing the Column
text in the formula bar.

In the following example, we have created a new column: Product Code (Product_C), which is derived from the
last 3 characters of Prod_Id column. Following is the formula −
Product_C = RIGHT( Sheet1[Prod_Id],3)
To create a calculated measure, navigate to New Measure tab under Modeling. This will add a new object under the
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Fields tab with the name Measure.

You can write DAX formula to calculate the value of the new measure, as
we did for the new calculated column.
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RESULT:

The perform DAX calculations were performed successfully using Power BI Desktop
and
displayed desired output in neat format.
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E
X DESIGN A REPORT

N
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1
3
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:
AIM:

To using Power BI Desktop

PROCEDURE:

Step 1 : Start Power BI Desktop

Step 2 : Goto to home menu , select get data and then choose excel worksheet Step 3 :
Select your file to load into Power Bi application and press load button Step 4 : Now the file
is loaded and now click report view in the left panel Step 5: Goto data panel and right
click on data file and choose new measure Step 6 : Type the formula for new measure
and click the new measure “ was
added Step 7 : Select clustered column chat and copy the visualization in workspace.
Step 8 : Change to decomposition tree visualization in workspace. Step 9 : Explore
the data in various forms for select filed .
Step 9 : Save the file in desired location
Step 10 : Close the Power BI Desktop application

RESULT:
The report was created successfully using Power BI Desktop and displayed desired
output in neat format.
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EX NO:14 CREATION OF A DASHBOARD AND

PERFORM DATA ANALYSIS
DATE :

AIM:

To create of a dashboard and perform data analysis using Power BI Desktop

PROCEDURE:

Step 1 : Start Power BI Desktop

Step 2 : Goto to home menu , select get data and then choose excel worksheet Step 3 :
Select your file to load into Power Bi application and press load button Step 4 : Now the file
is loaded and now click report view in the left panel
Step 5: Goto data panel and right click on data file and choose team filed and slicer
visualization
Step 6 : Now teamwise slicer was displayed. Next copy the visualization and change to card
visualization
Step 7 : Now copy the visualization and change to gauge visualization Step 8 : Next copy
the visualization and change to donut visualization and drag gender field and change value
filed as count of gender
Step 9 : Now change and display the visualization as per teamwise Step 10 :
Save the file in desired location
Step 9 : Close the Power BI Desktop application

Publish Power BI Report

1. Navigate to Power BI Service

2. Select Workspaces and click Create a workspace.

1. Enter 311 Workspace for Workspace name and click Save.

2. Go back to the Power BI desktop application, select the Home tab, and
click Publish .
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1. Select 311 Workspace as the destination, then click Select.

2. Wait until publishing is complete and click Open <name of your report>.pbix in
Power BI.

This will open the published report in the browser.

Create Power BI Dashboard

1. Expand 311 Workspace.

2. Select the Problem management report under Reports heading.
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1. Select Pin to a dashboard on the menu. Depending on the layout you may need to
press … to show additional menu items.

1. Select New dashboard on Pin to dashboard prompt.

2. Enter Problem Management Dashboard as a Dashboard name, select Pin live.

1. Select 311 Workspace node, select Problem Management Dashboard.

2. Test interactivity of the pie and bar charts that are displayed.
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Add Visualizations Using Natural Language

1. Select Ask a question about your data on top of the dashboard.

1. Enter funnel count of problem reports by status in Q&A area. The funnel chart
will be displayed.
2. Select Pin visual.

1. Select Existing dashboard, select Problem Management dashboard, select Pin.

Task 4: Build Mobile Phone View

1. Select the Problem Management dashboard from Dashboards area.

2. Click Edit and then select Mobile Layout from the drop down box.
3. Rearrange tiles as desired.
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1. Select your report under **311 Workspace

2. Select File and then select Generate QR Code from the drop down box.

1. If you have a mobile device, scan the code using a QR scanner app available on both
iOS and Android platforms.

NOTE
To access the dashboard and report you will have to sign in on the phone as the same user.

1. Navigate and explore reports and dashboards on a mobile device.

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RESULT:
The dashboard was created and data analysis was performed successfully using Power BI
Desktop and displayed desired output in neat format.
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EX NO:15
Presentation of a case study - Campus Recruitment Analysis
DATE :

AIM:
To Presentation of a case study for Campus Recruitment Analysis using Power BI
Desktop
The Challenge
Campus Placements/ Campus Recruitment drives are conducted in various educational
institutes for providing job opportunities to the students who are pursuing their particular
academic courses.
As much as it is important to the students, it is also important to the institute as it gives a
chance to contemplate about the process. This data includes students from various
colleges.

The Solution
What every management team wants to know:
How many companies appeared?
How many students appeared?
Which companies have hired the most of the students and from which college?
How many students accepted the offer?
Were the companies beneficial in accordance to their vacancies?
How many students were selected by the companies?
What was the ratio between students applied and the vacancies available?
Which college were the most preferred by the students?
Which technologies were the most preferred by the students?
Which colleges were benefitted by this recruitment in terms of the selection?
Which colleges did not perform up to the mark?
Which colleges were involved the most in terms of the students registered?
Which companies were beneficial in accordance to their vacancies?

The Extra Mile

We gave users a menu driven page where they can navigate to the page of their
interest.
Overview of companies with respect to the technologies.
Overview of students with respect to the technologies, companies and colleges.
Overview of selected students with respect to the technologies, companies and
colleges.
Insights on basis of the students' priority and the offers given to them.
We have given extra information apart from what is need about every area of
interest.
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EX NO:16 Presentation of a case study - Campus Recruitment Analysis

OUTPUT:
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RESULT:

The Presentation of a case study for Campus Recruitment Analysis was performed
successfully using Power BI Desktop and displayed desired output in neat format.