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Math Assignment Unit 6

The analysis examines the correlation between calories and carbohydrates in Starbucks food items, finding a moderate positive relationship with a Pearson's r of 0.675. The regression equation for predicting carbohydrates based on calories is Carb = 8.954 + 0.106 × Calories, and the model explains approximately 45.6% of the variability in carbohydrates. Statistical validation confirms the significance of the relationship, indicating that while calories are a predictor of carbohydrates, other factors also play a role.

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6 views

Math Assignment Unit 6

The analysis examines the correlation between calories and carbohydrates in Starbucks food items, finding a moderate positive relationship with a Pearson's r of 0.675. The regression equation for predicting carbohydrates based on calories is Carb = 8.954 + 0.106 × Calories, and the model explains approximately 45.6% of the variability in carbohydrates. Statistical validation confirms the significance of the relationship, indicating that while calories are a predictor of carbohydrates, other factors also play a role.

Uploaded by

nazilaramzi25
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Analysis of the Relationship Between Calories and Carbohydrates in Starbucks Food Items

MATH 1281-01 Statistical Inference - AY2025-T4

Math Assignment Unit 6

Instructor: Ankita Devdhara

May 20, 2025


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1. What is the correlation coefficient (Pearson’s r) between the variable's calories and carb?

The correlation coefficient (Pearson’s r) between the variables calories and carbohydrates (carb)

is 0.675. This indicates a moderate positive relationship between the two variables. In other

words, as the number of calories in a food item increases, the amount of carbohydrates also tends

to increase.
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2. Interpret the strength of the relationship between the calories and the amount of carbohydrates

(in grams) contained in the food menu at Starbucks.

sing the guidelines for correlation strength (0.00 to 0.30: Weak, 0.30 to 0.70: Moderate, 0.70 to

1.00: Strong), the correlation coefficient (Pearson’s r) between calories and carbohydrates in

Starbucks food items is 0.675, indicating a moderate positive relationship. This suggests that as

the number of calories increases, the amount of carbohydrates also tends to rise; however, this

relationship is not perfect and exhibits some variability. While there is a general trend where

food items with higher calories also contain more carbohydrates, exceptions do exist, and it is

crucial to remember that correlation does not imply causation. Thus, although an increase in

calories is associated with an increase in carbohydrates, it does not necessarily mean that one

directly affects the other.


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3. Using JASP descriptive statistics, find the mean and standard deviation for the variable
calories and carb.

Calories: Mean = 338.831, Standard Deviation = 105.369

Carb: Mean = 44.87, Standard Deviation = 16.552

4. In a food label at Starbucks, the number of calories is indicated but the amount of

carbohydrates (in grams) is missing. Write the equation of the regression line for prediction of

the amount of carbohydrates (the response or dependent variables) given the number of calories

(explanatory variable or covariate)

 First calculate the slope (b1).


 Calculate the intercept (b0).
 Write the regression equation.
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Calculate the Slope (b₁)

Formula:

b₁ = (Sy / Sx) × r

 Sy = 16.55
 Sx = 105.37
 r = 0.68

Calculation:

b₁ = (16.55 / 105.37) × 0.68 ≈ 0.106

Calculate the Intercept (b₀)

Formula:

 b₀ = Ȳ - b₁ × X̄
 Ȳ = 44.87
 X̄ = 338.83

Calculation:

b₀ = 44.87 - (0.106 × 338.83) ≈ 8.954

The Regression Equation

The regression equation for predicting the amount of carbohydrates (in grams) based on the

number of calories is:

Carb = 8.954 + 0.106 × Calories


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5. Using JASP linear regression, validate the regression equation found in c.

To validate the regression equation found in part c using JASP linear regression, we can

summarize the findings as follows:

Statistical Significance

The ANOVA table from the JASP output indicates that the model is statistically significant (p <

0.001). This signifies a significant relationship between the number of calories and the amount of

carbohydrates.

Coefficients Confirmation

The coefficients table confirms the values for the intercept and slope:

 Intercept (b₀) = 8.944

 Slope (b₁) = 0.106

Comparison of Equations

Both the regression equation derived manually and the one from the JASP output are identical:

 Manual Equation: Carb = 8.95 + 0.106 × Calories

 JASP Equation: Carb = 8.944 + 0.106 × Calories

6. Calculate R² of the regression line for predicting the amount of carbohydrates from the

number of calories and interpret it in the context of the application.


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From the Model Summary table:

The R² value is 0.456.

The number of calories in food items can explain approximately 45.6% of the variability in

carbohydrates (carbs). This means that while calories are a significant predictor of carbohydrates,

other factors (not included in this model) also influence the amount of carbohydrates

Word Count: 587


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Reference

Diez, D. M., Barr, C. D., & Çetinkaya-Rundel, M. (2019). OpenIntro Statistics (4th ed.).

OpenIntro. https://www.openintro.org/book/os/

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