International Journal of Scientific Research and Management Studies (IJSRMS)

ISSN: 2349-3771 Volume 3 Issue 7, pg: 279-283

A REVIEW PAPER ON SMART HOME AUTOMATION

Pankaj Bhardwaj (Assistant Professor),
Paras Manchanda, Prashant Chahal, Prashant Chaudhary, Robin Singh
Department of ECE, Moradabad Institute of Technology (U.P), India

ABSTRACT
Home automation trade has drawn goodish attention of researchers for quite a decade. The main attraction of
any automated system is reducing human labor, effort, time and errors due to human negligence. With the
development of modern technology, smart phones have become a necessity for every person on this planet. With
the increase in consumption of energy and population, there is a grave need to conserve energy in every way
possible. The inability to access and control the appliances from remote locations is one of the major reasons
for energy loss. This paper presents a survey of all such systems.

GENERAL TERMS
Voice recognition

KEYWORDS: Home Automation, Smartphone, Voice Control, wireless technology.

I. INTRODUCTION
Until fairly recently, automated central control of building-wide systems was found only in larger
commercial buildings and expensive homes. Typically involving only lighting, heating and cooling
systems, building automation rarely provided more than basic control, monitoring and scheduling
functions and was accessible only from specific control points within the building itself. With the
advent of ‘Internet of Things’ in the last decade, we have been pushing for ubiquitous computing in
all spheres of life.
It thus is of extreme importance to simplify human interfacing with technology. Automation is one
such area that aims that achieves simplicity whilst increasing efficiency. Voice controlled House
Automation System aims to further the cause of automation so as to achieve the goal of simplicity.
Where home automation becomes truly "smart" is in the Internet-enabled devices that attach to this
network and control it. The classic control unit is the home computer, for which many of the earlier
home automation systems were designed. Today's home automation systems are more likely to
distribute programming and monitoring control between a dedicated device in the home, like the
control panel of a security system, and a user-friendly app interface that can be accessed via an
Internet-enabled PC, smartphone or tablet.
This paper aims to perform a survey of all the existing such systems and compare the available
features. The paper will also compare and contrast all the systems and look at their various features
and disadvantages. A wide variety of options are available for the home automation systems.
ORGANISATION OF PAPER:- After study of different review papers based on home
automation starts with the brief description of home automation its need and importance then after
that after review of different research paper is done on the basis of which literature survey of different
technique used for automation with their advantages and limitations is discussed.

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 International Journal of Scientific Research and Management Studies (IJSRMS)
ISSN: 2349-3771 Volume 3 Issue 7, pg: 279-283

II. LITERATURE SURVEY

The concept of development of a smart home system is not an isolated case it has been existing since
the term "smart house" was first coined by the American Association of House builders in 1984.
Implementation of these systems will not just increase the comfort level of modern generation but also
help elderly and physically disabled people. All researchers are trying to put some handheld device
(e.g. mobile or some battery operated device) in hand on people to increase level.
In the real world (outside of research labs and the homes of the rich and famous), home automation
most commonly connects simple binary devices. This includes "on and off" devices such as lights,
power outlets and electronic locks, but also devices such as security sensors which have only two
states, open and closed.
The starting technologies that were used for automation mainly operate one or two devices also
specific task can be performed with them which make them very inefficient. On the bases of study of
reeiew papers based on Home Automation following techniques are discussed they are as follows:-
 System based on ZigBee
System based on ZigBee sensor networks to make home networks more intelligent and automatic.
In ZigBee technology an end node, the node sends data to the coordinator, and the coordinator Hub
sends the data back to the terminal end of the loop. Since all devices have their own IP Address based
on IPv6, they can be directly connected to an external network. So, all smart devices It can not only
through the handheld remote control device to the central and local home, but can also be controlled
remote computer control through the introduction of home Internet Gateway machine.
The application of Zigbee is where, we require, low data rate, low power consumption, low cost,
security and reliability. Zigbee is used in several field like medical, industry automation, home
automation Vital Monitoring includes Heart-rate Monitoring Body heat Monitoring Personal
equipment, control Consumer Electronic include Remote control PC- peripheral Control of windows
roll/shades etc. Dimmer/ switches Alarm And security system include Smoke detector Water leakage
alarm.
The advantage of Zigbee home automation is, it low power consumption device and very less time
consuming system. Zigbee home automation make home safe and comfortable. Home automation
takes less time to finish a task and also makes the work simpler. The wireless range of Zigbee is good
enough for home automation. The range of Zigbee is100to300feetapprox.
The overall system cost is very low as compare to other. The cost is dependent on advancement of
system. The limitation of the Zigbee home automation is If there any damage due to rupturing of
cable the entire system get crashed and If he/she does’t use the correct keys to perform the operations,
human errors may occurs . In very rare case, the reliability of home automated device is decreases.
 System Based on Radar
From any place without any line of sight around the house, RF based wireless remote control system
can change the state of the electrical appliances either in on state or off state.
Transmission through Radio Frequency has many advantages over infra red transmission. RF signal
can travel a longer range hence its coverage area for operating is lager and moreover the transmitter
and receiver need not be in line of sight. As RF frequency signal is strong, it is more reliable than IR
transmission. The RF modules which is used in this work comprises of transmitter and receiver which
operate at 434 MHz.
 System Based on Banana Pi
Main Features are it is a single-board computer, it can serve as a platform to make many applications
for different purposes.
Strengths of system are it targets to be a cheap, small and flexible enough computer for daily life, it is
built with ARM Cortex-A7 Dual-core CPU and Mali400MP2 GPU and open source software, Most
of common extension accessories Including LCD panel, touch screen, camera module, UART console
and GPIO control pins are accessible from Banana Pi on-board connectors and headers.
Weaknesses of system are all these systems require the user to have some technical background and
electronics basics. It also requires time to be learned and become expert in assembling and using it.
However, many tutorials and detailed information about their assembly and use are free available on
line. Another barrier is constituted by their commercial price that can also reach thousands of euros.

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 International Journal of Scientific Research and Management Studies (IJSRMS)
ISSN: 2349-3771 Volume 3 Issue 7, pg: 279-283

 System Based on Raspberry Pi

Main Features of It is a capable credit-card sized computer that allows developing electronics
projects.
Strengths are ability to interact with the outside world, and has been used in a wide array of digital
maker projects, from music machines and parent detectors to weather stations and tweeting
birdhouses with infra-red cameras. Could be used by people of all ages. Its challenge is to be used by
people of all ages to explore computing and to learn how to program in languages like Scratch and
Python and how to manipulate the electronic world around them.
Weaknesses are same as Banana Pi.
 Smart Home Micro-Computers
Smart Home Micro-Computers (SHMC) are small-sized computers that are connected to other
devices in order to automatize and control the whole smart home system. They consist in a
microcontroller with complementary components that facilitate programming and incorporation into
other circuits. An important aspect is their standard connectors, which lets users be connected to a
central processing unit (CPU) board to a variety of interchangeable add-on modules known as shields.
They allow the users make interactive projects and applications with the environment by using
multiple extensible connectors and by receiving inputs from many sensors and affect its surrounding
by controlling lights or other actuators. In literature, there are some examples of applications where
SHMCs have been combined with wireless sensors to create home automation systems to monitor and
control home appliances. The strengths and weaknesses of each SHMC have been summarized.

COMPARING HOME AUTOMATION TECHNIQUES

Fig 1:- shows the comparison between home automation techniques

III. DISCUSSION
It gives an overview of the status of smart home technologies by discussing the main relevant features
and pointing out the strengths and weakness of each technology and product. It is a guide for users,
who need to choose the technology that best suits their needs.
The diverse directionality and complexity of the existing communication devices represent a
challenge. The growing trend is the development of bidirectional communication using a Home
Automation Network (HAN) to monitor and control home appliances.de facto realizing a demand-
response (DR) system. According to a report published by the American Council for an Energy,
Efficient Economy, some of the systems from among the new feedback initiatives that make energy

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 International Journal of Scientific Research and Management Studies (IJSRMS)
ISSN: 2349-3771 Volume 3 Issue 7, pg: 279-283

resources visible to residential users achieve the maximum feedback-related savings. If all systems are
to do this, they will require a combination of useful technologies with well-designed programs that
successfully inform, engage and motivate the users via the following determining factors‚ Data
collection the technology allows the collection of all relevant data and provides access to them‚ Data
processing: the technology allows the processing and analyzing of relevant data and can combine
them‚ Data representation: the technology allows the relevant data to be made accessible to the users‚
Control and interaction capabilities: the technology enables users to access the status and monitor the
functions of related technologies (bidirectional communication and interaction). These factors need to
be considered when tailoring the data that should be provided to end-users.
It is also clear from the literature that the way to communicate the feedbacks to the end-users involves
two main approaches. Systemic: the house exists in a systemic context, and the data, retrieved by
means of a smart grid, are presented at an individual household level and compared with the average
system performance‚ Gamification: the feedback is presented by using elements and concepts that are
typical in computer games and is often integrated in a graphical user interface (GUI). In the following
sections, the most relevant technological devices and integrated software or applications today
available on the market for improving the interaction between users and home appliances are
presented, compared and discussed.

IV. CONCLUSION
In this review paper the concept of the smart home and the advent of the smart grid have been
presented. Smart technologies and products available on the market that allow an intelligent energy
management of homes have been reviewed.
It was also discussed a general system’s architecture and the barriers, challenges, benefits and future
trends that future smart homes and grids will face. Efficient usage of electricity results in lowering
peak load, reducing energy bills, and minimizing greenhouse gas emissions. In order to realize an
effective integration of smart homes into a smart grid, the migration towards bi-directional
communication networks has to be fostered, and well-tuned home automation system has to be
designed. Currently one of the existing issues that are associated to smart home applications are the
fact that in a home with all sorts of automated application, there will be too many remote controls or
monitoring terminal, if the user installed a range of proprietary applications from different providers
are also been studied.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
We would like to thank the Principal & ECE Department of Moradabad Institute of Technology,
Moradabad (U.P) for supporting us in this work.

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 International Journal of Scientific Research and Management Studies (IJSRMS)
ISSN: 2349-3771 Volume 3 Issue 7, pg: 279-283

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AUTHOR’S BIOGRAPHY

Pankaj Bhardwaj, Assistant Professor of M.I.T Moradabad Institute of technology, Moradabad

.He done his master’s degree from utu Dehradun in digital communication and has field of
interest is satellite communication electromagnetic.

Robin Singh, student of electronics and communication Engineering , Moradabad institute of

technology, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh (244001) and the area of interest are Pspice and
Embedded system.

Paras Manchanda, student of electronics and communication Engineering, Moradabad institute

of technology, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh (244001) and area of interest are Embedded system
and Robotics

Prashant chahal, student of electronics and communication Engineering, Moradabad institute

of technology, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh (244001) and area of interest are Embedded system
and PSPICE

Prashant Chaudhary, student of electronics and communication Engineering, Moradabad

institute of technology, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh (244001) and area of interest are Embedded
system and PSPICE

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