GENERATION OF COMPUTERS

Computers have gone through many changes over time. The first generation of computers started around
1940 and since then there have been five generations of computers

First Generation Of Computer

The first generation used vacuum tube technology and were built between 1946 and 1959. Vacuum tubes
were expensive and produced a lot of heat, which made these computers very expensive and only
affordable to large organizations. Machine language was the programming language used for these
computers, and they could not multitask.

The ENIAC was the first electronic general-purpose computer that used 18,000 vacuum tubes and was
built in 1943 for war-related calculations. Examples of the first generation include EDVAC, IBM-650, IBM-
701, Manchester Mark 1, Mark 2, etc.
Second Generation of Computers
The second generation of computers was developed in the late 1950s and 1960s. These computers
replaced vacuum tubes with transistors making them smaller, faster and more efficient. This was done as
transistors were more reliable than vacuum tubes, required less maintenance and generated less heat.
Second-generation computers were smaller and more portable, making them accessible to a wider
audience. Magnetic core memory was also introduced in this generation, which was faster and more
reliable. This laid the foundation for further developments, paving the way for the third generation that used
integrated circuits.

Third Generation of Computers

The third generation of computers emerged between 1964 and 1971. This generation used microchips or
integrated circuits, making it possible to create smaller, cheaper, and much faster computers.
The third generation of computers was much faster than previous generations, with computational times
reduced from microseconds to nanoseconds. New input devices like the mouse and keyboard were
introduced, replacing older methods like punch cards. New functionalities, like multiprogramming and time-
sharing, and remote processing, were introduced, allowing for more efficient use of computer resources.

Fourth Generation of Computers

Fourth generation computers were developed in 1972 after third generation that used microprocessors.
They used Very Large Scale Integrated (VLSI) circuits, which contained about 5000 transistors capable of
performing complex activities and computations.
Fourth generation computers used LSI chip technology and were incredibly powerful but also very small,
leading to a societal revolution in the computer industry. This generation had the first supercomputers, used
complex programming languages like C, C++, DBASE, etc., and could perform many accurate calculations.

Fifth Generation of Computers

The fifth generation of computers emerged after the fourth generation and is still being developed.
Computers of fifth generation use artificial intelligence (AI) to perform various tasks. These computers use
programming languages such as Python, R, C#, Java, etc., as input methods.
The fifth generation computers employ ULSI technology (Ultra Large Scale Integration), parallel processing,
and AI to perform scientific computations and develop AI software. They can perform intricate tasks such
as image recognition, human speech interpretation, natural language understanding, etc. Examples of fifth
generation include laptops, desktops, notebooks, chromebooks, etc.

INSTRUCTIONS:

a) Apply “center align” ,” Underline”, “font size12” ,” font colour Blue “, and font style “Arial
Black” for the Heading of the article.
b) Make all the subheadings “bold”,” and “font style Arial”.
c) Use any different font style and font colours for the body .
d) Save the document in your folder.
Q Write a letter to the principal of your institute asking him/her to grant you leave for 5 days.
INSTRUCTIONS
(a) Use page size A4 .(hint: Go to page layout -size -choose A4)
(b) Use font size 14 and font style “century school book “ for the letter.
(c) Use Paragraph align”Justify” for the letter body.

QWhat is a table ?

A table is a grid of cells arranged in rows and columns .Tables are useful for various tasks such as
presenting text information and numerical data. In Word ,you can create a blank table ,convert text to a
table ,and apply variety of styles and formats to existing tables.

1.simple table:

NAME LAST NAME COURSE DURATION

2.text alignment :

duration result
Name

coures
name
Last

1
2
3
4

3. Time Table

Day/period I II III Iv V VI VI
9:30- 10:20- 11:10- 12:00- 12:40- 1:30-2:20 2:20-3:10 3:10-4:00
10:20 11:10 12:00 12:40 1:30
Monday LAB Phy
Eng Mat Che
Tuesday
LAB
L Eng Che Mat SPORTS

Wednesday
Mat phy Eng
U Che LIBRARY

Thursday
Phy Eng Che
N LAB Mat

Friday C Mat Che Eng Phy

LAB
Saturday
H SEMINAR SPORTS
Eng Che Mat
 ADMISSION FORM
FORM NO :

DATE : INSERT
PHOTO
ADMISSION NO:

STUDENTS PROFILE:

Name :

Admission sought for class :

Date of birth :

Place of birth:

Nationality:

Gender :

Residential Adddress :
Pin code
Mother Tongue :

Identification :
Blood

Previous academic record

Name of previous school class Year of study Percentage grade

Appraisal of your child

Please mention the achievement if any,of your child in academics/extra/co-curricular activities.

General behaviour : normal hyperactive:

Please mention in brief, if there is any history of previous illness, allergy or physical/psychological illness

Second language in previous class: third language in previous class:

Second language:

MS Word Practical Questions

QNo. 1 Explain the MS word interface parts. Explain about following commands of MS Word.
 The file tab
 Ribbon tabs
 Groups
 Dialog box launcher

QNo. 2. What is Paragraph? Explain about Paragraph marks, Soft paragraph (line break) marks. Write the
paragraphs and do following.

Q3 .Type the following document in Microsoft Word using tables, merge cells and outline numbering

There are different types of computer systems nowadays for different purpose according to the user
needs. However we can classify them into different groups based on different aspects. We can find four
different type of computers based on size. These are large computers that are most powerful. They can
complete tasks very soon and are optimized to complete given tasks quickly. Mainframe Computers. These
are the largest computers and can support hundreds of users simultaneously. These are powerful
computers and optimized to run maximum number of applications at one time. These are medium sized
computers –smaller than mainframe but much larger than personal computers. They can be the best
solution for medium scale organizations. Micro Computers. Micro computers are the smallest when size is
concerned. They range from Desktop, Laptop up to the palm top and even smaller ones. Because micro
computers are developed to support single person, they are often called personal computers (PCs).

 Divide 4 paragraph for the above text and justify Alignment.

 Make Drop Cap the first letter of the second paragraph.
 Make 1.5" line spacing for third paragraph.
 Change font size on 17 points for the last paragraph
 Set up the page layout on Landscape orientation and margin set up 1.50" and Right 1.05".
 INSERT
PHOTO

Administrative Assistant

ABOUT ME

CONTACT

EDUCATION

INTERESTS
 Introduction to MS Office

Microsoft Office (or simply Office) is a family of server software, and services developed by Microsoft. It
SKILLS
was first announced by Bill Gates on August 1, 1988, in Las Vegas. The first version of Office contained
Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel, and Microsoft PowerPoint. Over the years, Office applications have
grown substantially closer with shared features such as a common spell checker, data integration etc.
Office is produced in several versions targeted towards different end-users and computing
environments. The original, and most widely used version, is the desktop version, available for PCs
running the Windows, Linux and Mac OS operating systems. Office Online is a version of the software
that runs within a web browser, while Microsoft also maintains Office apps for Android and iOS.

The first version of MS Office Contained MS Word, MS Excel & MS PowerPoint. While
these are called Applications, Microsoft Office is called Software.

Microsoft Office was primarily created to automate the manual office work with a collection of purpose-built
applications. Each of the applications in Microsoft Office serves as specific knowledge or office domain such
as:

 MS Word- First launched in 1983.

 Main Function-Creating text files.
 MS Excel-First launched in 1985.
 Main Function-Creating Spreadsheets.
 MS PowerPoint-First launched in 1987.
 Main Function-Creating Presentations.
 MS Access- First launched in 1992.
 Main Function-Database Management.
 MS Outlook-First launched in 1997.
 Main Function-Emailing & Work Calendar.
 MS OneNote-First launched in 2003.
 Main Function-Keeping Notes.
 MS Publisher-First launched in 1991.
 Main Function-Desktop Publishing.
 Skype-First launched in 2003.
 Main Function-Video Conferencing.

Out of these applications, MS Word, MS Excel & MS PowerPoint are used the most across
the world.

INSTRUCTIONS
a)For the title Set font to”Algerian”, font size 16 , styles Heading 1 and color Green.
b)For the Body of the article Use font Size 12 font style “ Calibri”.
c)Set page Size to A4, margin (1 cm for top, bottom left, right).
d) Set the Line spacing to 1.0.
e) From the page layout option Add page border, watermark as” Microsoft Office” and
page colour to light blue.
f)Insert Drop cap option.
g)All the word “Microsoft ” should be italic and underline.
h)Add a text box and type “Microsoft office” font size 24 and set shape fill to “grey” and
shape outline weight to 3.
ID CARD DESIGN IN MICROSOFT WORD
i)Justify the whole paragraph.

This ID card is for the exclusive use of the

cardholder for identification and access to
company facilities and resources as outlined in
Q.Bill Design Template

Your Company Name

INVOICE
Kohima: Nagaland INVOICE #22333-99
797001 +9123434346
B.O.C
Mero Complex Date:-

Bill To: Ship to:

[NAME] [NAME]
[COMPANY NAME] [COMPANY NAME]
[STREET ADDRESS] [STREET ADDRESS]
[PHONE] [PHONE]
SALES PERSON P.O. NUMBER REQUISTIONER SHIPPED VIA F.O.B POINT TERMS
Due on Receipt

QUANTITY DESCRIPTION ITEM NAME TOTAL

SUB TOTAL
MATHEMATICAL EQUATIONS AND DIAGRAMS SALES TAX
O
TOTAL DUE
P Q
1.If the sum of squares of zeroes of the quadratic polynomial
X Y
2 −2
3 x + 5 x+ k is , then the value of k is
3
31 25 35 27
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
6 7 6 7
2. Multiply out the brackets
3(2−6)=2(5+3)6−18
 =10+63(2x−6)6x−18
=2(5x+3)=10x+6(−6)6−18=10+6(−6)6−24
=10(÷4)−24=4−6 72˚
C 50 D
=(−6)6x−18(−6x)6x−24(÷4)−24−6
˚
=10x+6=10x=4x
3. value of cot A−1 [ −1 ] .
m

Ans: cot−1 [ −1 ] =-cot =−cot

−1 −1
(cot π4) 1 2

4. If [ 2x+ y
1
2
=
7 2
x−2 y 1 4 ][ ]
, then find the value of x and y.
4
P

Ans;
[ 2x+ y
1
2
=
7 2
x−2 y 1 4 ][ ] 5 6

= 2x+y=7 …( i )
q
8
=x-2y=4 …( ii ) 7

18
5x=18⟹ x=
5 C
B

18
Put x= in ( i )
5 Y

18 36 35−36
2x +y ¿ 7 ⇒ y=7- =
5 5 5

( )
∞
nπx nπx
¿ f ( x )=a0 + ∑ an cos + bn sin
n=1 L L

5. Find the valueof ∫ e x ( tan x+ sec 2 x ) dx

C
100˚
Ans; ∫ e ( tan x+ sec x ) dx
x 2

Let ∫ ⌈ x ⌉ = tan x ⟹∫ ( x )= sec 2 x

∫ e x ( tan x+ sec2 x )dx = ∫ e x { f ( x )+ f 1 ( x ) }dx

=e x f ( x )+c

= e x + tanx + c Ans.

n (+ 1) 2
( ) −b √ b2−4 ac
n
6.∑ ¿ x=
1
i3 2 2a

| |
1 3 3
7.∆ 3 4 5 ( 2−5 ) =3(4)-2(6)+1(3+5)
6
7 3 4∞
Copy the following passage on MS word document and do the assignments given below.

A computer is a machine that can be programmed to carry out sequences

of arithmetic or logical operations (computation) automatically. Modern digital
electronic computers can perform generic sets of operations known as programs.
These programs enable computers to perform a wide range of tasks. A computer
system is a nominally complete computer that includes the hardware, operating
system (main software), and peripheral equipment needed and used for full
operation. This term may also refer to a group of computers that are linked and
function together, such as a computer network or computer cluster.
Early computers were meant to be used only for calculations. Simple manual
instruments like the abacus have aided people in doing calculations since ancient
times. Early in the Industrial Revolution, some mechanical devices were built to
automate long, tedious tasks, such as guiding patterns for looms. More
sophisticated electrical machines did specialized analog calculations in the early
20th century. The first digital electronic calculating machines were developed
during World War II. The first semiconductor transistors in the late 1940s were
followed by the silicon-based MOSFET (MOS transistor) and monolithic integrated
circuit chip technologies in the late 1950s, leading to the microprocessor and
the microcomputer revolution in the 1970s. The speed, power and versatility of
computers have been increasing dramatically ever since then, with transistor
counts increasing at a rapid pace (as predicted by Moore's law), leading to
the Digital Revolution during the late 20th to early 21st centuries.
According to the Oxford English Dictionary, the first known use of computer was in a
1613 book called The Yong Mans Gleanings by the English writer Richard
Brathwait: "I haue [sic] read the truest computer of Times, and the best Arithmetician
that euer [sic] breathed, and he reduceth thy dayes into a short number."
Follow these instructions.
a)Set the page layout to orientation landscape.
b) Use the heading of the passage as “computers”.
c) Break the passage into two columns.
d) Write the heading of the passage in the center and apply bold and underline
options.
e) Justify the whole paragraph.
f) Use the drop cap option in the passage.
g) Write the name of the Institute on the document using watermark.
h) Write your name in the header.
i) Write the page number in the footer.
j) Mark the signature space at the end of the passage using signature line.
k) Insert page border.
l) Use A4 paper and set the margins as top, bottom, left right as 1 cm.
Q . Create table as below and shading the first row. Insert an Octagon and write your name in the center.
Day/ Period I Period II Period IV Period V

Sunday Math Science English Computer

Monday Science Computer Math English

Tuesday English Math Computer Science

Wednesday Computer Science Math English

Friday Math Science English Computer

Q.Create margin at the top & bottom 1.1 inch and right & left 1.5 inch
 Create landscape orientation & A4 paper size
 Insert Period III column after Period II
 Insert Thursday row bellow Wednesday row
 Insert page number center align and Arial font
 Insert watermark "Hello world”
 Table font “Times new roman” and 13 size.
Q. Design in MS Word.
 Create Page 1 and 2 in Portrait.
 Create Page 3 in Landscape.
 And 4 and 5 in A4 Portrait.
 Make this Table in Page no. 2
 Use Header and Footer in every page.

DCA DCA DCA

1 2 3
 1.in MS word create an interview call letter and recipient to be set using mailings. The format
of the address:

First name Last name address pin

follow the instructions given below

a)page layout

i)size A4 ii)Margin: office 2003 Default (iii) Orientation: Portrait

b) Type the interview call letter.

c)Add 5 recipient using ms excel sheet.
d)use mail merge and create letter for the 5 recipients.

2.Create a bar graph and a pie chart in MS word using the data given below.

Month Profit(in lkh) Loss(in lkh) Total spent

advt.(in lkh)
January-march 10 2 2
May- June 15 2.4 4
July- September 13 1.5 3.2
October-November 7 3.3 5
December 9 5 1.4

Chart Title Sales

16 1st Qtr 2nd Qtr 3rd Qtr 4th Qtr
12
Profit(in lkh)
8 9%
Loss(in lkh)
4 Total spent advt.(in 10%
0 lkh)
ch ne ber r r
ar - Ju be be
-m ay m m em 59%
te ve ec
23%
ary M Sep -No D
nu ly- er
Ja Ju ctob
O

3. LOGO DESIGN USING WORDART

ESTD 2000

SCHOOL TECHNOLOGY

FiG:3
FiG:2