Group work

• Each group will try to solve the problem given.

• After completion of the task, each group
Statistics representative will move to the next group
and present their work. Then move to the
next group and then next…. Finally explaining
Dr. Sumera Ahsan all other group their own work.
OR
Group presentation

Purpose of this group work Statistics

• To make students feel easy with data • Statistics consist of facts and figures such as average income,
crime rate, birth rate, baseball batting averages, and so on.
• To help them perform some initial analysis
• To help them see how analysed data gives a • The term statistics refers to a set of mathematical procedures
result/answer/conclusion/picture OR tell us a for organizing, summarizing, and interpreting information
story (Gravetter and Wallnau, 2009)
• To help them realize how statistics can be used by • The field of statistics is concerned with collecting, analyzing,
teachers and researchers interpreting, and presenting data. (Bobbit, 2022)
• To practice basic skills related to statistics-
preparing table, reading data from table, • Statistics is a branch of applied mathematics that involves the
organizing data, computing percentage and collection, description, analysis, and inference of conclusions
mean/average, to make two sets of data from quantitative data. The mathematical theories behind
statistics rely heavily on differential and integral calculus, linear
comparable algebra, and probability theory.
People who do statistics are referred to a statisticians (Chappelow, 2024).
 Why do we use statistics? Why do we use statistics?
• Statistics are usually informative and time saving
because they condense large quantities of • Statistical procedures help to ensure that the
information into a few simple figures. information or observations are presented
• Specifically, statistics serve two general purposes: and interpreted in an accurate and
1. Statistics are used to organize and summarize the informative way.
information so that the researcher can see what
happened in the research study and can
communicate the results to others.
2. Statistics help the researcher to answer the
questions that initiated the research by determining
exactly what general conclusions are justified based
on the specific results that were obtained.

Why do we use statistics?

Why do we use statistics? • In addition, statistics provide researchers with
a set of standardized techniques that are
• In somewhat grandiose terms, statistics help
recognized and understood throughout the
researchers bring order out of chaos.
scientific community.

I gave same quiz (out of

10) to two groups. The We summed up all scores of
mean score of group one group one and divided by the
is 9.5 and the mean of number of students to get the
group two is 6.5 mean score of group one
We did the same for group two.
Now we can compare the two
means
 For Teachers
Use of Statistics to critically evaluate students, own teaching, and
the results of educational research and aid in
• Statistics are useful for anyone who wants to approaching problem-solving scientifically.
gather, analyse and interpret data or - Statistics allows educators to understand student
information; and or use that information performance using descriptive statistics.
Who are these people? (For example) - Statistics allows educators to spot trends in
student performance using data visualizations
- Teachers - Statistics allows to find relationship between
- (Educational) Researchers variables
- Policy makers - Statistics allows educators to compare different
teaching methods using hypothesis tests
- Personal use

For Researchers Understanding…

To analyze collected data and come to a • We analysed collected data and came to an conclusion. This
process is statistics. What we have produced such as mean of the
conclusion achievement test scores of the whole class- this is also statistic(s).
In general both the process and product/outcome of the process
• To describe characteristics of a group/variable both are called statistics
• In many cases it was easy for us to see the trend or come to a
• To compare different groups conclusion such as girls are doing better than boys or girls are
spending more time on social media than boys- BECASE THE DATA
• To identify relationships among variables SET WAS SMALL. If there is big data set we can use statistical
software (e.g. Excel, SPSS, R, Stata)
• To predict • In some cases we found a difference between two groups. Was
the difference significant? We can use inferential statistics for this
kind of comparisons. This course will help you to acquire this skill.
• For relationship, we found by arranging the data in upper and
lower groups, or just seeing patterns (as there were only few
data). There are statistical procedures for determining
relationships. This course will help you to acquire this skill.
 Understanding…
• There are several ways we can analyze a set of data to Bibliography
make sense out of it. Its not always one way. However,
sometimes one way is better than another to • Gravetter, F.J. & Wallnau, L.B. (2013). Statistics for
understand the data, or to come to an conclusion. In Behavioral Sciences. Wadsworth, Cengage Learning:
this course we will also know when to use which USA.
technique of data analysis and presentation of data
(different graphs, charts) • https://web.cortland.edu/andersmd/STATS/stats.html
• When two groups have same number of people and its • Bobbit, Z. (2022). The Importance of Statistics in
small its easy to compare, But if the groups have Education (With Examples). Statology
different number of people and there are many https://www.statology.org/importance-of-statistics-in-
people its not easy to compare without statistical education/
computation especially without using a software.
• Chappelow, J. (2024). Statistics: Definition, Types, and
• Statistics are useful for practitioners and also for the Importance.
policy makers. We can take informed decisions based
on collecting and analysing data https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/statistics.asp