Scribd
Upload
6 views10 pages

Internal RAM Architecture

The 8051 microcontroller features a total of 128 bytes of RAM, divided into USER RAM for runtime data and an SFR area for special function registers. USER RAM consists of a 32-byte register bank divided into four banks, a bit and byte addressable area, and a scratch pad area. The SFR area contains 21 special function registers, including the accumulator and stack pointer, with I/O ports available for input and output operations.

Uploaded by

dadmisangu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
6 views10 pages

Internal RAM Architecture

The 8051 microcontroller features a total of 128 bytes of RAM, divided into USER RAM for runtime data and an SFR area for special function registers. USER RAM consists of a 32-byte register bank divided into four banks, a bit and byte addressable area, and a scratch pad area. The SFR area contains 21 special function registers, including the accumulator and stack pointer, with I/O ports available for input and output operations.

Uploaded by

dadmisangu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 10

Internal RAM Architecture

Explanation:-
• In 8051 microcontroller has Total 128 bytes of RAM
• In 8051 RAM is divided into 2 parts
1. Lower part (or) USER RAM
User RAM is used to store the Run time Data
2. Upper part (or)SFR Area
SFR area Consists of Special function Registers
Explanation of USER RAM
• USER RAM again divide into 3 parts
1. Register Bank0 (00 - 0F)
2. Bit and Byte address area ( 0x20 - 0x2F)
3. Scratch pad Area (0x30 – 0x7F)
Explanation of Register bank
• Size of Register bank is 32 bytes
Register bank again divided into 4 banks.
1.Register bank0.
2.Register bank1.
3.Register bank2
4.Register bank3.
1.Register bank0 (0x0 - 0x7):
• Register bank0 is select as default bank when mc(microcontroller) gets
power ON.
• If one Bank gets full, then data is not saved in next bank automatically.
• We need to write logic to select different bank.
Bit and Byte addressable:-
• In Bit and Byte addressable area we can do any bit and byte
level operations
• We can't do bit operations on register banks.
• On Register bank area we can do only byte operations
• Example:
Mov R0 , # 'A' 0100 0001 -> A
CPL R0.5-.(invalid) 0110 0001 -> a
Scratch pad Area- ( 0x30 - 0x7F)
• Scratch pad area is consist of 80bytes
• There is no SFR(special function registers) in Scratch pad area

Special function Registers ( SFR):-


1.SFR register consists of all special function registers only
2. Total 21 SFR registers are available .
3.size of each SFR is 1 Bytes (21SFR * 1Byte= 21Bytes)
• Total size of RAM is = 128 bytes
• Size of all SFR = 21
• Remaining SFR's are referred as future purpose = 108bytes
Accumulator:-
1.Accumulator is one of the SFR register in 8051.
2.This SFR is used for arithmetic operations
3.Most of the Time Accumulator will work as destination register

Stack pointer:-
1.stack pointer points to the stack area/ memory
2.Stack is a part of RAM, stack is belong to bank1.
3.in 8051 , the didn't mention total size , i.e memory for stack pointer.
4. stack pointer will do 2 operations
1.PUSH 2. POP
I/O port register:-
1. I/O ports are used for input and output operations
2. 8051 has 4 ports.
3. Each port consists of 8 I/o pins

Port:- port is a collection of 8pins


Pin:- single I/o pin

You might also like