UNIT – II

CLOUD SERVICES STRATEGY

Cloud Strategy Fundamentals, Cloud Strategy Management Framework, Cloud Policy, Key Driver
for Adoption, Risk Management, IT Capacity and Utilization, Demand and Capacity matching,
Demand Queueing, Change Management, Cloud Service Architecture

Cloud Strategy Fundamentals

• A cloud strategy refers to a comprehensive plan for how an organization will adopt,
integrate, and manage cloud computing services. It involves defining objectives, selecting
the right cloud services, and setting the path for migration, governance, and optimization.

Cloud Adoption Model

• Private Cloud: Cloud infrastructure dedicated to a single organization, offering more

control and security but requiring higher investment.

• Public Cloud: Cloud services provided by third-party providers (like AWS, Azure, or
Google Cloud), offering scalability and cost-efficiency but with less control.

• Hybrid Cloud: A mix of private and public cloud, allowing flexibility in managing
workloads across both environments.

• Multi-Cloud: Using multiple cloud services from different providers to avoid vendor lock-
in and enhance resilience.

Business Objectives and Use Cases:

• Aligning cloud adoption with business goals like cost reduction, innovation, scalability, or
geographical expansion.

• Identifying specific use cases like disaster recovery, web hosting, machine learning, or big
data analytics.

Cloud Governance and Security

• Defining policies for cloud resource usage, security standards, data privacy, compliance
(GDPR, HIPAA), and user access.

• Implementing tools for monitoring, auditing, and managing cloud environments to ensure
cost optimization and risk mitigation.

Cost Management and Optimization

• Estimating costs associated with different cloud models and services.

• Using cloud-native cost management tools to track and optimize spending.

• Setting up policies for cost control, like automatic scaling, usage restrictions, or reserved
instances.
Cloud Migration Strategy

• Rehost (Lift and Shift): Moving applications and data as-is from on-premise to cloud.

• Refactor: Modifying applications for better performance in the cloud.

• Rebuild: Redesigning applications for a cloud-native architecture.

• Replace: Replacing legacy systems with cloud-based solutions.

Cloud Skills and Training

• Ensuring your team has the necessary skills to manage and optimize cloud technologies.

• Training in cloud architecture, security practices, and management tools.

Cloud Vendor and Service Selection

• Deciding whether to rely on a single cloud provider or multiple providers (multi-cloud

approach).

• Selecting providers based on service offerings, geographic availability, reliability, and

pricing.

Performance Monitoring and Optimization

• Continuously monitoring cloud environments to ensure performance, uptime, and cost-

effectiveness.

• Implementing auto-scaling, load balancing, and disaster recovery solutions.

Compliance and Data Residency

• Ensuring cloud usage adheres to regulatory requirements (GDPR, PCI-DSS, etc.).

• Managing data residency requirements, particularly in regulated industries, to ensure data

is stored and processed within specific geographic locations.

Future-Readiness and Innovation

• Continuously assessing emerging technologies (e.g., AI, serverless computing, edge

computing) and how they can enhance your cloud strategy.

• Encouraging innovation through flexibility and faster go-to-market capabilities enabled by

the cloud.
 Cloud Policy in Cloud Service Management

Security Policies:

• Security is a critical concern in cloud service management. Security policies define:

• Access control: Who can access cloud resources and what level of access they have (e.g.,
role-based access control).

• Data encryption: Guidelines for encrypting data at rest and in transit.

• Threat detection: Implementation of security monitoring and intrusion detection.

• Incident response: Procedures for handling security breaches and data leaks.
Compliance and Regulatory Policies

• Organizations must comply with industry regulations and legal requirements when using
cloud services. Policies should ensure adherence to:

• GDPR (General Data Protection Regulation) for data privacy in the EU.

• HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act) for healthcare data
protection.

• ISO 27001 for information security management systems.

• SOC 2 for cloud security and data protection best practices.

Data Governance Policies

• These policies manage how data is stored, accessed, and shared in the cloud. They cover:
• Data classification: Identifying sensitive, public, and confidential data.

• Data retention: Defining how long data is stored and when it should be deleted.
 • Backup and disaster recovery: Ensuring regular data backups and a recovery plan in case
of failure.

Cost Management Policies

• Cloud resources are billed based on usage, so organizations need cost policies to optimize
spending. Policies include:

• Resource allocation: Assigning cloud resources efficiently to avoid waste.

• Budget controls: Setting spending limits and alerts for cloud usage.

• Autoscaling policies: Enabling or disabling cloud resources based on demand.

Performance and Availability Policies

• To ensure cloud services run efficiently, policies should define:

• Service Level Agreements (SLAs): Guarantees for uptime, performance, and reliability
from cloud providers.

• Monitoring and logging: Continuous tracking of cloud performance metrics.

• Redundancy and failover: Ensuring high availability and disaster recovery mechanisms.

Identity and Access Management (IAM) Policies

• IAM policies ensure that only authorized users and services have access to cloud resources.
These policies include:

• Multi-factor authentication (MFA): Requiring additional verification for login.

• Least privilege principle: Granting users only the necessary permissions.

• Single Sign-On (SSO): Allowing users to access multiple cloud applications with a single
login.

Cloud Usage and Governance Policies

These policies define how cloud resources are used and governed within an organization. They
include:

• Cloud vendor selection criteria: Guidelines for choosing cloud providers (AWS, Azure,
Google Cloud).

• Multi-cloud and hybrid cloud strategies: Rules for using multiple cloud providers or
integrating with on-premise infrastructure.

• Shadow IT management: Controlling unauthorized cloud usage by employees.

 Key Drivers for Cloud Computing Adoption

• Organizations across industries are rapidly adopting cloud computing due to its flexibility,
scalability, and cost-effectiveness.

• According to the Infosys Cloud Radar, cloud adoption can boost profit growth by as much
as 11.2 per cent.
Cost Efficiency

• Lower capital expenses (CapEx): No need for heavy investments in on-premise

hardware.

• Pay-as-you-go model: Organizations only pay for what they use, reducing waste.

• Reduced operational expenses (OpEx): Cloud providers handle maintenance, updates,

and security.

Scalability & Flexibility

• On-demand scaling: Instantly increase or decrease computing resources based on

demand.

• Global reach: Deploy applications worldwide without investing in multiple data centers.

• Support for remote work: Employees can access cloud services from anywhere.

Business Agility & Innovation

• Faster time to market: Develop, test, and deploy applications quickly.

• Cloud-native development: Use microservices, containers, and serverless computing for

agility.

• Seamless integration: Easily connect with AI, IoT, and big data technologies.

Security & Compliance

• Advanced security measures: Encryption, identity management, and AI-powered threat

detection.

• Automatic updates & patching: Cloud providers manage security updates and
compliance.

• Compliance certifications: Built-in support for GDPR, HIPAA, ISO 27001, and SOC2.

Data Storage & Management

• Unlimited storage: Easily store and retrieve massive amounts of data.

• Backup & disaster recovery: Minimize data loss with built-in redundancy and recovery
options.

• Data analytics & AI: Leverage cloud-based analytics for better decision-making.
Digital Transformation & Remote Work

• Cloud-based collaboration tools: Microsoft 365, Google Workspace, and Slack enable
remote work.

• Hybrid & multi-cloud strategies: Companies can combine public, private, and on-
premise infrastructure.

• Support for automation: AI and machine learning enhance business processes.

Sustainability & Green IT

• Energy-efficient data centers: Cloud providers use optimized infrastructure for lower
carbon footprints.

• Shared resources: Reduces the need for individual companies to maintain power-hungry
data centers.

• Paperless operations: Cloud solutions minimize physical document usage.

Summary:

• Increasing business agility:IT resources can be acquired and deployed more quickly and,
once deployed, they can be increased or decreased as needed to meet the demand.

• Reducing cost – This is definitely one of the key drivers behind Cloud adoption.

• Enforcing mobility - self-configurable and cost effective. Cloud computing is enabling

employees to work at any place, at any time, and on any device.

• Improving productivity:Use of Cloud-based tools for email, instant messaging, voice

communication, information sharing and development, event scheduling, and
conferencing is becoming an increasingly common feature of business life.

• Creating new business avenues as Iaas or paas or saas provider

 Cloud Risk Management

• Cloud risk management is a process used to find, evaluate, and reduce the risks of using
cloud computing services.

• Businesses take a proactive approach with risk management to protect their applications,
data, and infrastructure from potential threats.
Common Cloud Security Risks

Misconfiguration

• Cloud security settings are foundational to your cloud environment and can also be a
significant culprit for data breaches. Small misconfigurations can leave large
vulnerabilities, such as exposed sensitive data or easier entry points for unauthorized
access.

Data Breaches

• Cloud environments are attractive to cybercriminals because of how much data can be
stored there.

• If you don’t understand what your security responsibilities are in relation to your cloud
provider (more on the shared responsibility model below), you may be leaving your data
open to infiltration.

Unauthorized Access

• The two most prevalent attack vectors in 2023 included phishing and stolen or
compromised credentials. When hackers gain access to credentials, they can quickly work
 their way into other systems and may even lock the rest of your organization out of part or
all of your data and applications with a ransomware attack.

Insecure APIs/Interfaces

• Cloud applications rely on application programming interfaces (APIs) to operate.

However, if an API is not adequately secured, it can result in vulnerabilities that bad actors
can use to reach sensitive data or impact the functionality of your systems.

Lack of Visibility

• It can be hard to understand your security risks if you can’t see your entire cloud
environment.

• Without the right tools and processes in place, businesses may not be able to effectively
monitor their cloud environments and identify suspicious activity.

These steps are referred to as Risk Management Process and are as follows:

• Identify the risk

• Analyze the risk

• Evaluate the risk

• Treat the risk

• Monitor or Review the risk

• Identify the risk - The organization should uncover, recognize and describe risks that
might affect the working environment.

• Some risks in cloud computing include cloud vendor risks, operational risks, legal risks,
and attacker risks.

• Analyze the risk - After the identification of the risk, the scope of the risk is analyzed. The
likelihood and the consequences of the risks are determined.

• In the analysis phase, the organization develops an understanding of the nature of risk and
its potential to affect organization goals and objectives.

• Evaluate the risk - The risks are further ranked based on the severity of the impact they
create on information security and the probability of actualizing. The organization then
decides whether the risk is acceptable, or it is serious enough to call for treatment.

• Treat the risk - In this step, the highest-ranked risks are treated to eliminate or modified
to achieve an acceptable level. Risk mitigation strategies and preventive plans are set out
 to minimize the probability of negative risks and enhance opportunities. The security
controls are implemented in the cloud system and are assessed by proper assessment
procedures to determine if security controls are effective to produce the desired outcome.

• Monitor or Review the risk - Monitor the security controls in the cloud infrastructure on
a regular basis including assessing control effectiveness, documenting changes to the
system and the working environment. Part of the mitigation plan includes following up on
risks to continuously monitor and track new and existing risks.

• The steps of risk management process should be executed concurrently, by individuals or

teams in well-defined organizational roles, as part of the System Development Life
Cycle (SDLC) process.

• Apart from these risks, cloud computing possesses various security risks bound under 2
main categories.

• Internal Security Risks : Misconfiguration of settings, Malicious Insiders

• External Security Risks : Unauthorized Access, Accounts Hijacking, Insecure APIs

Potential Consequences of Inadequate Risk Management

• Data breaches: Data breaches can be incredibly damaging to your business. They cost
organizations, on average, $4.45 million. Plus, 82% of breaches included data stored in the
cloud.

• Financial losses: Financial losses tied up in the cost of a data breach include lost business,
labor costs associated with identifying and mitigating the breach, regulatory fines, legal
costs, and more.

• Compliance issues: Some industries are required to abide by certain data

privacy regulations. If your organization has inadequate measures in place, you may face
regulatory consequences.

• Reputational damage: While cloud risk management can improve your reputation, failing
to account for potential risks can result in a damaged reputation and a loss of trust. Some
customers may never come back.

IT Capacity and Utilization

• IT Capacity and Utilization refer to the management and monitoring of resources in a

cloud environment to ensure that the necessary computing power, storage, and network
capabilities are available, while optimizing their usage.
Cloud IT Capacity

• Definition: Cloud IT capacity refers to the amount of resources (such as CPU, memory,
storage, and bandwidth) that are available in a cloud environment to handle workloads.
 • Types of Cloud Resources:

– Compute Capacity: Virtual machines (VMs), containers, or serverless functions

that provide processing power.

– Storage Capacity: Databases, file storage, and object storage for saving data.

– Network Capacity: The bandwidth and connectivity required for data transfer
between cloud services or end-users.

• Provisioning Capacity:

– Elastic Scaling: Cloud platforms can automatically scale resources up or down to

meet demand. This is often done using Auto-scaling policies based on certain
triggers like CPU usage, memory usage, or custom metrics.

– On-Demand and Reserved Instances: Cloud providers offer the ability to choose
between on-demand (pay-as-you-go) or reserved (long-term commitment)
instances.

Cloud IT Utilization

• Definition: Cloud IT utilization refers to how efficiently the cloud resources are being
used. High utilization indicates that the resources are being effectively leveraged to meet
business needs, while low utilization can lead to wasted resources and higher costs.

• Metrics for Utilization:

– CPU Utilization: Measures the percentage of CPU capacity in use. Low CPU
utilization could indicate that the instance is oversized for the current workload.

– Memory Utilization: Indicates how much memory is being consumed. High

memory usage could be a sign of insufficient memory or poorly optimized
workloads.

– Storage Utilization: How much storage is being used compared to the available
storage capacity.

– Network Utilization: Measures the amount of network bandwidth being

consumed, which can impact application performance.

Key Strategies for Managing Capacity and Utilization

• Forecasting and Capacity Planning: By analyzing past usage patterns, businesses can
predict future needs and adjust their capacity ahead of time. Tools like AWS Auto Scaling
or Azure Cost Management can help here.

• Monitoring and Analytics: Tools like CloudWatch (AWS), Azure Monitor, or Google
Cloud Operations Suite track resource usage and provide insights into performance,
which is crucial for both capacity planning and utilization optimization.
 • Cost and Performance Trade-offs: Balancing performance with cost, for example by
choosing different instance types (e.g., CPU-optimized or memory-optimized instances)
based on the workload.

Benefits of Cloud Capacity and Utilization Management

• Cost Savings: Proper management ensures that you don’t overpay for unused or
underutilized resources.

• Flexibility and Scalability: Cloud environments allow you to easily scale up or down
based on demand.

• Improved Performance: Efficient resource allocation ensures better application

performance and end-user experience.

• Risk Mitigation: Predictive scaling and proper resource allocation help prevent issues like
system crashes or downtime caused by resource shortages.

Tools for Monitoring Cloud Capacity and Utilization

• AWS: CloudWatch, EC2 Auto Scaling, Trusted Advisor.

• Azure: Azure Monitor, Azure Cost Management.

• Google Cloud: Stackdriver, Cloud Monitoring, Google Cloud Cost Management.

• Third-Party Tools: Tools like CloudHealth or CloudBolt can provide more cross-cloud
visibility.
Demand and capacity matching

• "Demand and capacity matching in the cloud" refers to the practice of aligning the amount
of cloud computing resources available (capacity) with the actual usage needs (demand)
of an organization, ensuring they have enough resources to meet current and anticipated
workloads without overspending on unused capacity;

• this is typically achieved through features like auto-scaling, which dynamically adjust
resources based on real-time demand fluctuations.

Benefits of Demand and capacity matching:

• it can improve your performance and user experience, by avoiding issues such as latency,
downtime, or errors.

• Second, it can reduce your costs, by optimizing your resource utilization and avoiding
overprovisioning or underprovisioning.

• Third, it can enhance your sustainability, by minimizing your environmental impact and
carbon footprint.

Demand and capacity matching challenges

• first estimate how much traffic, data, and processing power you will need at different times
and scenarios, which can be affected by seasonality, trends, events, or user behavior.
 • Then you need to decide how much resources to allocate to your cloud services such as
compute, storage, network, or memory, taking into account availability, performance,
reliability, or security.

• Finally, you need to monitor your usage by tracking how much resources you are using
and comparing them to your demand and capacity with the help of metrics, alerts,
dashboards, or reports.

Demand and capacity matching – strategies

• Scaling, resizing, and scheduling are used for demand and capacity matching

• With scaling, you can adjust your capacity up or down manually, automatically, or
dynamically.

• Resizing allows you to change the size or type of resources vertically or horizontally.
Vertical resizing involves increasing or decreasing the power of resources like CPU, RAM,
disk. Horizontal resizing involves adding or removing the number of resources

• Scheduling can help you reduce costs and improve efficiency by turning off or on resources
when needed

Demand and capacity matching – Tools

• Amazon Web Services offers Auto Scaling, EC2 Instance Types, CloudWatch, and Trusted
Advisor.

• Microsoft Azure offers Azure Autoscale, Virtual Machine Sizes, Azure Monitor, and Azure
Advisor.

• Google Cloud offers Cloud Run, Compute Engine Machine Types, Cloud Monitoring, and
Cloud Recommendations AI. These tools can help you match your cloud demand and
capacity.
Demand and capacity matching - Measuring success

• Cost can be measured through billing reports, cost management, or cost optimization.

• Performance can be measured with latency, throughput, availability, or error rate.

• Sustainability can be monitored with carbon emissions, energy efficiency, or renewable

energy.
Demand Queuing

• Demand queuing is a method used to handle incoming tasks or requests in a structured

manner.

• Instead of processing each task immediately upon arrival, the tasks are placed in a queue.

• This queue acts as a buffer, allowing for controlled processing and resource allocation,
which is particularly important in cloud environments where resources are shared among
multiple users and applications.
 1. Request Arrival

Cloud services receive requests from users and applications for various tasks such as
data processing, storage operations, computational tasks, or software execution. These tasks
contribute to the overall workload of the cloud infrastructure.

2. Queue Formation
Upon receiving a task, cloud services place it in a queue. The queue functions as
a temporary storage area, ensuring that tasks are processed in an orderly manner rather
than overwhelming the system with simultaneous processing attempts.
3. Priority Assignment

• Demand queuing enables tasks to be assigned priorities based on factors such as business
criticality, user expectations, or defined service level agreements (SLAs).

4. Resource Allocation

• Cloud environments encompass a pool of resources such as virtual machines,

storage capacities, and network bandwidth.

• Demand queuing facilitates the allocation of these resources based on task priorities.
High-priority tasks receive more resources to ensure prompt processing.

5. Scheduling Algorithms

• These algorithms consider task priorities, estimated execution times, resource

availability, and fairness criteria.

• Common algorithms include First-Come-First-Served (FCFS), Round Robin, and

Priority Scheduling.

6. Scalability Implementation

• Cloud services are designed to scale resources up or down based on demand

fluctuations.

• This dynamic resource provisioning maintains performance levels and prevents

processing delays.
7. Load Balancing
 • load balancing mechanisms distribute incoming tasks evenly.

• This ensures that no single resource is overwhelmed, promoting resource utilization

efficiency and balanced performance.
8. Monitoring and Analytics

• Effective demand queuing requires continuous monitoring of queue lengths, task

processing times, and resource utilization.

Benefits of Demand Queuing

• Resource Efficiency

• Enhanced User Experience

• Scalability and Flexibility

• Meeting SLAs

• Cost Savings
Change Management

• Cloud change management refers to the policies, strategies, and people that help move a
company’s digital assets from on-site to cloud-based computing systems.

• It focuses on minimizing risks, ensuring alignment with business objectives, and adapting
traditional change management practices to the dynamic and scalable nature of cloud
computing environments.

• Some of the common steps in change management process include:

• Define a vision, strategy, and plan

• Develop a communication strategy

• Allocate resources and create change teams

• Ensure that employees have the necessary knowledge and training

• Implement, manage, and lead the change program

• Reinforce change to ensure that the changes remain permanent

• Elements such as vision, communication, resource allocation, training, and

implementation play crucial roles in the success of cloud migration projects.

Technical complexity

• Cloud change management deals with complicated technical challenges arising from the
dynamic nature and diverse architectures of cloud environments.

Organizational adaptation

• Aligning existing organizational structures with cloud change management poses a

substantial challenge.
 • Translating traditional IT change management to the cloud proves complex, requiring
navigation of role changes, skill gaps, and the redefinition of responsibilities.

• Resistance to change and cultural shifts hinder effective cloud-related change

implementation.

Cultural shifts

• Introducing cloud change management necessitates a cultural shift towards collaboration,

innovation, and agility.

• Overcoming resistance, addressing job displacement fears, and breaking away from
established practices are obstacles to the cultural transformation vital for successful cloud
adoption.

Agility and pace of change

• Cloud environments’ inherent agility challenges traditional change management designed

for a slower release cycle—the rapid deployment and updates in the cloud demand
continuous adaptation. Striking a balance between agility and the need for control becomes
a critical challenge in cloud change management.
Vendor dependencies and external factors

• External dependencies on cloud service providers add complexity beyond an

organization’s control. Managing changes amidst third-party release schedules, potential
service disruptions, and adherence to their change management practices requires
negotiation and alignment with internal processes.

Cloud change management strategies for a successful digital transformation

• To meet these challenges, organizations can rely on several established practices to support
risk management, facilitate the deployment process, and continuously monitor the impact
of the change.

Check list before Cloud Migration:

• Establish clear business objectives for the cloud transformation project

• Conduct a comprehensive assessment of existing systems, applications, and data to

determine migration suitability

• Prioritize migration of workloads based on business criticality

• Ensure data security and compliance

• Assemble a skilled and cross-functional migration team

• Conduct pilot migrations to validate the migration plan and identify issues

• Implement strong backup and disaster recovery processes

• Monitor and manage costs by optimizing resources

• Document and support the migration process

 • Maintain documentation and have a plan for post-migration support

Cloud Service Architecture

• Cloud service architecture refers to the design and structure of cloud computing systems,
which are used to deliver IT resources and services over the internet.

• a) Service consumption

• b) Service usage and billing

Service consumption:

• Organizations access and utilize cloud services.

• It involves consuming various cloud resources (e.g., computing power, storage, databases,
applications, etc.) that are provided on-demand by cloud service providers (CSPs).

Service usage and billing:

• service usage refers to how resources and services are consumed by the user or
organization, while billing is how the cloud provider charges for those services based on
their usage.
• The combination of service usage and billing is central to cloud computing’s pay-as-you-
go model, where customers are charged for what they use rather than fixed costs.
 • The amount of compute power used is typically measured in terms of the instance size,
CPU, RAM, and the time the instance runs.
• Typically, you’re billed by the hour or minute based on the size of the instance and the time
it’s running. Additional costs may apply for features like load balancing or higher
performance

Service security:

• service security refers to the measures, protocols, and practices that protect data,
applications, and infrastructure from unauthorized access, misuse, and threats in cloud
environments.

Service monitoring:

• Service monitoring involves tracking the health, performance, and availability of services
and resources in the cloud.

Service control:

• Service control involves the management, automation, and enforcement of policies to

ensure that cloud services are utilized efficiently, securely, and in compliance with
governance standards.

Cloud self-service:

• Cloud self-service is often part of a broader self-service portal or self-service platform,

which allows users to perform actions like setting up virtual machines, managing storage,
deploying applications, and configuring networking with minimal overhead.

Service support :

• Service support ensures that organizations can address issues quickly, ensure smooth
operation, and optimize their cloud environments for performance, cost-efficiency, and
security.

Service Function:

• Service Function in the context of cloud computing refers to the specific capabilities,
operations, or tasks that a cloud service is designed to perform.
• These functions are the core offerings of cloud services, which may range from providing
computing resources to managing data or enabling development environments.

Service Economics :

• Service Economics refers to the financial aspects of adopting, using, and maintaining cloud
services, including the cost structure, pricing models, and overall value proposition of
cloud solutions for organizations.

Service chain entity

• Service chain entity refers to a set of interconnected services or components that work
together to deliver a specific functionality or application.
Benefits of cloud services
1.Cost Efficiency

Pay-as-you-go: Cloud services typically use a pay-per-use model, which means you only pay
for the resources you actually use, such as compute power, storage, or network bandwidth.
2. Scalability and Flexibility

Elasticity: Cloud platforms provide flexible, on-demand resource scaling. Whether it’s
storage, processing power, or networking capacity, cloud services can scale based on real-time
needs, so you can adjust resources dynamically as workloads increase or decrease.
3. Business Continuity and Disaster Recovery:

Data Redundancy: Cloud providers replicate data across multiple data centers, which ensures
business continuity in case of disasters.
4. Security and Compliance:

Cloud service providers invest heavily in security measures to protect data. Features include
encryption, identity and access management, firewalls, multi-factor authentication (MFA), and
monitoring tools to detect vulnerabilities

5.Collaboration and Accessibility:

Cloud services allow users to access data and applications from anywhere with an internet
connection, which promotes remote work and collaboration across geographically distributed
teams.

6. Automatic Updates and Maintenance:

Cloud providers handle the maintenance of infrastructure, software patches, and security
updates.

7. Simplified IT Management:
Cloud platforms often provide centralized dashboards and management consoles that allow
users to monitor, manage, and configure resources efficiently without the need for complex on-
site management.