Mini-Project-electronic Circuit
Mini-Project-electronic Circuit
Project Report
Semester: Spring-2024
Course Title: Electronic Circuits
Course Code: CSE251
Sec: 04
Project Name: Design of a Triangular wave generator using an Operational Amplifier for a
specified input.
Group No: 01
Group Members:
Student Name Student Id
Monsurul Hoque Akib 2022-1-60-088
MD. Nafis Mahamud Sarker 2022-1-60-075
Pranto Mondol 2022-1-60-129
Soyoda Meenmoy 2022-1-60-350
Submitted to-
Dr. Sarwar Jahan
Associate Professor
Department of Computer Science & Engineering East
West University
- The input sine wave should be 10Vpp with a 9V DC offset (4V to 14V peak).
2. Integrator:
- Convert the square wave to a triangular wave using an op-amp integrator circuit.
1. Comparator Configuration:
- The reference voltage should be halfway between the peak values of the sine wave.
Integrator Configuration
Integrator Op-Amp:
- Inverting input connected to the output of the comparator through \( R_1 \).
R_1 = 10 kΩ
R_2 = 10 kΩ
R_3 = 10 kΩ
C = 0.1 µF
- Configure the function generator to output a 10 Vpp sine wave with a 9V DC offset (4V to 14V
peak).
Comparator Circuit:
- Connect the sine wave output to the non-inverting input (pin 3) of the op-amp.
- Optionally, add ( R_3 ) (10 kΩ) between the output (pin 6) and the inverting input (pin 2) for
hysteresis.
- Power the op-amp with +15V and -15V (to ensure sufficient range for the output swing).
Integrator Circuit:
- Connect the output of the comparator to the inverting input (pin 2) of the integrator through (
R_1 ) (10 kΩ).
- Connect ( R_2 ) (10 kΩ) between the inverting input (pin 2) and the output (pin 6) of the integrator
op-amp.
- Connect ( C ) (0.1 µF) between the inverting input (pin 2) and the output (pin 6) of the integrator
op-amp.
- Observe the waveforms on the oscilloscope. Adjust the time base and voltage scale as needed to
view the waveforms clearly.
Output (pin 6) -> Connected to ( R_1 ) (10 kΩ) and optionally to ( R_3 ) (10 kΩ) for feedback.
Oscilloscope Connections:
In this project, we designed a triangular wave generator using two LM741 operational amplifiers,
configured as a comparator and an integrator. The circuit begins with a comparator that converts a
10V peak-to-peak sine wave, centered at 9V DC, into a square wave. This configuration ensures
the input sine wave, oscillating between 4V and 14V, is compared against a 9V reference,
producing a stable square wave output. This square wave is then fed into an integrator circuit,
where a 10 kΩ resistor and a 0.1 µF capacitor determine the rate of integration. The integrator
converts the square wave into a triangular wave. Key components, including the 10 kΩ resistors
and the 0.1 µF capacitor, were chosen to match the desired frequency and amplitude characteristics.
This setup ensures efficient conversion of the input signal into a precise triangular waveform,
demonstrating the effective use of op-amps in waveform generation applications.