Scribd
Upload
16 views8 pages

Ilovepdf Merged

The project proposal outlines the development of an AC Power Management System that monitors voltage, current, and power consumption, with the ability to cut off power to non-essential loads. It includes components like microcontrollers, sensors, and displays, and features such as automatic power factor correction and overvoltage/undervoltage protection. The system aims to enhance energy efficiency and protect electrical appliances in various applications, including industrial and residential settings.

Uploaded by

Samin Yasar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
16 views8 pages

Ilovepdf Merged

The project proposal outlines the development of an AC Power Management System that monitors voltage, current, and power consumption, with the ability to cut off power to non-essential loads. It includes components like microcontrollers, sensors, and displays, and features such as automatic power factor correction and overvoltage/undervoltage protection. The system aims to enhance energy efficiency and protect electrical appliances in various applications, including industrial and residential settings.

Uploaded by

Samin Yasar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 8

Project Proposal

Electric Circuits 2 LAB (AC)


Group 7

Section: E
Topics:

1. AC Power Management System

To monitor AC voltage, current, and power consumption, and optionally cut off
power to non-essential loads when consumption exceeds a set limit.

Core Functionalities:

Monitor Voltage, Current, Power (Real, Apparent, Power Factor).

Display data on LCD or OLED screen.

Control relays to turn off specific loads when a threshold is crossed.

Equipment and Components List:

Component Specification/Use

Microcontroller Arduino Uno/Nano or ESP32


Current Sensor SCT-013-000 (non-invasive current transformer)
Voltage Sensor ZMPT101B module (AC voltage measurement)
Display 16x2 LCD (I2C) or 0.96" OLED display
Relay Module 1/2/4 channel 5V relay (for load control)
Buzzer/LED For alert or warning on overload
Power Supply 5V or 12V DC power adapter for Arduino
Resistors/Capacitors For filtering and signal conditioning
Diodes (1N4007) For protection and rectification if needed
AC Bulb or Fan (Load) For testing load switching
Wires, Breadboard, PCB For circuit construction
Multimeter For testing and calibration
Clamp Meter (optional) For cross-verifying current readings
Basic Circuit Blocks:

1. Voltage Sensing Block

ZMPT101B → Analog pin of Arduino → Measures RMS Voltage

2. Current Sensing Block

SCT-013-000 → Burden resistor → Analog pin → Measures RMS Current

3. Power Calculation Block

Code calculates power = Voltage × Current × Power Factor

4. Display Block

LCD or OLED shows Voltage, Current, Power, Power Factor

5. Relay Control Block

If power > set limit → Arduino triggers relay to cut off non-essential load

4. Optional Features:

SD Card Module: Log power data

Bluetooth/Wi-Fi Module (ESP32): Send data to phone app or cloud

Mobile App Interface: View real-time consumption


1. Automatic Power Factor Controller (APFC)

Objective:

To measure the power factor of an AC load and automatically correct it using capacitor
banks by reducing the phase difference between voltage and current.

Applications:

2. Industrial motors
3. Commercial buildings
4. Small factories with inductive loads

System Overview:

1. Measure Power Factor using current and voltage sensors.

2. Calculate Phase Angle and determine whether correction is needed.

3. Switch Capacitor Banks ON/OFF using relays to compensate reactive power.

4. Display Real-Time Values on an LCD or OLED.


Required Components:

Component Description

Microcontroller Arduino Uno or Nano

Current Sensor SCT-013 (non-invasive AC current sensor)

Voltage Sensor ZMPT101B module

LCD Display 16x2 with I2C or 0.96" OLED

Relay Module (2/4 CH) To switch capacitor banks

Capacitor Bank Electrolytic/film capacitors (e.g., 2.2μF to


10μF)

Zero-Crossing Detector For accurate phase angle measurement

Power Supply 5V or 12V for Arduino and relays

Resistors/Capacitors For filtering and signal conditioning

Wires/Breadboard/PCB For circuit assembly

Basic Working Steps:

1. Voltage and current sensors feed data into the Arduino.

2. Arduino calculates:

RMS Voltage and Current

Phase Difference

Power Factor = cos(θ)


Topics:

Overvoltage and Undervoltage Protection System

Objective:

To protect electrical appliances from damage by disconnecting the power supply


automatically when the AC voltage goes beyond safe limits, and reconnecting it
when voltage returns to normal.

How It Works:

The system constantly monitors AC voltage using a voltage sensor.

If voltage drops below or rises above a set threshold:

The system trips a relay and disconnects the load.


Once the voltage returns to a safe range, the relay is reactivated.

Applications:

Home protection during power surges or brownouts


Industrial motor protection
Stabilizer units
Components Required:

Component Description

Microcontroller Arduino Uno/Nano


Voltage Sensor ZMPT101B AC Voltage Sensor Module
Relay Module (1/2 CH) To switch the AC load
16x2 LCD or OLED Display To show voltage status
Buzzer or LED For alert/indication
AC Bulb or Fan As a test load
Power Supply 5V or 12V DC for Arduino and relay
Resistors & Capacitors For signal filtering
Enclosure For safety and aesthetics

Working Voltage Range (Example):

Undervoltage limit: 180V AC


Overvoltage limit: 250V AC
Load stays connected between 180V–250V
If voltage is <180V or >250V, relay disconnects the load

You might also like