DHOLE PATIL EDUCATION SOCIETY’s

DHOLE PATIL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT: E&TC Engg CLASS: BE

SEMESTER: VII SUBJECT: MIOT

NAME: ROLL NO.:

PER. DATE: SUB. DATE:

CHECKED: DATE:

EXPERIMENT NO: 01

TITLE: Study of Raspberry Pi, Arduino, and different operating systems for them.

AIM/ OBJECTIVES: Understanding the process of OS installation on Raspberry Pi/Arduino

REQUIREMENT:
SOFTWARE: Arduino IDE, Noobs OS
HARDWARE/EQUIPMENT: Arduino Board, Raspberry Pi Board

THEORY:
Arduino:
An Arduino board consists of an Atmel 8-bit AVR microcontroller with complementary
components that facilitate programming and incorporation into other circuits.
It's an open-source physical computing platform based on a simple microcontroller board,
and a development environment for writing software for the board.

DPCOE/E&TC MIOT 1
 Fig.1 Arduino UNO

Specification of Arduino Uno:

▪ Microcontroller : ATmega328P
▪ Operating Voltage :5V
▪ Input Voltage (recommended) :7-12V
▪ Input Voltage (limit) :6-20V
▪ Digital I/O Pins :14 (of which 6 provide PWM output)
▪ Analog Input Pins :6
▪ DC Current per I/O Pin :20 mA
▪ DC Current for 3.3V Pin :50 mA
▪ Flash Memory :32 KB (ATmega328P) of which 0.5 KB used by bootloader
▪ SRAM :2 KB (ATmega328P)
▪ EEPROM :1 KB (ATmega328P)
▪ Clock Speed :16 MHz
▪ LED_BUILTIN :13

Raspberry Pi :
The Raspberry Pi is a series of small single-board computers developed in the United
Kingdom by the Raspberry Pi Foundation to promote the teaching of basic computer science
in schools and in developing countries.
The original model became far more popular than anticipated, selling outside of its target
market for uses such as robotics.
Over 5 million Raspberry Pis have been sold before February 2015, making it the best-selling
British computer. By November 2016 they had sold 11 million units.

DPCOE/E&TC MIOT 2
 Fig.2 Raspberry Pi 3 B+
Operating Systems:
▪ The Foundation provides Raspbian, a Debian based Linux distribution for download,
as well as third party Ubuntu, Windows 10 IOT Core, RISC OS, and specialised
media center distributions.
▪ It promotes Python and Scratch as the main programming language, with support for
many other languages.
▪ The default firmware is closed source, while an unofficial open source is available.

Fig.3 Symbol of Operating Systems

DPCOE/E&TC MIOT 3
Peripherals:

Fig.4 Peripherals required for assembling

Fig.5 Setup of the Raspberry Pi

Procedure to install the Operating System:
▪ Install the SD Formatter software in Computer/Laptop
▪ Insert the micro SD card into the card reader and connect it to Computer/Laptop
▪ Select correct drive & format the SD card
▪ Download the OS from official web site of raspberry pi
▪ https://www.raspberrypi.org/downloads/noobs/
▪ Download zip file
▪ Extract the zip file into SD card
▪ Insert the micro SD card into the slot on the underside of the Pi
▪ Plug in keyboard and mouse
▪ Plug in monitor using the HDMI port
▪ The Raspberry Pi doesn’t have a power button. It boots up as soon as you plug in the
power supply

DPCOE/E&TC MIOT 4
 ▪ If you’ve completed all the previous steps, plug in the power supply to boot the
Raspberry Pi

CONCLUSION:

Video Links: Introduction to Arduino: https://youtu.be/XuKrmErjYmk

Raspberry Pi OS: https://youtu.be/ntZToUT03dQ

DPCOE/E&TC MIOT 5
 DHOLE PATIL EDUCATION SOCIETY’s
DHOLE PATIL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT: E&TC Engg CLASS:BE

SEMESTER: VII SUBJECT:MIOT

NAME: ROLL NO.:

PER. DATE: SUB. DATE:

CHECKED: DATE:
EXPERIMENT NO: 02

TITLE: Open-source prototype platform- Raspberry-Pi/Beagle board/Arduino -Simple

program digital read/write using LED and Switch -Analog read/write using sensor and actuators.

AIM/ OBJECTIVES: Understand the connection and configuration of General Purpose Input
Output (GPIO) and its use in programming.
1 Write an application for the use of push switches and LEDs.
2 Write an application for Analog input and analog output

REQUIREMENT:
• SOFTWARE: Arduino IDE
• HARDWARE/EQUIPMENT: Arduino Board, LED, Push Button

THEORY: LED:
A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor light source that emits light when current
flows through it. Electrons in the semiconductor recombine with holes, releasing energy in
the form of photons. The color of the light (corresponding to the energy of the photons) is
determined by the energy required for electrons to cross the band gap of the semiconductor.
A push-button or simply button is a simple switch mechanism to control some aspect of a
machine or a process. Buttons are typically made out of hard material, usually plastic or
metal. The surface is usually flat or shaped to accommodate the human finger or hand, so as
to be easily depressed or pushed. Buttons are most often biased switches, although many
unbiased buttons (due to their physical nature) still require a spring to return to their un-
pushed state. Terms for the "pushing" of a button include pressing depressing, mashing,
slapping, hitting, and punching

DPCOE/E&TC MIOT 6
PROCEDURE:
• Make the connection as per the circuit diagram
• Open Arduino IDE
• Select the Arduino Board
• Select the Arduino Port
• Write code in Editor Window and save the file
• Compile the code
• Upload the code

CIRCUIT/BLOCK DIAGRAM:

Fig.1 Interfacing of LED

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 Fig.2 Interfacing of Push Button

Fig3 Analog Input

DPCOE/E&TC MIOT 8
PROGRAM CODE:
/* 1. Digital Read/Write*/

#define ledPin 13 // choose the pin for the LED

#define switchPin 8 // choose the input pin (for a pushbutton)

int val = 0; // variable for reading the pin status

void setup()
{
pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT); // declare LED as output
pinMode(switchPin, INPUT); // declare pushbutton as input
}

void loop()
{
val = digitalRead(switchPin); // read input value
if (val == HIGH)
{ // check if the input is HIGH (button released)
digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW); // turn LED OFF
}
else {
digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH); // turn LED ON
}
}

DPCOE/E&TC MIOT 9
/* 2. Analog Read
*/
/* Reads an analog input on pin 0, prints the result to the Serial Monitor. Graphical
representation is available using Serial Plotter (Tools > Serial Plotter menu). Attach
the center pin of a potentiometer to pin A0, and the outside pins to +5V and ground.*/
// the setup routine runs once when you press reset:
void setup() {
// initialize serial communication at 9600 bits per second:
Serial.begin(9600);
}
// the loop routine runs over and over again forever:
void loop() {
// read the input on analog pin 0:
int sensorValue = analogRead(A0);
// print out the value you read:
Serial.println(sensorValue);
delay(100); // delay in between reads for stability
}

/* 3. Analog Read/Write*/
int PWM_Output = 10;
void setup() {
pinMode(PWM_Output,OUTPUT);
}
void loop() {
int analogValue = analogRead(A0)
//for(int i=0;i <255; i++)
{
analogWrite(PWM_Output,analogValue);
//analogWrite(PWM_Output,i);
delay(100);
}}

DPCOE/E&TC MIOT 10
OBSERVATIONS:
INPUT(Pin7) OUTPUT(pin 13)

Digital Read/Write

ANALOG INPUT OUTPUT Count/Voltage

Analog Read/Write

CONCLUSION:

DPCOE/E&TC MIOT 11
 DHOLE PATIL EDUCATION SOCIETY’s
DHOLE PATIL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT: E&TC Engg CLASS: BE

SEMESTER: VII SUBJECT: MIOT

NAME: ROLL NO.:

PER. DATE: SUB. DATE:

CHECKED: DATE:
EXPERIMENT NO: 03

TITLE: Interfacing sensors and actuators with Arduino/Raspberry-pi.

AIM/ OBJECTIVES:
Study of different sensors: - Temperature sensor, IR sensor, Ultrasonic sensor

REQUIREMENT:
• SOFTWARE: Arduino IDE

• HARDWARE/EQUIPMENT: Arduino Board, LM 35 Temp. Sensor, IR

Sensor, Ultrasonic Sensor

THEORY:
LM 35 Temperature Sensor: LM35 is a temperature measuring device having an analog
output voltage proportional to the temperature. It provides output voltage in Centigrade
(Celsius). It does not require any external calibration circuitry. The sensitivity of LM35 is 10
mV/degree Celsius. As temperature increases, output voltage also increases. E.g. 250 mV
means 25°C. It is a 3-terminal sensor used to measure surrounding temperature ranging from
-55 °C to 150 °C. LM35 gives temperature output which is more precise than thermistor
output.

DPCOE/E&TC MIOT 12
CIRCUIT/BLOCK DIAGRAM:

Fig.1 Interfacing of LM 35

IR Sensor:
IR sensor is an electronic device that emits the light in order to sense some object of the
surroundings. An IR sensor can measure the heat of an object as well as detects the motion.
Usually, in the infrared spectrum, all the objects radiate some form of thermal radiation.
These types of radiations are invisible to our eyes, but infrared sensor can detect these
radiations.

Fig.2 Interfacing of IR Sensor

DPCOE/E&TC MIOT 13
 Ultrasonic Sensor: Ultrasonic sensor is one of the main part of numerous
projects. Here we are going to interface a Ultrasonic sensor HC-SR 05 with
Arduino Uno.
In this practical we discuss,
• Connect a Ultrasonic Sensor HC-SR 05 to Arduino.
• Read the sensor and convert it to length.
• Print the length to the Serial Monitor.
• Before starting we need to know about the working of Ultrasonic
Sensor HC-SR 05. Actually it consist of an ultrasonic transmitter and
an ultrasonic reciver. First ultrasonic transmitter send an ultrasonic
wave. This signal will collide with the object and reflect the signal.
The receiver will receive the reflected signal. The distance calculated
by the time taken to receive the reflected and the speed of sound in
air. The speed of sound in air at room temperature is 340
Meter/Second or 0.034 centimeter/microsecond. The equation for
calculating time is,

Time=Distance/speed of sound

• If the object is 10 CM away from the sensor, You will get the time as
per the equation is, 10/0.034 = 294.11 Microseconds
• But you will get the value from the Echo pin is 588.22. This is
because of the sound wave needs to travel forward and bounce
backward. So we need to devide that value by 2 to get the actual
value(time). Here we want to calculate the distance from the time.
So, re-arrange the equation we will get,

Distance=Time x speed of sound

DPCOE/E&TC MIOT 14
 Fig.3 Interfacing of Ultrasonic Sensor

PROCEDURE:
• Make the connection as per circuit diagram
• Open Arduino IDE
• Select the Arduino Board
• Select the Arduino Port
• Write code in Editor Window and save file
• Compile the code
• Upload the code

DPCOE/E&TC MIOT 15
PROGRAM CODE:
// 1. Interfacing of Temperature Sensor (LM35):
#define sensorPin A0
void setup() {
// Begin serial communication at 9600 baud rate
Serial.begin(9600);
}
void loop() {
// Get the voltage reading from the LM35
int reading = analogRead(sensorPin);

// Convert that reading into voltage

float voltage = reading * (5.0 / 1024.0);

// Convert the voltage into the temperature in Celsius

float temperatureC = voltage * 100;

// Print the temperature in Celsius

Serial.print("Temperature: ");
Serial.print(temperatureC);
Serial.print("\xC2\xB0"); // shows degree symbol
Serial.print("C | ");

// Print the temperature in Fahrenheit

float temperatureF = (temperatureC * 9.0 / 5.0) + 32.0;
Serial.print(temperatureF);
Serial.print("\xC2\xB0"); // shows degree symbol
Serial.println("F");
delay(1000); // wait a second between readings
}
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

DPCOE/E&TC MIOT 16
// 2. Interfacing of IR Sensor:
int ledPin=13;
int inputPin=2;
int val=0;
void setup()
{
pinMode(ledPin,OUTPUT);
pinMode( inputPin, INPUT);
Serial.begin(9600);
}
void loop()
{
val=digitalRead(inputPin); // check the pin status (High=1/Low=0) //Active Low output
if(val==HIGH)
{
Serial.print(“Object Absent\n");
digitalWrite(ledPin,LOW);
}
else
{
Serial.print("Object Present\n");
digitalWrite(ledPin,HIGH);
} }

/*3. Interfacing of Ultrasonic Sensor:

Ultrasonic Sensor HC-SR04 interfacing with Arduino.*/
// defining the pins
const int trigPin = 9;
const int echoPin = 2;
// defining variables
long duration;

DPCOE/E&TC MIOT 17
int distance;
void setup() {
pinMode(trigPin, OUTPUT); // Sets the trigPin as an Output
pinMode(echoPin, INPUT); // Sets the echoPin as an Input
Serial.begin(9600); // Starts the serial communication
}
void loop() {
// Clears the trigPin
digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
delayMicroseconds(2);
// Sets the trigPin on HIGH state for 10 micro seconds
digitalWrite(trigPin, HIGH);
delayMicroseconds(10);
digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
// Reads the echoPin, returns the sound wave travel time in microseconds
duration = pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH);
// Calculating the distance
distance= duration*0.034/2;
// Prints the distance on the Serial Monitor
Serial.print("Distance: ");
Serial.println(distance);
}
OBSERVATIONS:
1. Interfacing of Temperature Sensor (LM35):
Temperature by Sensor Reading Temperature in Temperature in
o
Thermometer oC = (Sensor F =(temperature
o
C )* 9.0 / 5.0) +
Reading) *100* (5.0
/ 1024.0) 32.0;

DPCOE/E&TC MIOT 18
 2. Interfacing of IR Sensor
inputPin Object Status

3. Interfacing of Ultrasonic Sensor

Distance (cm) Duration Distance (cm)=

(microSeconds) duration*0.034/2;

CONCLUSION:

YouTube Video Link:

IR Sensor: https://youtu.be/OEmYIuwg2UA

PIR Sensor: https://youtu.be/K88t3uZSNdY

Ultrasonic Sensor: https://youtu.be/kQBnQK1Leac

Tinkercad Simulation Link:

https://www.tinkercad.com/dashboard?type=circuits&collection=designs

DPCOE/E&TC MIOT 19
 DHOLE PATIL EDUCATION SOCIETY’s
DHOLE PATIL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT: E&TC Engg CLASS: BE

SEMESTER: VII SUBJECT: MIOT

NAME: ROLL NO.:

PER. DATE: SUB. DATE:

CHECKED: DATE:

EXPERIMENT NO: 04

TITLE: IoT based Stepper Motor/DC Motor Control with Arduino/Raspberry Pi.

AIM/ OBJECTIVES: To study the DC Motor interfacing with Arduino

REQUIREMENT:
• SOFTWARE: Arduino IDE

• HARDWARE/EQUIPMENT: Arduino UNO board, PN2222 Transistor, Small 6V

DC Motor, 1N4001 diode, 270 Ω Resistor

THEORY:
We will interface different types of motors with the Arduino board (UNO) and show how
to connect the motor and drive it from the board.

There are three different type of motors −DC motor, Servo motor and Stepper motor
A DC motor (Direct Current motor) is the most common type of motor. DC motors normally
have just two leads, one positive and one negative. If you connect these two leads directly to
a battery, the motor will rotate. If you switch the leads, the motor will rotate in the opposite
direction.

DPCOE/E&TC MIOT 20
CIRCUIT/BLOCK DIAGRAM:
Warning − Do not drive the motor directly from Arduino board pins. This may damage the
board. Use a driver Circuit or driver IC.

PROCEDURE:
Follow the circuit diagram and make the connections as shown in the figure.
The transistor acts like a switch, controlling the power to the motor.
Refer the following code. Arduino pin 3 is used to turn the transistor on and off and is
given the name 'motorPin' in the sketch. Motor will spin in full speed when the Arduino pin
number 3 goes high.
/* 1 Code to spin the motor*/
int motorPin = 3;
void setup() { }
void loop() { digitalWrite(motorPin, HIGH);}

Instead of spinning at full speed, to control the DC motor speed, the code can be written as:
/*2 MOTOR SPEED CONTROL*/
int motorPin = 9;
void setup() {
pinMode(motorPin, OUTPUT);
Serial.begin(9600);

DPCOE/E&TC MIOT 21
 while (! Serial);
Serial.println("Speed 0 to 255");
}
void loop() {
if (Serial.available()) {
int speed = Serial.parseInt();
if (speed >= 0 && speed <= 255) {
analogWrite(motorPin, speed); } }}

/* 3 DC Motor interfacing with Arduino through driver L298N

Speed Control of DC motor using PWM*/
int enable2 = 9;
int in3 = 10;
int in4 = 11;
//int analogValue = 200; //= 100; //Any value between 0 and 255

void setup() {
pinMode(enable2, OUTPUT);
pinMode(in3, OUTPUT);
pinMode(in4, OUTPUT);

DPCOE/E&TC MIOT 22
}

void loop() {
//Clockwise rotation
//analogValue= analogRead(A0) ;
for(int i=255;i > 0; i--)
analogWrite(enable2, i);
digitalWrite(in3, HIGH);
digitalWrite(in4, LOW);
//delay(10000);

//Anti-Clockwise rotation
//analogWrite(enable2, analogValue);
//digitalWrite(in3, LOW);
//digitalWrite(in4, HIGH);
//delay(10000);
}

CONCLUSION:

DPCOE/E&TC MIOT 23
 DHOLE PATIL EDUCATION SOCIETY’s
DHOLE PATIL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT: E&TC Engg CLASS: BE

SEMESTER: VII SUBJECT:MIOT

NAME: ROLL NO.:

PER. DATE: SUB. DATE:

CHECKED: DATE:
EXPERIMENT NO: 05

TITLE: Introduction to MQTT/ CoAP and sending sensor data to cloud using Raspberry-
Pi/Beagle board/Arduino

AIM/ OBJECTIVES: Interfacing of DHT11 (Humidity, Temperature) sensor and MQ3

Smoke Sensor with Raspberry Pi board and store the information on thingspeak cloud

REQUIREMENT:
a) SOFTWARE: Python 3 IDE

b) HARDWARE/EQUIPMENT: Raspberry Pi 3 B+, DHT11 Sensor, MQ3 Smoke

Sensor
THEORY:
DHT11 Sensor:
Specifications Pin Configuration
• Low cost
• 3 to 5V power and I/O
• 2.5mA max current use during conversion (while requesting
data)
• Good for 20-80% humidity readings with 5% accuracy
• Good for 0-50°C temperature readings ±2°C accuracy
• Body size 15.5mm x 12mm x 5.5mm
• 4 pins with 0.1" spacing

DPCOE/E&TC MIOT 24
The DHT11 is a basic, ultra low-cost digital temperature and humidity sensor. It uses a
capacitive humidity sensor and a thermistor to measure the surrounding air, and spits out a
digital signal on the data pin (no analog input pins needed). It’s fairly simple to use, but
requires careful timing to grab data. The only real downside of this sensor is you can only
get new data from it once every 2 seconds, so when using library, sensor readings can be up
to 2 seconds old.

MQ3 Smoke Sensor:

The MQ3 Gas Sensor module detects gas leakage in home and industry. The MQ3 Gas
Sensor can detect Alcohol, Benzine, Methane, Hexane, LPG, CO. It can detect the presence
of alcohol gases at concentrations from 0.05 mg/L to 10 mg/L . The sensitive material used
for this sensor is SnO2, whose conductivity is lower in clean air. Its conductivity increases
as the concentration of alcohol gases increases. It has high sensitivity to alcohol and has a
good resistance to disturbances due to smoke, vapor and gasoline.
This module provides both digital and analog outputs. MQ3 gas sensor module can be easily
interfaced with Microcontrollers, Arduino Boards, Raspberry Pi etc. The MQ series of gas
sensors use a small heater inside with an electrochemical sensor. They are sensitive to a range
of gasses and are used indoors at room temperature. Due to its fast response time and high
sensitivity, measurements can be taken as soon as possible. The sensor sensitivity can be
adjusted by using the potentiometer.
Features: Pinout:
High sensitivity and fast response Vcc – Power Supply (5V)
Wide detecting scope GND – Ground
Stable and Long life AO – Analog Output
Simple drive circuit DO – Digital Output
Analog and Digital Outputs

Raspberry pi 3:-
The Raspberry Pi is a low cost, credit-card sized computer that plugs into a computer monitor
or TV, and uses a standard keyboard and mouse. It is a capable little device that enables
people of all ages to explore computing, and to learn how to program in languages like
Scratch and Python. It’s capable of doing everything you’d expect a desktop computer to do,
from browsing the internet and playing high-definition video, to making spreadsheets, word-
processing, and playing games.
Raspberry Pi 3 Model B was released in February 2016 with a 64bit quad core processor,
onboard Wi-Fi, Bluetooth and USB boot capabilities. On Pi Day 2018 model 3B+ appeared
with a faster 1.4 GHz processor and a three times faster network based on gigabit Ethernet
(300 Mbit / s) or 2.4 / 5 GHz dual-band Wi-Fi (100 Mbit / s). Other options are: Power over

DPCOE/E&TC MIOT 25
Ethernet (PoE), USB boot and network boot (an SD card is no longer required). This allows
the use of the Pi in hard-to-reach places (possibly without electricity).

Fig. Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+

CIRCUIT/BLOCK DIAGRAM:

DPCOE/E&TC MIOT 26
PROCEDURE:
• Create a channel on the cloud (Thingspeak)
• Make the connection as per circuit diagram
• Open Python IDE
• Write code in Editor window and save file
• Compile the code
• Open thingspeak channel
• Observe the result
Program Code:
import sys
import Adafruit_DHT as dht
from time import sleep
import urllib
import RPi.GPIO as GPIO
GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BCM)
GPIO.setup(24, GPIO.IN) #Smoke Sensor Digital output
GPIO.setwarnings(False)
def DHT11_data():
# Reading from DHT11 and storing the temperature and humidity
humi, temp = dht.read_retry(11, 23)
return humi, temp
# Enter Your API key here , below is sample key . it will be different in your case.
myAPI = "ZQN4Z08XZ9HLOZY0"
# URL where we will send the data, Don't change it
baseURL = "https://api.thingspeak.com/update?api_key=%s" % myAPI
while True:
humidity, temperature = DHT11_data()
print ('Temp: {0:0.1f} C Humidity: {1:0.1f} %'.
format(temperature,humidity))

input_state = GPIO.input(24)
if input_state == False:
smoke = 1

DPCOE/E&TC MIOT 27
print('Smoke Detected')
print(smoke)
else:
smoke = 0
print('Smoke is not Detected')
print(smoke)

from urllib.request import urlopen

content = urlopen(baseURL + "&field1=%s&field2=%s&field3=%s" %
(temperature,humidity,smoke))

sleep(15)

CONCLUSION:

YouTube Video Link:

https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLvmSxe_2n_6Ic56m7w_hmk8xSsQJAnDKX
Tinkercad Simulation Link:
https://www.tinkercad.com/dashboard?type=circuits&collection=designs

DPCOE/E&TC MIOT 28
 DHOLE PATIL EDUCATION SOCIETY’s
DHOLE PATIL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT: E&TC Engg CLASS: BE

SEMESTER: VII SUBJECT:MIoT

NAME: ROLL NO.:

PER. DATE: SUB. DATE:

CHECKED: DATE:

EXPERIMENT NO: 06

TITLE: Web based Home Automation

AIM/ OBJECTIVES: Get the status of a bulb at a remote place (on the LAN) through
web.

REQUIREMENT:
SOFTWARE:
1. Arduino IDE

HARDWARE/EQUIPMENT:
1. NodeMCU
2. Connectors
3. Router
4. Relay Board

THEORY: SMART home technology use devices connected to the Internet of things (IoT)
to automate and monitor in-home systems. SMART home technology allows users to control
and monitor their connected home devices from SMART home apps, smartphones, or other
networked devices. Users can remotely control connected home systems whether they are

DPCOE/E&TC MIOT 29
home or away. This allows for more efficient energy and electric use as well as ensuring your
home is secure. SMART home technology is now being used to create SMART cities.
Home automation or domestics is building automation for a home, called a smart home or
smart house. A home automation system will control lighting, climate, entertainment
systems, and appliances. It may also include home security such as access control and alarm
systems. When connected with the Internet, home devices are an important constituent of the
Internet of Things.
A home automation system typically connects controlled devices to a central hub or
“gateway”. The user interface for control of the system uses either wall-mounted terminals,
tablet or desktop computers, a mobile phone application, or a Web interface, that may also
be accessible off-site through the Internet.
The practical aims at designing an advanced home automation system using normal web
server and Wi-Fi technology. The devices can be switched ON/OFF and sensors can be read
using a Personal Computer (PC) or mobile devices through Wi-Fi. Automation is the most
frequently spelled term in the field of electronics. The hunger for automation brought many
revolutions in the existing technologies. These had greater importance than any other
technologies due to its user-friendly nature. These can be used as a replacement of the
existing switches in home which produces sparks and also results in fire accidents in few
situations. Considering the advantages of Wi-Fi an advanced automation system was
developed to control the appliances in the house.

CIRCUIT/BLOCK DIAGRAM:

DPCOE/E&TC MIOT 30
Wi-Fi (Short for Wireless Fidelity) is a wireless technology that uses radio frequency to
transmit data through the air. Wi-Fi has initial speeds of 1mbps to 2mbps. Wi-Fi transmits
data in the frequency band of 2.4 GHz. It implements the concept of frequency division
multiplexing technology. Range of Wi-Fi technology is 40-300 feet. The controlling device
for the automation in the project is a Nodemcu. The data sent from PC over Wi-Fi will be
received by Wi-Fi module connected to 9 Nodemcu. Nodemcu reads the data and decides
the switching action of electrical devices connected to it through Relays.
Day by day, the field of automation is blooming and these systems are having great impact
on human beings. The project which is to be implemented is a home automation using Easy
IOT Webserver and WIFI and has very good future development. In the current system
webserver is installed on a windows PC so the home appliances can be controlled using only
by using the device on which webserver is installed. This can be further developed installing
webserver on cloud.
Advantage of installing web server on the cloud is that home can be controlled by using any
device which has WIFI 802.1 and a web browser. By visiting the IP address of the cloud the
control actions can be taken.

PROCEDURE:
1. Connect Nodemcu mobile on the same network.
2. Compile and download the code to the Nodemcu.
3. Connect relay board to Nodemcu and connect appliances to the relay board.
4. Open any browser in mobile and connect to the IP provide by the Nodemcu on the

DPCOE/E&TC MIOT 31
serial terminal (Ex. 192.168.123.19).
5. Login with credentials and turn ON/OFF device with Buttons.

OBSERVATIONS:

CONCLUSION:

YouTube Video Link:

https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLvmSxe_2n_6Ic56m7w_hmk8xSsQJAnDKX
Tinkercad Simulation Link:
https://www.tinkercad.com/dashboard?type=circuits&collection=designs

DPCOE/E&TC MIOT 32
 DHOLE PATIL EDUCATION SOCIETY’s
DHOLE PATIL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT: E&TC Engg CLASS: BE

SEMESTER: VII SUBJECT:MIoT

NAME: ROLL NO.:

PER. DATE: SUB. DATE:

CHECKED: DATE:

EXPERIMENT NO: 07

TITLE: Interfacing Arduino to Bluetooth Module

AIM/ OBJECTIVES: To interface the HC-06 Bluetooth module with arduino.

To learn about the module - the basic introduction. To learn how to set up
the module, connect and interface it.

REQUIREMENT:

SOFTWARE: Arduino IDE

HARDWARE/EQUIPMENT:
Arduino Nano - You could use any other development board if you wish
HC-06 Bluetooth module
Resistors - 1kΩ and 2kΩ
Male-to-Male Jumper wires
Male-to-Female Jumper wires

DPCOE/E&TC MIOT 33
 THEORY:

HC-06 Bluetooth module:

HC-06 is a Bluetooth module designed for establishing short range wireless data
communication (<100 meters). It is very easy to interface and communicate. It can be
interfaced with almost all microcontrollers or processors as it uses UART interface.
This module has the ability to transmit files at speed up to 2.1Mbps and works on
Bluetooth 2.0 communication protocol. Unlike the HC-05 Bluetooth module, this module
can only act as a slave device.

• Operating Voltage: 3.3V - 6V

• Operating Frequency range: 2.402 GHz - 2.480 GHz
Pinout

You will only be needing the four pins in the HC-06 Bluetooth module.
• RXD: Serial Data Receive Pin. Used for serial input. 3.3V logic
• TXD: Serial Data Transmit Pin. Used for serial output. 3.3V logic
• GND: Ground
• VCC: +5V
Setting up the HC-06 Bluetooth module
To set up your HC-06 Bluetooth module, you will be needing the USB-TTL Serial
Converter module. Connect your USB-TTL Serial converter module with your Bluetooth
module. The connections are as follows:

• RXD ---> TX

DPCOE/E&TC MIOT 34
 • TXD ---> RX
• GND ---> GND
• VCC ---> 5V
Now, plug in the USB-TTL Serial converter module to your Laptop/ PC. The LED on the
converter module should light up if it's working properly. The HC-06 Bluetooth module
is permanently configured to be slave and is always in AT mode when not paired to any
other device.
Open Arduino IDE and go to Tools, then Serial Monitor.
Set the Baud rate to 9600 and the 'line ending' to 'Both NL and CR'.
Type in 'AT' without the quotes and click send. If the Serial Monitor displays "OK", the
module is in AT mode and you are good to go.
Use these AT commands for the corresponding functions:

• AT : Check the connection

• AT+NAME: To check the default name of the module
• AT+VERSION: To obtain the version
•
AT+BAUD: To check the default baud rate of the Bluetooth module
• AT+PIN: To obtain the password of the module
• AT+NAME'DESIRED NAME': Changes the default name of the module to the
DESIRED NAME
To change the baud rate of the HC-06 Bluetooth module, type in AT+BAUDx, where x
has range from 1 - 9, inclusive.

• 1: 1200 baud
• 2: 2400 baud
• 3: 4800 baud
• 4: 9600 baud (default)
• 5: 19200 baud
• 6: 38400 baud
• 7: 57600 baud
• 8: 115200 baud
Sending AT+BAUD3 will change the baud rate from 9600 baud to 4800 baud.
Refer to the schematic to see how the Bluetooth module should be connected with the Arduino
development Board.Connecting the HC-06 Bluetooth module with Arduino development

DPCOE/E&TC MIOT 35
boardHardware componentsArduino Nano - You could use any other development board if
you wishHC-06 Bluetooth moduleResistors - 1kΩ and 2kΩ ( I didn't have a 2kΩ resistor with
me so I used 2 1kΩ resistors instead)Male-to-Male Jumper wiresMale-to-Female Jumper
wiresSoftwareArduino IDE. The Arduino boards have a serial port at D0 and D1 and it
communicates with these pins as well as the computer via USB. We are using the Serial
functions so we cannot use these pins. Therefore, we will be using the D2 and D3 pins for
communication with the HC-06 Bluetooth module. D2 pin will be connected to TXD pin of
the HC-06 module whereas the D3 pin will be connected to the RXD pin.
The module is connected to +5V standard regulated power supply and the voltage divider
is used for converting the 5V logic signal sent by Arduino D3 pin to 3.3V logic signals
which is suitable for the module. If you do not understand the voltage divider principle,
please refer to the YouTube video in the last section of this post.
If separate power sources are used for the Bluetooth module and Arduino development
board, their ground must be connected for voltage reference.

CIRCUIT/BLOCK DIAGRAM:

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 The Bluetooth module the ZS-040 is based on, the EGBT-046S, is a 3.3V device. The HC-06
breakout board has a 3.3v regulator that allows a larger input voltage to be used, in the range of
3.6 to 6 volts. The RX pin can still only accept 3.3V though. This means a voltage divider is
required to connect to a 5V Arduino. A simple voltage divider can be created using 2 resistors. I
am using a 1K ohm resistor and a 2K ohm resistor. The Arduino will read 3.3V as a HIGH so
the HC-06 TX pin can be connected directly to the Arduino.
Test Communication With The HC-06
After connecting everything we need to talk to the HC-06. We can do this by using software serial
on the Arduino. I use software serial to talk to Bluetooth modules and use the hardware serial for
debugging.

The following sketch takes whatever is entered in to the serial monitor on a host computer and
relays it to the HC-06. The sketch also takes whatever the HC-06 outputs and forwards it to the
serial monitor. The Arduino is acting like a relay station between the serial monitor and the BT
module.

The HC-06s I have have a default baud rate of 9600. Other modules have a different baud rate. If
9600 doesn’t work try other speeds. 38400 is also very common. Once you have communication
working you can change the baud rate to suit your needs.

PROGRAM CODE:
// Basic Bluetooth sketch HC-06_01
// Connect the Hc-06 module and communicate using the serial monitor
// The HC-06 defaults to AT mode when first powered on.
// The default baud rate is 9600
// The Hc-06 requires all AT commands to be in uppercase. NL+CR should not be added to the
command string

#include <SoftwareSerial.h>
SoftwareSerial BTserial(2, 3); // RX | TX
// Connect the HC-06 TX to the Arduino RX on pin 2.
// Connect the HC-06 RX to the Arduino TX on pin 3 through a voltage divider.

void setup()
{
Serial.begin(9600);
Serial.println("Enter AT commands:");

// HC-06 default serial speed is 9600

BTserial.begin(9600);
}

void loop()
{

// Keep reading from HC-06 and send to Arduino Serial Monitor

DPCOE/E&TC MIOT 37
 if (BTserial.available())
{
Serial.write(BTserial.read());
}

// Keep reading from Arduino Serial Monitor and send to HC-06

if (Serial.available())
{
BTserial.write(Serial.read()); }}
Compile and upload the sketch to Arduino development board.

Testing the Bluetooth Communication

Now that you have successfully set up the Bluetooth module, let's test the communication
between this module and another device. If you have an Android device, such as phone or
tablet, go to PlayStore and install 'Bluetooth Terminal' app from Qwerty.
Make sure you have turned on Bluetooth on your device.
Open the menu icon on the top right corner of the screen and tap on 'Connect a device -
secure'. As we have not paired the Bluetooth module with the device, tap on 'Scan for
devices'. You will see the Name of your Bluetooth module. To pair with your module, the
device will ask for the password. After you provide the correct password, you will see that
the device and the module are connected. The LED on the Bluetooth module will flash
every 2 seconds.
Open the Serial monitor in the Arduino IDE and set the correct baud rate. Send a message
from the Bluetooth terminal app and you will see the message displayed on the Serial
monitor. Try sending a message from the Serial monitor. If the connection is successful,
the message will be received by your Android device.

OBSERVATIONS:

CONCLUSION:

Link: https://create.arduino.cc/projecthub/RucksikaaR/interfacing-the-hc-06-
bluetooth-module-with-arduino-f9c315

DPCOE/E&TC MIOT 38
 DHOLE PATIL EDUCATION SOCIETY’s
DHOLE PATIL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT: E&TC Engg CLASS:

SEMESTER: SUBJECT:

NAME: ROLL NO.:

PER. DATE: SUB. DATE:

CHECKED: DATE:

EXPERIMENT NO: 08

TITLE: IoT based small project on a topics like Smart cities, chat bot, smart home (Home
Automation), environmental issues e.t.c.
AIM/ OBJECTIVES: Implement a smart home automation system. The system automates
home appliances and controls them over internet from anywhere.

REQUIREMENT:
SOFTWARE: Arduino IDE, Google Firebase, Android App
HARDWARE/EQUIPMENT: NodeMCU, Relay, AC Bulb

THEORY:
NodeMCU: NodeMCU is Lua based firmware of ESP8266. Generally, ESPlorer IDE is
referred for writing Lua scripts for NodeMCU. It requires getting familiar with ESPlorer IDE
and Lua scripting language.
There is another way of developing NodeMCU with a well-known IDE i.e. Arduino IDE.
We can also develop NodeMCU applications using the Arduino development environment.
This makes things easy for Arduino developers than learning a new language and IDE for
NodeMCU.

DPCOE/E&TC MIOT 39
Relay: A relay is an electrically operated switch. It consists of a set of input terminals for a
single or multiple control signals, and a set of operating contact terminals. The switch may
have any number of contacts in multiple contact forms, such as make contacts, break
contacts, or combinations thereof.

CIRCUIT/BLOCK DIAGRAM:

DPCOE/E&TC MIOT 40
PROCEDURE:
• Make the connection as per circuit diagram
• Open Arduino IDE
• Select the NodeMCU ESP8266
• Select the communication Port
• Write code in Editor Window and save file
• Compile the code
• Upload the code
• Open the Android app
• Control the appliances

OBSERVATIONS:

CONCLUSION:

YouTube Video Link:

https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLvmSxe_2n_6Ic56m7w_hmk8xSsQJAnDKX
Tinkercad Simulation Link:
https://www.tinkercad.com/dashboard?type=circuits&collection=designs

DPCOE/E&TC MIOT 41
 DHOLE PATIL EDUCATION SOCIETY’s
DHOLE PATIL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT: E&TC Engg CLASS:

SEMESTER: SUBJECT:

NAME: ROLL NO.:

PER. DATE: SUB. DATE:

CHECKED: DATE:

EXPERIMENT NO: 09

TITLE: Communicate between Arduino and Raspberry PI using any wireless medium like
ZigBee

AIM/ OBJECTIVES:

REQUIREMENT:
c) SOFTWARE:

d) HARDWARE/EQUIPMENT:

THEORY:

CIRCUIT/BLOCK DIAGRAM:

OBSERVATIONS:

CONCLUSION:

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DPCOE/E&TC MIOT 43