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Intorduction of DA

The document provides an overview of data analytics, including types of data, key roles in the big data ecosystem, and the data analytics lifecycle. It covers data mining processes, basic analytics methods, and trends in big data and business intelligence. Additionally, it offers exam strategies and memory tricks to aid in understanding and retention of the material.

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6 views5 pages

Intorduction of DA

The document provides an overview of data analytics, including types of data, key roles in the big data ecosystem, and the data analytics lifecycle. It covers data mining processes, basic analytics methods, and trends in big data and business intelligence. Additionally, it offers exam strategies and memory tricks to aid in understanding and retention of the material.

Uploaded by

srabonshiddhya95
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

Introduction to Data Analytics

Data Overview

 Data is raw facts (numbers, text, images). When processed, it becomes


useful information.
 Types: Structured (Excel tables), Unstructured (social media posts), Semi-
structured (JSON/XML files).

State of the Practice in Analytics

 Analytics is widely used in industries like healthcare (predicting


diseases), marketing (customer behavior), finance (fraud detection).
 Growth drivers: AI, IoT, cloud computing, and cheaper storage.

Key Roles in Big Data Ecosystem

1. Data Engineer – Builds systems to collect and clean data (e.g., Hadoop
pipelines).
2. Data Scientist – Uses stats/ML to find insights (e.g., predictive models).
3. Business Analyst – Translates data insights into business decisions.

Memory Trick: "E.S.B" (Engineer → Scientist → Business Analyst).

2. Data Analytics Lifecycle

Phases (P-D-E-M-D-O)

1. Problem Identification – Define the business question (e.g., "Why are sales
dropping?").
2. Data Collection – Gather data from databases, surveys, sensors, etc.
3. Exploration & Cleaning – Handle missing data, remove duplicates.
4. Modeling – Apply algorithms (e.g., regression, clustering).
5. Deployment – Implement the solution (e.g., a recommendation engine).
6. Outcome – Review results and improve.

Global Innovation Network & Analysis (GINA)

 A collaborative framework where teams share data/tools to solve big


problems (e.g., climate change analysis).

Exam Tip: Remember "People Don’t Eat Moldy Donuts, Okay?" (P-D-E-
M-D-O).

3. Data Mining Process

Definition

 Extracting hidden patterns from large datasets (e.g., finding customer buying
habits).

Models

 CRISP-DM (6 steps: Business Understanding → Deployment).


 SEMMA (5 steps: Sample → Assess).

Steps (D-C-P-M-E-D)

1. Define Goal (e.g., "Reduce customer churn").


2. Collect Data (e.g., purchase history, complaints).
3. Preprocess (clean, normalize, remove outliers).
4. Model (use algorithms like decision trees).
5. Evaluate (check accuracy, e.g., 90% correct predictions).
6. Deploy (integrate into business systems).

Applications

 Retail: Market basket analysis (e.g., "Customers who buy X also buy Y").
 Banking: Fraud detection (e.g., unusual transactions).

Challenges

 Privacy (GDPR compliance), noisy data, scalability.

Memory Trick: "Dirty Cats Prefer Milk Every Day" (Define, Collect,
Preprocess, Model, Evaluate, Deploy).

4. Basic Data Analytics Methods

Descriptive Analytics

 "What happened?"
 Tools: Dashboards, reports (e.g., monthly sales summary).

Diagnostic Analytics

 "Why did it happen?"


 Example: Drill-down analysis to find why sales dropped in Region X.

Predictive Analytics

 "What will happen?"


 Uses ML (e.g., predicting stock prices or customer churn).

Prescriptive Analytics
 "What should we do?"
 Example: Recommending the best marketing strategy.

Memory Trick: "Doctors Diagnose Patients Properly" (Descriptive →


Diagnostic → Predictive → Prescriptive).

5. Big Data & Business Intelligence Trends

What is Big Data?

 Datasets too large/complex for traditional tools (e.g., social media data).

5V’s of Big Data

1. Volume (size in petabytes).


2. Velocity (speed of data generation, e.g., real-time tweets).
3. Variety (text, videos, logs).
4. Veracity (uncertainty/quality issues).
5. Value (extracting useful insights).

Goals of Big Data

 Improve decisions (e.g., Netflix recommendations), reduce costs, innovate.

Big Data Architecture

 Hadoop (stores data), Spark (fast processing), NoSQL (MongoDB for


unstructured data).

Future Trends

 AI-driven analytics: AutoML (automated machine learning).


 Edge computing: Processing data on devices (e.g., smart cameras).

Memory Trick: "Very Valuable Vegetables Vanish Quickly" (Volume,


Velocity, Variety, Veracity, Value).

Final Exam Strategy

✔ Definitions: Write 1-line explanations (e.g., "Predictive analytics forecasts


future trends").
✔ Examples: Relate to real-world use cases (e.g., "Amazon uses prescriptive
analytics for recommendations").
✔ Acronyms: Use memory tricks (P-D-E-M-D-O, 5V’s).
✔ Diagrams: Sketch the Data Analytics Lifecycle or CRISP-DM for extra
marks.

You’re all set! Revise this daily, and 80+ is guaranteed! 🎯

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