Answer Form 5 Exercise:

1.1 and 1.2

1 Scale drawing 12(a) T = 31.392 N a = 5.866 ms-2 23(b) Fx= 199.468 N to the left
18.4 kN, 38⁰ from the original Fy = -96.167 N /
10 kN force 96.167 N downward
FR = 221.440 N
2(a) +15 N to the right 12(b) T = 14.715 N a = 2.453 ms-2 23(c) Draw scaled parallelogram
2(b) -6 N / 6 N downward 13(a) 39.05 N
3(a) Sketch diagram 13(b) 4.88 ms-2 1.3
3(b) 300 N 13(c) 24.64 N 1(a) 226.552 N
3(c) 36.87⁰ from the original 240 14(a) 5.886 ms-2 1(b) 113.276 N
N
4(a) Moving with uniform / 14(b) 23.544 N 2 11.371 N
constant velocity
4(b)(i) 600 N 14(c) 11.85 N 3 T1 = 94.572 N
T2 = 112.720 N
4(b)(ii) 2.5 ms-2 15(a) 3.924 ms-2 4 1284.480 N
5(a) -8175.2 N / 15(b) 35.316 N 5(a) 30.96⁰
8175.2 N upward
5(b) -102.19 ms-2 15(c) 27.468 N 5(b) 29.158 N
5(c) Large deceleration / 16 6N 6(a) Draw scaled triangle of forces
reduce velocity T = 14 N S = 7 N
6(a) Sketch diagram 17(a) Fx= 52.020 N Fy = 46.839 N 6(b) T = 13.856 N S = 6.928 N
6(b) 6.426 N 17(b) Fx= 39.453 N Fy = 80.891 N 7a) Draw scaled triangle of forces
6(c) 5.886 N 18(a) Fx= 77.942 N Fy = 45 N 7(b)(c) T = 5.130 N R = 14.095N
7(a) 259.5 N 18(b) Horizontal component to 8(a) Draw scaled triangle of forces
move the lawn mower T1 = 5.8 N T2 = 5.3 N
forward.
Vertical component to
produce a greater downward
force.
7(b) 5.19 ms-2 19 4.744 ms-2 8(b) T1 = 5.790 N T2 = 5.318 N
8(a) 147.15 N 20(a) 46.603 N
8(b) 3.905 ms-2 20(b) 1.553 ms-2
9(a) 16.991 N 21(a) 25.692 N to the left
9(b) 9.81 N 21(b) The wheel barrow moves
with an acceleration to the
left.
9(c) 14.81 N 22(a) Sketch diagram
10(a) The carton is able to move 22(b) R= 13.926 N
upward because the applied FR = 9.751 N
force 500 N is larger than the
opposing downward force
10(b) 0.363 ms-2 23(a) T1 160 N
Fx= 131.064 N Fy = 91.772 N
T2 200 N
Fx= 68.404 N Fy = 187.939 N
11(a) 294.3 N
11(b) 354.3 N

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1.4 6(b) 1.5 x 108 N
1(a) 0.392 Ncm-1 / 39.24 Nm-1 7(a) 100000 Pa 2 99081 Nm-2
1(b) 23.75 cm 7(b) 135316 Pa 3 Pressure in tank is lower
2 8.4 N 7(c) X (at the same level) 4(a) PA = 76 cmHg
= 101396.16 Pa
3 12.5 cm 8 - lower the ball bearing to a PB = 82 cmHg
greater depth = 109401.12 Pa
4(a) 0.004 m - add more water into the PC = PB = 82 cmHg
bottle = 109401.12 Pa
4(b) 75000 Nm-1 - dissolve some salt into PD = 86 cmHg
the water = 114737.76 Pa
5(a) 49.05 Nm-1 9(a) Density X is lower. 4(b) Pgas = PC = PB
= 109401.12 Pa
5(b) 16.0 cm A shorter column of liquid 4(c) The height of the mercury
Y can support a higher column AB does not change
column of liquid X Pressure is independent of the
size of the manometer tube
5(c) 0.628 J 9(b) 1150 kgm-3 5(a) Gas pressure in the flask is
higher
6 0.098 J 10 Sketch diagram 5(b) 36 cm water / 0.36 m water
7(a) 0.0225 J 5(c) 104590. 6 Pa
7(b) 1.5 ms-1 2.2 6 Mercury manometer can
8(a) - 1 100862.496 Pa measure higher pressure
8(b) - 2 1327293 Pa because mercury is a denser
8(c) 250 Nm-1 3(a) Vacuum liquid.
8(d) 0.2 J 3(b) 750 mmHg Doesn’t need a very long tube
9(a) FP = 8 N FQ = FR = 4 N 3(c) Point A and point B are at rate of evaporation of mercury
the same level. is lower than water
9(b) XP = 2 cm PA is atmospheric pressure. 7 0.592 m // 59.2 cm
XQ = XR = 1 cm Therefore, PB is also
atmospheric pressure
9(c) 3 cm 4 Systolic: 18011.16 Pa 8(a) The air pressure in the
10(a) 16 N Diastolic: 10406.448 Pa container is lower.
10(b) 3.2 Ncm-1 5(a) 101396.16 Pa The atmospheric pressure can
11 - 5(b)(i) No change push the mercury up in the
12 35 cm 5(b)(ii) No change arm of the manometer
13 6 cm 5(b)(iii) No change connected to air container
14(a) 0.75 Ncm-1 6 121644 Pa 8(b) 32019.84 Pa
14(b)(i) 4 cm 7 120074.4 Pa 9(a) 104590.296 Pa
14(b)(ii) 8 cm 8(a) 74 cmHg 9(b) The oxygen will flow out of the
14(c)(i) 2 cm 8(b) 98727.84 Pa cylinder.
14(c)(ii) 2 cm 9(a)(i) PA = 0 cmHg The oxygen pressure will
9(a)(ii) PB = 50 cmHg decrease until it is equal to the
2.1 9(a)(iii) PC = 76 cmHg atmospheric pressure.
1 2943 Pa 9(b)(i) PA = 0 Pa The water level in the left arm
2 6.667 m 9(b)(ii) PB = 66708 Pa of manometer will drop while
3 463951 Pa / 464 kPa 9(b)(iii) PC = 101396.16 Pa the right arm of manometer
4 22661.1 Pa will rise until the water levels
in both arms are the same.
5(a) 5886 Pa
5(b) 0.929 m 2.3
2
6(a) 48.541 m 1 27621.2 Pa
10.
Density:
Comparison:
- The density of water is slightly higher than the density of olive oil.
- The density of mercury is much higher than the density of water and olive oil.
Suitability:
- The mercury manometer is suitable for measuring high pressure.
Adhesion to the glass tube:
Comparison:
- Mercury does not stick on the glass tube.
- Both of the water and olive oil stick or wet the glass.
Suitability:
- Mercury can be filled into a manometer and removed without leaving any residue in the glass tube.
- It is difficult to clean a glass tube that has been filled with olive oil.
Safety:
Comparison:
- Mercury is a very toxic liquid. Both water and olive oil are safe to use.
Suitability:
- Precautions have to be closely followed when handling mercury.
** The water manometer is suitable and safe to use for measuring pressure that are not much higher than the
atmospheric pressure.
** For higher pressure, the mercury manometer is more suitable. The necessary precautions are to be observed at all
times.

2.4
1 51.2 N 9(b) This may prevent pressure 3(a) 12.5 cm3
2 5.20 cm transmits uniformly through 3(b) 25 g
3 - the fluid and hence causing 3(c) 0.245 N
4 Low boiling point ineffective braking effect 4(a) 0.4 N
Compressible fluid 4(b) 0.4 N
Cause corrosion / Rusting in 10 18.751 N 4(c) 40 cm3
the part of brake system
Does not act as lubricant 11 -Air used in pneumatic 4(d) 0.3924 N
Easy to evaporate system can be readily 4(e) The upthrust/buoyant force
5(a) 100000 Pa obtained from the same as the weight of water
5(b) 500 N surrounding air. After use, the displaced
5(c) 0.8 cm air can be released. 5 Fb > Wblock
5(d) 1 : 25 - Pressure can be transmitted The block will move upward
6 4 kg over long distances. with acceleration when it is
7(a) 108 N - Safe to use in areas where released.
7(b) 0.89 cm there are flammable 6 Density R > P > Q
8(a) 196.2 N materials. 7(a) Weight of hydrometer is equal
8(b) 2452.5 Pa to the weight of water
displaced
8(c) 300 kg 7(b) In a liquid with low density,
8(d) 0.4 cm 2.5 the hydrometer sinks more so
9(a) 15 N 1 391.419 N that the volume of liquid
9(b) If air bubble is present in the 2 Fb > Wblock displaced is large enough to
fluid, the fluid becomes The block will move upward produce a buoyant force that
compressible. with acceleration when it is can support the weight of the
released. hydrometer.
8 25.11 N

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9(a) Hydrometer
9(b) To measure the density of liquid
9(c) To lower down the centre of gravity of the glass tube so that it does not topple when immerse in liquid
9(d)(i) 120 cm3
9(d)(ii) 1.2 N
9(e)(i) The glass tube immersed deeper
9(e)(ii) The density of oil is lower than water.
The volume of oil displaced is greater than the volume of water displaced to produce the same upthrust /
buoyant force.
2.6
1(a) - When the squeeze bulb is pressed, the air inside the bottle is forced out with high speed through the mid
tube.
- The air pressure inside the mid tube decreases.
- The atmospheric pressure inside the bottle is higher.
- The difference in pressure produces force to push the perfume out.
1(b)(i) - More elastic
- Squeeze bulb easy to return to its original position after it is pressed.
1(b)(ii) - Narrow shape
- To increase the speed of air
1(b)(iii) - Small size of nozzle
- To produce smaller droplets of perfume