Scribd
Upload
16 views8 pages

Unit 5

Web publishing encompasses creating and uploading content online, involving components like content creation, website design, domain registration, and web hosting. Web browsing refers to accessing web pages through browsers, utilizing URLs and protocols like HTTP/HTTPS. Key technologies include SGML, HTML, CGI, and various web publishing tools that facilitate content management and document handling.

Uploaded by

shivanshmishra840084
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
16 views8 pages

Unit 5

Web publishing encompasses creating and uploading content online, involving components like content creation, website design, domain registration, and web hosting. Web browsing refers to accessing web pages through browsers, utilizing URLs and protocols like HTTP/HTTPS. Key technologies include SGML, HTML, CGI, and various web publishing tools that facilitate content management and document handling.

Uploaded by

shivanshmishra840084
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 8

Web Publishing

Web publishing involves the process of creating and uploading content on the internet,
making it accessible to users worldwide.

Key Components:

1. Content Creation:
o Develop text, images, videos, and multimedia.
o Tools: HTML, CSS, JavaScript, CMS platforms (WordPress, Joomla).
2. Website Design and Development:
o Design user interfaces and layouts.
o Ensure responsiveness and accessibility.
o Use front-end and back-end technologies.
3. Domain Registration:
o Purchase a domain name (e.g., example.com).
o Managed through domain registrars.
4. Web Hosting:
o Store and serve website files.
o Types: Shared hosting, VPS, Dedicated hosting, Cloud hosting.
5. Publishing and Maintenance:
o Upload content using FTP or CMS.
o Regular updates, security patches, and performance monitoring.

Web Browsing

Web browsing is the process of accessing and navigating web pages through a web browser.

Key Components:

1. Web Browser:
o Software used to retrieve and display web pages.
o Examples: Chrome, Firefox, Edge, Safari.
2. URL (Uniform Resource Locator):
o Address of a web resource (e.g., https://www.example.com).
3. HTTP/HTTPS Protocols:
o HTTP: Hypertext Transfer Protocol.
o HTTPS: Secure version with encryption.
4. Search Engines:
o Tools to locate information on the internet.
o Examples: Google, Bing, Yahoo.
5. Caching and Cookies:
o Cache: Stores temporary web data for faster loading.
o Cookies: Store user preferences and session data.

⚡Process Overview:

1. User Request: Enter URL in the browser.


2. DNS Resolution: Domain name converted to IP address.
3. Server Response: Web server sends requested content.
4. Rendering: Browser processes and displays the web page.

1. SGML (Standard Generalized Markup Language)

SGML is a meta-language used to define the structure and rules for creating markup
languages. It is the foundation for HTML and XML.

Key Points:

 Developed by ISO (International Organization for Standardization).


 Allows the creation of customized markup languages.
 Defines document structure using Document Type Definitions (DTDs).
 Provides rules for marking up text to describe structure, content, and semantics.

Examples of SGML-based Languages:

 HTML (HyperText Markup Language)


 XML (eXtensible Markup Language)

SGML Syntax:
sgml
CopyEdit
<!DOCTYPE HTML SYSTEM "html.dtd">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>SGML Example</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<P>Hello, SGML!</P>
</BODY>
</HTML>

2. Web Hosting

Web hosting is a service that stores and serves website files on the internet, making them
accessible to users.

Types of Web Hosting:

1. Shared Hosting:
o Multiple websites share a single server.
o Low cost, but limited resources.
2. VPS (Virtual Private Server) Hosting:
o Virtualized server with dedicated resources.
o Better performance and control than shared hosting.
3. Dedicated Hosting:
o A single server dedicated to one website.
o High performance and control, but expensive.
4. Cloud Hosting:
o Website data is distributed across multiple servers.
o Scalable and reliable, ideal for high-traffic sites.
5. Managed Hosting:
o Host manages technical aspects (updates, backups, security).
o Suitable for non-technical users.

3. HTML (HyperText Markup Language)

HTML is the standard markup language used to create web pages. It structures content
using tags and elements.

Key Features:

 Defines webpage content, structure, and layout.


 Supports multimedia, forms, and links.
 Works with CSS for styling and JavaScript for interactivity.

Basic HTML Structure:


html
CopyEdit
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>HTML Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Hello, HTML!</h1>
<p>This is a simple HTML page.</p>
</body>
</html>

HTML Versions:

 HTML 1.0 (1993) – Basic markup.


 HTML 4.01 (1999) – Added scripting support.
 HTML5 (2014) – Multimedia, APIs, semantic tags.

1. CGL (Common Gateway Interface)

CGL, commonly known as CGI (Common Gateway Interface), is a standard protocol that
enables web servers to interact with external programs to process user requests.

Key Points:

 Used to create dynamic web content.


 Typically written in languages like Perl, Python, PHP, or C.
 Enables data exchange between web servers and applications.

How CGI Works:

1. User submits data through a web form.


2. Web server forwards the request to a CGI script.
3. Script processes the data and returns the output (usually HTML) to the browser.

Example:
perl
CopyEdit
#!/usr/bin/perl
print "Content-type: text/html\n\n";
print "<html><body><h1>Hello, CGI!</h1></body></html>";

2. Document Interchange Standards

Document interchange standards define protocols and formats to ensure seamless exchange
of information between different systems.

Common Standards:

1. SGML (Standard Generalized Markup Language):


o Meta-language for defining markup languages.
o Foundation for HTML and XML.
2. XML (eXtensible Markup Language):
o Used for structured data exchange.
o Platform-independent and widely adopted.
3. EDI (Electronic Data Interchange):
o Standard for exchanging business documents electronically.
o Used in supply chains, healthcare, and finance.
4. PDF (Portable Document Format):
o Ensures document integrity across platforms.

3. Components of Web Publishing

Web publishing involves a set of processes and tools to create and manage content online.

Key Components:

1. Content Creation:
o Developing text, images, audio, and video.
o Tools: Text editors, graphic design software.
2. Web Design and Development:
o Designing user interfaces and coding web pages.
o Technologies: HTML, CSS, JavaScript.
3. Domain Registration:
o Purchasing a unique domain name (e.g., example.com).
4. Web Hosting:
o Hosting website files on a server.
o Types: Shared, VPS, Dedicated, Cloud.
5. Content Management System (CMS):
o Platform to manage and publish content easily.
o Examples: WordPress, Joomla, Drupal.
6. SEO and Marketing:
o Optimizing content to improve search engine rankings.

4. Document Management
Document management refers to the process of storing, organizing, and tracking documents
efficiently.

Key Features:

 Version Control: Maintains a history of document changes.


 Access Control: Restricts access based on user roles.
 Search and Retrieval: Enables quick document access.
 Collaboration: Allows multiple users to work on documents.

Types of Document Management Systems (DMS):

1. On-Premises DMS:
o Installed and managed locally.
o Suitable for organizations with strict security needs.
2. Cloud-Based DMS:
o Hosted on the cloud, accessible from anywhere.
o Scalable and cost-effective.
3. Open Source DMS:
o Customizable and free to use.
o Examples: Alfresco, OpenKM.

✅Summary:

 CGL (CGI) processes dynamic web requests.


 Document Interchange Standards facilitate data exchange.
 Web Publishing Components include content creation, hosting, and CMS.
 Document Management ensures secure and efficient handling of documents.

1. Web Page Design Considerations and Principles

Designing an effective web page requires focusing on user experience (UX), functionality,
and aesthetics.

Key Design Principles:

1. Simplicity:
o Clean layout with minimal distractions.
o Avoid clutter and unnecessary graphics.
2. Consistency:
o Uniform design elements (fonts, colors, navigation).
o Maintain consistency across all pages.
3. Navigation:
o Easy-to-use menus and intuitive navigation.
o Use breadcrumbs for improved user guidance.
4. Responsive Design:
o Optimize pages for different devices and screen sizes.
o Use CSS media queries for flexibility.
5. Loading Speed:
o Minimize image sizes and optimize code.
o Use caching and content delivery networks (CDNs).
6. Accessibility:
o Ensure content is accessible to all users, including those with disabilities.
o Follow WCAG (Web Content Accessibility Guidelines).
7. SEO Optimization:
o Use clean HTML, proper heading structure, and relevant keywords.

2. Search and Meta Search Engines

Search engines and meta search engines help users locate relevant information online.

Search Engines:

 Definition: Software that crawls, indexes, and ranks web pages based on search
queries.
 Examples:
o Google
o Bing
o Yahoo
 How It Works:
1. Crawling: Search bots crawl websites to gather content.
2. Indexing: Data is stored and organized for quick retrieval.
3. Ranking: Algorithms determine page relevance based on keywords.

Meta Search Engines:

 Definition: Aggregate results from multiple search engines and display consolidated
results.
 Examples:
o Dogpile
o Metacrawler
o Yippy
 Advantages:
o Broader search coverage.
o Provides diverse perspectives from different engines.

3. World Wide Web (WWW)

The World Wide Web (WWW) is a system of interlinked documents and resources
accessible via the internet.

Key Concepts:

 Hypertext: Links that connect documents.


 Web Browser: Retrieves and displays web content.
 HTTP/HTTPS: Protocols for transferring web data.
 URL (Uniform Resource Locator): Address used to locate web resources.

Evolution of WWW:
 Web 1.0: Static web pages with limited interactivity.
 Web 2.0: Dynamic content, user interaction, and social media.
 Web 3.0: Decentralized web with AI and blockchain technologies.

4. Web Browser

A web browser is software used to access, retrieve, and display information from the World
Wide Web.

Common Browsers:

 Google Chrome
 Mozilla Firefox
 Microsoft Edge
 Apple Safari

Key Features:

 Rendering Engine: Displays HTML, CSS, and JavaScript content.


 Cache: Stores temporary data for faster loading.
 Cookies: Saves user preferences and session data.
 Extensions and Plugins: Enhances browser functionality.

⚡5. HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)

HTTP is a protocol used to transfer data between a web browser and a web server.

Key Features:

 Stateless Protocol: Each request is independent.


 Request-Response Model:
o Browser sends a request.
o Server responds with the requested content.

HTTPS (Secure HTTP):

 Encrypts data using SSL/TLS to ensure secure communication.


 Protects sensitive information (e.g., login credentials, payment data).

HTTP Methods:

 GET – Retrieve data.


 POST – Submit data.
 PUT – Update resources.
 DELETE – Remove resources.

6. Web Publishing Tools


Web publishing tools simplify the process of creating, managing, and publishing content
online.

Types of Publishing Tools:

1. CMS (Content Management Systems):


o User-friendly interface to manage content.
o Examples: WordPress, Joomla, Drupal.
2. HTML Editors:
o Tools for manual coding and designing web pages.
o Examples: Adobe Dreamweaver, Sublime Text.
3. Website Builders:
o Drag-and-drop interfaces for quick website creation.
o Examples: Wix, Squarespace.
4. FTP Clients:
o Upload and manage files on a web server.
o Examples: FileZilla, WinSCP.

✅Summary:

 Web Design focuses on UX, responsiveness, and speed.


 Search and Meta Search Engines help locate information online.
 WWW provides interconnected documents accessed via browsers.
 Web Browsers retrieve and display web content.
 HTTP/HTTPS manages web data transfer securely.
 Web Publishing Tools aid in website creation and management.

You might also like