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3-Array_String

The document covers key concepts in object-oriented programming related to arrays and strings in Java. It includes how to create and process arrays, utilize foreach loops, and pass or return arrays from methods, as well as details on the immutability of strings and various methods for string manipulation. Additionally, it provides exercises for practical application of these concepts.

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son26724
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0 views

3-Array_String

The document covers key concepts in object-oriented programming related to arrays and strings in Java. It includes how to create and process arrays, utilize foreach loops, and pass or return arrays from methods, as well as details on the immutability of strings and various methods for string manipulation. Additionally, it provides exercises for practical application of these concepts.

Uploaded by

son26724
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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OBJECT-ORIENTED

PROGRAMMING

Array - String
Outline
◼ Array:
❑ Create array
❑ Process array
❑ Foreach loops
❑ Passing Arrays to Methods
❑ Return Arrays from Methods
❑ Arrays class

[503005 Lecture 3: Array - String] 2


Outline
◼ String:
❑ charSequence Interface
❑ Create string
❑ String methods

[503005 Lecture 3: Array - String] 3


Arrays

4
Arrays
◼ Create Arrays
dataType[] arrayRefVar = new dataType[arraySize];
◼ Example:
double[] myList = new double[10];

[503005 Lecture 3: Array - String] 5


Process Arrays
We often use
either for loop
or foreach loop because
all of the elements in an
array are of the same type
and the size of the array is
known

[503005 Lecture 3: Array - String] 6


Foreach Loops
◼ JDK 1.5 introduced a new for loop known as
foreach loop or enhanced for loop, which
enables you to traverse the complete array
sequentially without using an index variable

[503005 Lecture 3: Array - String] 7


Passing Arrays to Methods

◼ We can invoke it by passing an array. For


example, the following statement invokes the
printArray method to display 3, 1, 2, 6, 4, and
2

[503005 Lecture 3: Array - String] 8


Return an Array from a Method
◼ A method may also return an array. For
example, the following method returns an
array that is the reversal of another array

[503005 Lecture 3: Array - String] 9


Java String
◼ charSequence Interface
◼ Create string
◼ String methods

[503005 Lecture 3: Array - String] 10


Java String
◼ In Java, string is basically an object that
represents sequence of char values. An array of
characters works same as Java string. For
example:

[503005 Lecture 3: Array - String] 11


CharSequence Interface

◼ The Java String is immutable which means it


cannot be changed. Whenever we change any
string, a new instance is created. For mutable
strings, you can use StringBuffer and
StringBuilder classes (
◼
[503005 Lecture 3: Array - String] 12
Create String
◼ There are two ways to create String
object:
❑ By string literal
❑ By new keyword

[503005 Lecture 3: Array - String] 13


Create String
◼ By string literal
String s="welcome";
◼ Each time you create a string literal, the JVM
checks the "string constant pool" first. If the
string already exists in the pool, a reference to
the pooled instance is returned. If the string
doesn't exist in the pool, a new string instance is
created and placed in the pool. For example:
◼

[503005 Lecture 3: Array - String] 14


Create String
◼ By new keyword
String s=new String("Welcome");//creates two objects and
one reference variable
◼ In such case, JVM will create a new string
object in normal (non-pool) heap memory,
and the literal "Welcome" will be placed in the
string constant pool. The variable s will refer
to the object in a heap (non-pool)

[503005 Lecture 3: Array - String] 15


Create String
◼

[503005 Lecture 3: Array - String] 16


String methods
◼

[503005 Lecture 3: Array - String] 17


String methods
◼

[503005 Lecture 3: Array - String] 18


String methods
◼

[503005 Lecture 3: Array - String] 19


Read more
◼ StringBufer class:
https://www.javatpoint.com/StringBuffer-
class
◼ StringBuilder class:
https://www.javatpoint.com/StringBuilder-
class

[503005 Lecture 3: Array - String] 20


Exercises
Arrays
1. Input and Output a 1D-Array with n integer values
2. List negative values in the array
3. Find max value in the array
4. Find the first position of negative values in the array
5. Calculate sum of values in the array
6. Sort the array in ascending order
7. Add an element x to the first position of the array
8. Delete the first greater 0 element in the array

[503005 Lecture 3: Array - String] 21


Exercises
String:
Given a Vietnamese full name (ex “Nguyen Tran Minh Tuan”).
Students need to write methods as follows:
1. Count how many words in the name. (Count: 4)
2. Return a first name (Tuan)
3. Return a last name (Nguyen)
4. Return a middle name (Tran Minh)
5. Capitalize the first character in each word of the name (Ex:
“Nguyen tran Minh tuan” -> “Nguyen Tran Minh Tuan”)
6. Formalize the name, including:
❑ Delete all spaces in front and behind of the name.
❑ Leave one space between the words of the name.
Ex: “ Nguyen Tran Minh Tuan ” -> “Nguyen Tran Minh Tuan”
[503005 Lecture 3: Array - String] 22
End of file

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