UNIVERSIDAD DE MANILA

Justice Cecilia Muñoz Palma, corner Mayor Antonio Villegas St.

Mehan Garden, Ermita Manila, Philippines 1000

COLLEGE OF HEALTH SCIENCES

DEPARTMENT OF NURSING

NCM 109:
CARE OF MOTHER, CHILD AT RISK OR WITH PROBLEMS (ACUTE AND CHRONIC)

NR - 23 GROUP 4:
Barbosa, Paul Vincent
Basilio, Vivieca Marie
Beltran, Archie
De Vera, Cirea Kaizen
Laurente, Sheilo Marie
Mabutol, Glaiza Marie
Primavera, Geraldine
Roberto, John Admer
Sales, Jerome
Sarmiento, Abegail Mae

Mrs. Adora S. Napa

Professor
Ah, now I understand! You are referring to an SOP related to lying-in clinics, which are healthcare facilities that
specialize in maternal care, particularly during labor, delivery, and postpartum care. These clinics provide services
such as prenatal care, birthing, and postnatal care, often in a more intimate setting compared to larger hospitals.

In this context, an SOP (Standard Operating Procedure) for a lying-in clinic would typically focus on the
management of patient care during pregnancy, labor, and delivery, ensuring safety, hygiene, effective care, and the
smooth operation of the clinic.

Here’s an outline of what such an SOP could look like:

SOP for Lying-In Clinics (Maternal Care Clinic)

1. Purpose

To establish standardized procedures that ensure the safety, quality of care, and efficient operations of the lying-in clinic,
including prenatal, delivery, and postnatal care for pregnant women.

2. Scope

This SOP applies to all medical and support staff, including doctors, midwives, nurses, administrative personnel, and
patients, involved in the delivery of care within the lying-in clinic.

3. Responsibilities

●​ Medical Personnel: Ensure proper prenatal assessments, safe delivery practices, and postnatal care.
●​ Administrative Personnel: Handle patient records, schedule appointments, and assist with documentation.
●​ Patients: Participate actively in their prenatal care, communicate health concerns, and follow care
recommendations.
●​ Management: Oversee the clinic’s operations, ensuring that all procedures and guidelines are followed.

4. Procedure

A. Prenatal Care

1.​ Initial Consultation:

○​ Conduct a thorough medical history review, physical examination, and screening for any
pregnancy-related conditions.
○​ Establish a prenatal care schedule based on gestational age and any identified risk factors.
2.​ Monitoring and Tests:
○​ Regular blood pressure checks, blood work (including screening for anemia, gestational diabetes, etc.),
and ultrasound as necessary.
○​ Educate the mother on nutrition, exercise, and potential warning signs during pregnancy.
3.​ Patient Education:
○​ Provide information on signs of labor, prenatal vitamins, and lifestyle adjustments.
○​ Discuss birth plans, available delivery options, and pain management preferences.

B. Labor and Delivery

1.​ Admission Process:

○​ Upon arrival, assess the patient’s status and determine if she is in labor.
 ○​ Document patient details (e.g., due date, medical history, and any risks).
2.​ Labor Management:
○​ Monitor contractions, fetal heart rate, and maternal vital signs.
○​ Provide emotional support and comfort measures (e.g., breathing exercises, positioning).
○​ Administer medications or interventions as needed (e.g., pain relief, IV fluids).
3.​ Delivery:
○​ Ensure the presence of qualified personnel for a safe delivery (midwife, doctor, nurse).
○​ Follow standard delivery protocols based on the patient’s health status and preferences.
○​ Ensure appropriate management of complications (e.g., shoulder dystocia, bleeding).

C. Postnatal Care

1.​ Immediate Post-Delivery:

○​ Monitor the mother’s vital signs and recovery from childbirth.
○​ Ensure the baby’s well-being through immediate assessments, such as APGAR scoring and necessary
interventions (e.g., cord care, first feeding).
○​ Provide breastfeeding education and support.
2.​ Postnatal Visits:
○​ Schedule follow-up visits to monitor the mother’s physical and emotional recovery.
○​ Address any breastfeeding concerns, maternal health issues (e.g., postpartum depression), or
complications (e.g., infection).
3.​ Newborn Care:
○​ Ensure newborn screenings (e.g., hearing test, metabolic screening).
○​ Educate parents on newborn care (e.g., diapering, feeding, sleep safety).

D. Infection Control and Hygiene

1.​ Sterile Technique:

○​ Ensure the use of sterile instruments and proper hygiene throughout the delivery process.
○​ Adhere to handwashing protocols, especially during labor, delivery, and newborn care.
2.​ Sanitation:
○​ Maintain a clean environment by regularly disinfecting surfaces, bedding, and equipment.
○​ Proper disposal of waste, including biological waste (e.g., used gloves, gauze).

5. Documentation and Record Keeping

●​ All patient information should be documented in the clinic’s medical record system, including prenatal visits,
labor and delivery details, and postnatal care.
●​ Ensure that informed consent forms are signed for each procedure and treatment provided.
●​ Regular audits of patient records should be conducted to ensure compliance with clinic protocols and patient
safety standards.

6. Emergency Protocols

●​ Establish emergency procedures for maternal and neonatal complications (e.g., postpartum hemorrhage, fetal
distress, neonatal resuscitation).
●​ Ensure staff is trained in basic life support (BLS) and neonatal resuscitation protocols.
●​ Develop referral pathways for emergencies that require hospital transfer.

7. Staff Training and Continuous Education

 ●​ Provide training in maternal and neonatal care, including up-to-date clinical guidelines, emergency response, and
patient communication.
●​ Regularly assess staff competency and offer refresher courses to maintain high standards of care.

8. Review and Updates

●​ This SOP should be reviewed and updated annually or as new clinical guidelines are released.
●​ Regular patient and staff feedback should be collected to improve care delivery.
SOP for Hospital Operations

1. Purpose

The purpose of this SOP is to standardize and ensure safe, efficient, and high-quality healthcare delivery within the
hospital. This document will help in managing patient care, hospital processes, staff responsibilities, and operational
guidelines.

2. Scope

This SOP applies to all hospital staff members, including doctors, nurses, administrative personnel, support staff, and
contractors, involved in the day-to-day operations of the hospital.

3. Procedure

A. Patient Admission Process

1.​ Patient Registration:​

○​ Collect patient details (personal information, insurance, medical history) during the first point of contact
(in-person, online, phone).
○​ Ensure accurate entry into the hospital’s Electronic Health Record (EHR) system.
○​ Assign the patient a unique ID number to track throughout their care.
2.​ Initial Assessment:​

○​ Perform an initial health assessment by the nurse or admitting doctor.

○​ Document vital signs, symptoms, and medical history.
○​ Establish the need for immediate care or admission to a specific department (e.g., ICU, general ward).
3.​ Consent:​

○​ Obtain informed consent from the patient or guardian for any medical procedures, surgeries, or
treatments.

B. Infection Control

1.​ Hand Hygiene:​

○​ All healthcare personnel must wash hands or use alcohol-based sanitizers before and after patient contact.
○​ Provide hand sanitizers at all key touchpoints in the hospital.
2.​ Isolation Procedures:​

○​ Patients with contagious diseases should be isolated in a designated room to prevent the spread of
infection.
○​ Ensure staff wears appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) when handling infectious patients.
3.​ Sterilization of Equipment:​

○​ All medical equipment and instruments should be sterilized according to hospital protocols before and
after each use.

C. Patient Care Process

 1.​ Medical Rounds:​

○​ Medical staff should conduct daily rounds to assess the patient's condition and progress.
○​ Document and update the patient’s medical records regularly.
2.​ Treatment Administration:​

○​ Prescribe medications, treatments, and interventions according to best practices and clinical guidelines.
○​ Ensure accurate dosage, frequency, and timing of medications.
○​ Monitor patients for any adverse reactions or complications.
3.​ Emergency Care:​

○​ In cases of emergency, initiate the hospital’s emergency protocols to stabilize the patient.
○​ Call for a crash cart, initiate CPR, and call the code team if required.

D. Discharge Process

1.​ Discharge Planning:​

○​ Ensure that all discharge orders are completed by the attending physician, including follow-up
instructions, prescriptions, and referrals.
○​ Provide the patient with detailed aftercare instructions, including how to contact medical staff if
necessary.
2.​ Patient Education:​

○​ Explain the importance of follow-up visits, medication adherence, and lifestyle modifications for
recovery.
○​ Ensure that the patient has access to resources (e.g., physiotherapy, counseling).
3.​ Final Documentation:​

○​ Ensure that the patient’s discharge summary is entered into the electronic health record, including the
final diagnosis, treatment provided, and follow-up care.

E. Emergency Response and Critical Care Protocols

1.​ Code Blue (Cardiac Arrest):​

○​ Call for immediate resuscitation team support, and activate the emergency medical response (e.g., CPR,
defibrillation).
○​ Provide clear communication and follow established protocols for advanced cardiac life support (ACLS).
2.​ Code Red (Fire):​

○​ Evacuate patients and staff from areas identified as a fire risk.

○​ Follow fire safety protocols, including the use of fire extinguishers, evacuation routes, and emergency
services notifications.

F. Staff Training and Education

1.​ Onboarding and Orientation:

○​ New employees should undergo training on hospital SOPs, safety protocols, patient confidentiality, and
emergency procedures.
 2.​ Ongoing Training:
○​ Regular training on the latest medical procedures, updates on patient safety protocols, and handling
emergencies.
○​ Implement regular drills for staff to practice responding to different types of hospital emergencies (e.g.,
fire, mass casualty).

G. Safety and Equipment Management

1.​ Equipment Maintenance:

○​ Ensure that medical equipment (e.g., ventilators, monitors, infusion pumps) is regularly maintained,
calibrated, and inspected for safety.
○​ Maintain a log for repairs and preventive maintenance.
2.​ Hospital Cleanliness:
○​ Regularly clean and disinfect patient rooms, common areas, operating rooms, and public spaces.
○​ Ensure that cleaning staff follows strict hygiene protocols.

4. Documentation and Record-Keeping

●​ All patient interactions, diagnoses, treatments, medications, and procedures must be documented in the patient’s
electronic health record (EHR).
●​ All SOP-related activities should be logged in the hospital’s internal system for audit purposes.

5. Review and Updates

●​ This SOP should be reviewed and updated periodically (at least annually) to incorporate the latest healthcare
regulations, technological advances, and patient care protocols.