Sheet (4)

1. a) For an air filled waveguide whose inside dimensions are 7.6 cm × 3.8 cm, find the
cutoff frequency and cutoff wavelength for the TE10 mode.

b) For the same wavelength, calculate the field in terms of an arbitrary constant Ho for f =
2. 45 GHz operating in the TE10 mode.
c) The same waveguide has a 𝜆g = 0.2𝑚 as determined by slotted line measurements.
Find the frequency, Phase velocity and group velocity.
d) Find the frequency range over which operation would be restricted to the TE10 mode
only.

2. A rectangular waveguide of inside dimensions 5 cm × 2 cm, operating at frequency of 15

GHz, has 𝐸𝑧 = 20 sin(40𝜋𝑥) sin(50𝜋𝑦) 𝑒−j𝛽𝑧 𝑉/𝑚.
a) What is the propagating mode?
b) Find β for the propagating modes.
c) Determine 𝐸𝑦/𝐸𝑥

3. The dielectric constant of a liquid is to be measured by comparing the wavelength of the

TE10 mode in rectangular waveguide when the dielectric fills the guide and when it is absent.
Derive the formula giving the dielectric constant.

4. a) Show that the attenuation due to conductor loss for the TE10 mode in a rectangular
waveguide with finite conductivity is given by:
𝑅𝑠(2𝑏𝜋2 + 𝑎3𝐾2)
𝛼𝑐 =
𝑎3𝑏𝛽𝐾𝜂
b) A 10 cm length of a K-band copper rectangular waveguide is filled with a dielectric
material with є𝑟 = 2.55 and tan ð = 0.0015. If the operating frequency is 15 GHz, find the total
loss through the guide and the phase delay from the input to the output of the guide. (σcopper =
5.813 × 107, K band WG (1.07 × 0.43 𝑐𝑚2)).

5. a) For a rectangular wave guide of cross section a × b cm and filled with a dielectric
material with relative permittivity є𝑟, prove that the attenuation constant due to conductor losses is
given by:
2
1 𝑏 ( 𝑓)
𝑓𝑐
2𝑅𝑠
𝛼𝑐 = ( + )
2 2 𝑎
𝑏𝜂 √1 − (𝑓𝑐)
𝑓
and the attenuation constant due to the dielectric loss is given by:
𝜎𝜂
𝛼𝑑 = 2
2 √1 − (𝑓𝑐)
𝑓
 b) A rectangular waveguide with 𝑎 = 2𝑏 = 4.8 𝑐𝑚 is filled with teflon with є𝑟 = 2.11 and
loss tangent of 3 × 10−4. Assume that the walls of the guide are coated with gold (𝜎 = 4 ×
107𝑆/𝑚) and that a TE10 wave at 4 GHz propagated down the guide. Find 𝛼𝑐 and 𝛼𝑑.

6. An attenuator can be made using a section of waveguide operating below cutoff, as shown
below. If 𝑎 = 2.286 𝑐𝑚 and the operating frequency is 12 GHz, determine the required length of
the below cutoff section of waveguide to achieve an attenuation of 100 dB between the input, and
output guides. Ignore the effect of reflection at the step discontinuities.

7. Two rectangular waveguides are joined end-to-end. The guides have identical dimensions,
where 𝑎 = 2𝑏. One guide is air-filled; the other is filled with a lossless dielectric material
characterized by ε′ 𝑟.
a) Determine the maximum allowable value of ε𝑟′ such that single-mode
operation can be simultaneously assured in both guides at some frequency.

b) Write an expression for the frequency range over which single-mode

operation will occur in both guides; your answer should be in terms of ε′𝑟, guide
dimensions as needed, and other known constants.

8. Evaluate the power rating of WR90 rectangular waveguide whose inner dimensions are
23mm×11mm. assume the operating frequency is 1.5 times the cutoff frequency. The maximum
permissible electric field intensity is 3× 106V/m before breakdown occurs. Allow a factor of safety
of 2 to take into account the effects of irregularities in the inner surfaces of the guide.

9. Find expressions for the electric surface current density on the walls of a rectangular
waveguide for a 𝑇𝐸10 mode. Why can a narrow slot be cut along the centerline of the broad wall of
a rectangular waveguide without perturbing the operation of the guide? (Such a slot is often used in
a slotted line for a probe to sample the standing wave field inside the guide.)

10. The guided wavelength of a copper rectangular waveguide at 10GHz is 1.2 times the
corresponding wavelength in free space. The guide is required to transmit 500 watts of average
power. If the height-width ratio (b/a) of the waveguide is 0.5, compute:

a) The maximum value of the electric field intensity.

b) The position inside the waveguide of maximum electric field.

c) Current density in each wall of the guide.

d) The attenuation due to conduction loss per unit length of the waveguide.
11. Design a rectangular waveguide for transmitting TE10 mode K-band waves with minimum
attenuation and with minimum change in velocity over the wavelength range 9 to 11mm. the guide
should be incapable of passing any modes other than the TE10 mode in this wavelength range and
any waves at all at wavelengths greater than 15mm. Determine the percentage reduction in
bandwidth that this range represent relative to the theoretical bandwidth for a single propagating
mode.

12. Design a rectangular waveguide to have a center frequency of 10 GHz with maximum
frequency range for single mode of operation with high power capability. Calculate the maximum
power that can propagate in this guide if the dielectric is air which breaks down at 3× 106 V/m.

13. The electromagnetic field inside a rectangular waveguide can be determined from a scalar
function
𝐹(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) = 𝐹1(𝑥, 𝑦)𝑒−𝛾𝑧
That satisfies the equation

14. Obtain solutions for TEn0 modes in a rectangular waveguide partially filled with dielectric
as illustrated in the Fig.

cos(𝑘𝑑𝑥) 0<𝑥<𝑡
Hint: Assume that 𝐻𝑧 = {
Acos(ℎ(𝑎 − 𝑥)) 𝑡<𝑥<𝑎
Match the tangential fields at x = t and prove that the following relations: 𝛽2 = 𝐾02 − ℎ2 =
є𝑟𝐾02 − 𝐾𝑑2and ℎ tan(𝐾𝑑𝑡) = −𝐾𝑑 tan(ℎ𝑑). Note that there are infinite number of solutions for h
and 𝐾𝑑 corresponding to various TEn0 modes. Obtain the numerical values of 𝛽, ℎ and 𝐾𝑑 when
𝐾0 = 2 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑚, 𝑡 = 1𝑐𝑚, 𝑎 = 2.5 𝑎𝑛𝑑 є𝑟 = 4. Note that there is a least order solution when h is
pure imaginary.
15. Consider a circular WG of inner radius a=8mm and filled with a dielectric material
having є𝑟 = 2.3. Compute the cutoff frequencies and identify the first four propagating modes.

16. For an air filled cylindrical waveguide of radius 2 cm find:

a) The minimum frequency at which this guide can be used.

b) If a wave of double the frequency in (a) enters the guide, check how many possible
modes can propagate.

c) For each mode in (b) find the guide wavelength, the phase and group velocities and
intrinsic wave impedance.

17. Find the attenuation in dB/mile for an H01 (TE01) mode in a circular copper guide of
diameter 1 inch. The guide is operating at a frequency equal to 10 times the cutoff frequency. If the
guide is filled with a dielectric of relative permittivity є𝑟 = 2.25 − j0.0005. Find the attenuation
constant.
18. In an air filled cylindrical waveguide of 10 cm diameter, find the mode and frequency of
operation if:
𝐻𝑧 = 3J0(77𝜌) cos(𝜔𝑡 − 30𝜋𝑧) mA/m
Then find the cutoff frequency and wavelength, phase and group velocities, intrinsic wave
impedance and all other field components.

19. For a circular copper waveguide, select a radius such that the TE01 mode has an attenuation
of 20 dB/Km at 4GHz. What are the other modes that can propagate in this case?

20. A circular waveguide is machined from copper of conductivity 𝜎 = 5.8 × 107S/m. Design
the waveguide such that at an operating frequency of 10GHz the attenuation due to finite
conductivity does not exceed 0.2 dB/Km.

21. If a waveguide is to be used to feed a dish antenna 70 meters away from the transmitter of
a carrier frequency 9GHz and frequency modulated with a 1GHz bandwidth. Discuss the design of
such waveguide to have a minimum attenuation and works as single mode waveguide. Find the
attenuation at the carrier frequency.

22. For a circular waveguide of radius 2 cm and wall conductivity 𝜎 = 5.7 × 107S/m, find the
frequency at which the attenuation of TE11 mode is minimum and the value of this attenuation. At
this frequency, what are the modes that can propagate?

23. A copper circular waveguide of radius 1 cm is filled with a dielectric of relative

permittivity given by є𝑟 = є𝑟𝑟 − j є𝑟𝑖 = 2.56 − j0.0001. This waveguide is excited by a source of
frequency 10GHz. Find:

a) The propagating modes.

𝜖
b) The phase and group velocities (vp,vg) of the TE11 mode to order ( r𝑖 )2
𝜖rr
c) The total attenuation factor of the TE11 mode.
24. For circular copper waveguide when operates at the upper edge of its single mode
operation frequency band, gives an attenuation of 0.01dB/m. find the radius of the guide. When this
guide is filled with dielectric material with n=1.5, find the operating frequency to have the same
attenuation as above.

25. Design rectangular waveguide which has a TM11 mode cutoff frequency of 10 GHz and a
TM21 mode cutoff frequency at 15 GHz. Find:
a) The bandwidth of the single mode of operation of this guide.
b) If a circular waveguide is to have the same bandwidth, what is its radius?

26. Consider a square waveguide working in its TM11 mode and a circular waveguide having
the same cross-sectional area, working in TM01 mode. Compare their attenuation constants and
their power handling capabilities. Comment n the results. Note that the above modes have similar
field configurations.