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Basics of Computer System

A computer is an electronic device that processes input data and produces output. Its basic functions include input, processing, storage, and output, with the CPU being the core component that executes instructions. Input devices allow user interaction, while storage devices save data, and output devices display results.

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2 views8 pages

Basics of Computer System

A computer is an electronic device that processes input data and produces output. Its basic functions include input, processing, storage, and output, with the CPU being the core component that executes instructions. Input devices allow user interaction, while storage devices save data, and output devices display results.

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suchitraranjan18
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Basics of Computer System

Computer
A computer is an electronic device that accepts input,
processes it according to instructions, and produces
output.

The term Computer is derived


from word Compute means
to calculate
Basic Functions of a Computer:

1.Input – Receiving data (e.g., from a keyboard, mouse, or microphone).


2.Processing – Performing calculations or operations on the data (handled
by the CPU – Central Processing Unit).
3.Storage – Saving data and instructions for later (using hard drives, SSDs,
or memory).
4.Output – Showing the results (e.g., on a screen, printer, or speaker).

Input Processing Storage Output


Input Device
Input devices are tools that allow you to interact with
and provide data or instructions to a computer.
"Send data INTO the computer"
Processing Device
“The brain of the computer”
It executes instructions and processes data. It includes :

ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit): The ALU is a fundamental part of the CPU responsible for performing
arithmetic operations (like addition, subtraction) and logical operations (like comparisons). Think
of it as the calculator within the computer.

CU (Control Unit): The CU directs the operation of the computer. It acts like a traffic controller,
ensuring that instructions are fetched, decoded, and executed in the correct sequence. It oversees
and manages the ALU, MU, and other parts of the CPU.

MU (Memory Unit): The MU handles the computer's memory. It stores instructions, intermediate
results, and data that the CPU uses. It plays a crucial role in ensuring the CPU can quickly access
necessary data.

Together, these units form the backbone of the CPU, enabling it to execute tasks efficiently.
Storage Device
"Save your data"
These devices store data, either temporarily (short-term) or permanently
(long-term).
Output Device
Output devices display or produce the results of the
computer's processing.
"Show you the result"
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