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Chapter 04 discusses the fundamentals of Operating Systems (OS), defining it as essential software that manages computer hardware and software. It outlines key functions of an OS, such as booting the computer and managing resources, and distinguishes between Command Line Interface (CLI) and Graphical User Interface (GUI). The chapter also highlights the evolution of OS from the 1950s to present-day systems like Microsoft Windows and Linux.

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0 views4 pages

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Chapter 04 discusses the fundamentals of Operating Systems (OS), defining it as essential software that manages computer hardware and software. It outlines key functions of an OS, such as booting the computer and managing resources, and distinguishes between Command Line Interface (CLI) and Graphical User Interface (GUI). The chapter also highlights the evolution of OS from the 1950s to present-day systems like Microsoft Windows and Linux.

Uploaded by

sadiamalik5
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 Chapter # 04 :More on Operating Systems

 Content:
Reading and Explanation

In Copy In Book
Words/ Meanings (01-08) Q#01-Q#05 (Page # 34-36)
Question/Answer (01-05)
Definitions (01-02)

 Words/ Meanings

Words Meanings

01. Important

02. Manages

03. Interact

04. Features

05. Instructions

06. Task

07. Container

08. Collection

 Questions/ Answers
Q.1) Define an Operating System?

Operating System:
An Operating System is the most important software running on the computer. It manages the
computer’s hardware and software.e.g, DOS, MS-Windows.
Q.2) Write any four functions of OS.

Functions Of Operating System:


1. It boots the computer.
2. It manages the hardware e.g. Mouse, keyboard, printer etc.
3. Handles system resources such as computer’s memory.
4. Performs more than one task at the same time.
Q.3) What is user interface? List its two types.
A) A user interacts with the computer through the user interface.
The two main types of user interface are:
1. Command Line Interface (CLI)
2. Graphical User Interface (GUI)

Q.4) Which input devices are used in CLI and GUI?

1.CLI:
Keyboard is the main input device in CLI.

2.GUI:
Mouse and Keyboard are the main input devices in GUI.
Q.5) Which interface is user-friendly? Why is its use easy for humans?
A) Graphical User Interface is user-friendly because it can be used by anyone very easily.The
user interacts by using a mouse to access windows, icons and menus.

 Definition:
 CLI Interface:
CLI stands for Command Line Interface. It is a text based user interface used to interact with
software and operating system by typing commands.

 GUI Interface:
GUI stands for Graphical User Interface that allows users to interact with electronic devices
using visual elements such as Windows, icons, buttons and menus.
Q.6) Write short note on Operating System.

Operating System:
1. An Operating System is a software that acts as an intermediary between computer hardware
and the user.
2. It manages hardware resources and provides a platform for applications to run.
3. It controls the execution of programs, manages memory, processes, storage, and handles input
and output operations.
4. The first OSs were developed in the 1950s to manage mainframe computers, which required
specialized software to efficiently allocate resources.
5. Over time, OSs evolved to support multitasking, user interfaces, and networking capabilities.
6. Today popular Operaing Systems include Microsoft Windows, Linux, and Android, each
serving different types of devices and user needs.

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