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Chapter 2.1 - Boolean Algebra & Logic Functions

Chapter 2 covers Boolean algebra and logic functions, including logic gates and circuits. It explains the relationship between logic expressions and circuits, the use of truth tables, and basic logic operations such as NOT, OR, AND, and NOR. Additionally, it introduces DeMorgan's Theorem for simplifying logical expressions.

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2 views

Chapter 2.1 - Boolean Algebra & Logic Functions

Chapter 2 covers Boolean algebra and logic functions, including logic gates and circuits. It explains the relationship between logic expressions and circuits, the use of truth tables, and basic logic operations such as NOT, OR, AND, and NOR. Additionally, it introduces DeMorgan's Theorem for simplifying logical expressions.

Uploaded by

nguyenducdo35
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Chapter 2

Boolean algebra
and Logic functions
Boolean algebra
and Logic functions

Logic functions, logic gates and logic circuits


Boolean algebra
Karnaugh map
Simplification Using Karnaugh Map
Part 1
Logic functions, logic gates
and logic circuits
Logic functions, logic gates
and logic circuits

The function x = f(A1, A2, …, AN) is called a


N-variable logic function if A1, A2, …,AN are logic
variables and x  X, with X={0,1}.

+ The right side: logic expression.


+ The left side: logic variable.

 Logic expression (Boolean expression) is an algebraic


expression with the operands are logic variables and
operators are basic logic operations.
Logic functions, logic gates
and logic circuits

Logic expressions  Logic circuits


Logic circuits  Logic expressions
The inputs of logic circuits  Logic variables
The outputs of logic circuits  The value of function

+ A logic circuit corresponding to a basic logic


operation of Boolean algebra is called the logic gate.
Logic functions, logic gates
and logic circuits

To describe the operation of a logic function or a circuit


 List all function’s values (the outputs of logic circuit)
based on the a combination of variables’ values
(The inputs of logic circuit)

 Truth table.
Truth Table

The Truth Table for a function x = f(A1, A2, …, AN)


is a table consisting of N+1 columns and 2N rows.
 display all function’s values based on the combination
of variables.

+ Given a set of values of logic variables


 calculate the corresponding function’s value.
Truth Table
Example: The Truth Table for the function x = f1(A,B)
and y = f2(A,B,C) is given as follows:
Basic logic operations
and logic gates
1. NOT operation and NOT gate
+ NOT operation:
One variable function.
Symbol: A  Complement of A, or NOT A
Truth Table:
Basic logic operations
and logic gates

+ NOT gate:

 is a digital circuit performing the NOT operation.


 has one input and one output.
Symbol:
Basic logic operations
and logic gates
+ Pulse diagram of NOT gate:
Basic logic operations
and logic gates

2. 2-input OR operation and gate


+ 2-input OR operation:
 2-variable function.
Symbol: A+B  A or B
Truth Table:
Basic logic operations
and logic gates

+ 2-input OR gate:

 is a digital circuit performing the OR operation.


 has two inputs and one output.
Symbol:
Basic logic operations
and logic gates
+ Pulse diagram of 2-input OR gate:
Basic logic operations
and logic gates

3. 2-input AND operation and gate


+ 2-input AND operation:
 2-variable function.
Symbol: A.B  A and B
Truth Table:
Basic logic operations
and logic gates

+ 2-input AND gate:

 is a digital circuit performing the AND operation.


 has two inputs and one output.
Symbol:
Basic logic operations
and logic gates
+ Pulse diagram of 2-input AND gate:
Basic logic operations
and logic gates
4. 2-input NOR operation and NOR gate.
+ 2-input NOR operation:
 2-variable function.
Symbol: A +B  A nor B
Truth Table:
Basic logic operations
and logic gates
+ 2-input NOR gate:

is a digital circuit performing the NOR operation.


has two inputs and one output.
Symbol:

Meaning:
Basic logic operations
and logic gates
+ Pulse diagram of 2-input NOR diagram:
Basic logic operations
and logic gates
Basic logic operations
and logic gates
Basic logic operations
and logic gates
Basic logic operations
and logic gates
Basic logic operations
and logic gates
Basic logic operations
and logic gates
Basic logic operations
and logic gates
Basic logic operations
and logic gates
Basic logic operations
and logic gates
Basic logic operations
and logic gates
Theorems of logic algebra
Theorems of logic algebra

DeMorgan’s Theorem
(X+Y)’ = X’ . Y’
(X.Y)’ = X’ + Y’
The complement of the sum is the product of the complements
The complement of the product is the sum of the complements
In general
(A+B+….+Z)’ = A’ . B’ . … . Z’
(A.B.C….Z)’ = A’+ B’+ ….+Z’
PRACTICE

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