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Computer RevisionNote

The document provides definitions and explanations of key programming concepts, including programming languages, programs, and various programming methodologies such as object-oriented programming (OOP) and procedure-oriented programming (POP). It also covers important terms like classes, objects, inheritance, polymorphism, and data types, along with details on literals, tokens, and the role of translators like interpreters and compilers. Additionally, it outlines the distinctions between primitive and non-primitive data types, variable declaration, and the use of the final keyword.

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2 views

Computer RevisionNote

The document provides definitions and explanations of key programming concepts, including programming languages, programs, and various programming methodologies such as object-oriented programming (OOP) and procedure-oriented programming (POP). It also covers important terms like classes, objects, inheritance, polymorphism, and data types, along with details on literals, tokens, and the role of translators like interpreters and compilers. Additionally, it outlines the distinctions between primitive and non-primitive data types, variable declaration, and the use of the final keyword.

Uploaded by

neelamsahun41
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Computer Revision Note

 Programming language = the sequence of instructions of any


programming language used to find the solution of a problem is
known as programming language.
 Program = the set of instruction of any programming language
given to the computer to solve a problem is known as program .
 Programming= The procedure used to write the command and
statements of a programming language to find the solution of a
problem is known as programming .
 System programming language= these programming languages are
used to write system programs or system software or an operating
system .
 Application programming language = these programming languages
are used to write programs related to specific area as well as creates
customized software .
 Oop = the object oriented programming is a programming
methodology that helps to organise set of instructions in a proper
sequence to develop program or software .
 Pop= the programming language which contains step by step
procedure to execute is known as program oriented programming .
 Object = an object is a self contained – entity that contain attributes
and behaviour.
 Astraction = the act of representing the essential features of an
object without knowing its background and details is known as
abstraction .
 Encapsulation = the act or way in which data and methods
combined together in the form of single unit is known as
enscapsulation .
 Inheritance = the act or process of acquiring the properties from an
existing class by another class is called Inheritance.
 Polymorphism= the set or process of defining an object in many
forms represented by the same name is known as polymorphism .
 Translator = the program or application that translates a program
into machine language or low level language is known as translator .

It is of two types :

 Interpreter
 Compiler
 Interpreter = the program that translates the source program or
source code to machine language or low lewel language step by
step or line by line is known as interpreter.
 Compiler = the program that translate the source code to machine
language or low level language at once is known as compiler .
 Source code =the set of instructions and statements written by
computer programmer using a programming language to find that
solution of a problem is known as source code or proram.
 Class = a class is a collection of subjects of similar type or a class is a
blueprint of an object.
 Java character set = the set of valid character that a language can
recognize is known as character set .
 Unicode character set = a 16- bit character code set that encode
characers used in the language is known as Unicode character set.
 Tokens = the smallest individual entity in a program to perform
operations is known as token .

The java tokens are of five types:

 Keywords
 Identifiers or variables
 Literals or constants
 Punctuators or separators
 Operators
 Keywords = the words that convey special meaning to the java
compiler are known as keywords. Ex.= abstract , Boolean, break etc.
 Identifiers or variables = the names or words defined by the user
other than the keyword which can change their values in the
program are known as variables or identifiers .
 Literals or constants = the entity which do not change in the
program is known as literal or constant .

There are six types of literals :

 Floating point literal


 Character literal
 Integer literal
 Character literal
 String literal
 Boolean literal
 Null literal

 Integer literal = the literals or constants which contains one or more


digits without any fractional part signed or unsigned is known as
integer literal.

They are of three types :


 Decimal literal = the integer literal which consists of
combustion of digits from 0 to 9 is known as decimal integer
literal . Ex. = 29,0,-371,+67etc.
 Octal literal = it consist of any combustion of the digits from
0 to 7 i.e. eight digits with leading 0 , is known as octal intger
literal. Ex. = 042, 0119, 024 etc.
 Hexadecimal literal = it consists of combination of eight
digits from 0 to 9 and A toF with leading 0x . Ex. = 0x12,
0x584etc.
 Floating literal = a floating point or real literal is a number wit
fractional part . Ex. = 35.,25.6,125.3 etc.
 Character literal = a single character enclosed within a pair of single
quotes or single inverted commas is known as a character literal. Ex
=‘m’, ‘d’ ‘6’etc.
 Escape sequence = the character constant which begins with
backslash (\) followed by one letter that reflects the corresponding
output during execution of code or program is known as escape
sequence.ex.=‘\a’etc.
 String literal =one or more than one character enclosed between
double quotes is known as string literal.Ex= “ Light” etc.
 Boolean literal= the two logical or Boolean true and false is known
as Boolean literal.
 Null literal = it is represented by keyword null or escape sequence‘\
0’.
 Punctuators or separators = the symbol used to indicate where
group of code are divided and arranged are know as separators
punctuators.
 Operators = the specific symbol used to perform some operations
using operands or variables are known as operators .
 Data type= to identify the type of data involved in an operation is
known as data type.

There are two types of data types :

 Primitive = the data types which automatically transferred


in the computer’s memory during the loading of java
application are known as primitive data type .Ex.= byte
short int long.
 Non primitive =the data type formed with the help of
primitive data type is known as non primitive data type .
Ex .= class, interface , array .
 Variable declaration = the process of naming a variable or identifier
along with its data type is known as variable declaration.
 Final keyword = the final keyword is used to convert a variable and
its value to constant . it is also called symbolic constant.

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