Scribd
Upload
6 views19 pages

Centralisedmemory

Chapter 12 discusses centralized shared memory architecture in multiprocessor systems, highlighting its advantages such as data accessibility and simplicity in design. However, it also addresses limitations like bandwidth constraints and cache coherence issues. Centralized memory systems are preferred for small multiprocessor setups where bandwidth demands can be met effectively.

Uploaded by

Suman Chatterjee
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
6 views19 pages

Centralisedmemory

Chapter 12 discusses centralized shared memory architecture in multiprocessor systems, highlighting its advantages such as data accessibility and simplicity in design. However, it also addresses limitations like bandwidth constraints and cache coherence issues. Centralized memory systems are preferred for small multiprocessor setups where bandwidth demands can be met effectively.

Uploaded by

Suman Chatterjee
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 19

Chapter 12: Multiprocessor Architectures

Lesson 06:
Centralized Shared Memory Architecture
Objective

• To understand centralized memory


architectures of multiprocessor systems

Schaum’s Outline of Theory and Problems of Computer Architecture 2


Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Indian Special Edition 2009
Centralized memory systems

Schaum’s Outline of Theory and Problems of Computer Architecture 3


Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Indian Special Edition 2009
Centralized memory architecture

• One memory system for the entire


multiprocessor system
• Memory references from all of the processors go
to that memory system

Schaum’s Outline of Theory and Problems of Computer Architecture 4


Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Indian Special Edition 2009
Centralized Memory Architecture

Schaum’s Outline of Theory and Problems of Computer Architecture 5


Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Indian Special Edition 2009
Advantages of Centralized memory systems

Schaum’s Outline of Theory and Problems of Computer Architecture 6


Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Indian Special Edition 2009
Advantages of Centralized memory systems

• All of the data in the memory accessible to any


processor
• Never a problem with multiple copies of a given
datum existence

Schaum’s Outline of Theory and Problems of Computer Architecture 7


Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Indian Special Edition 2009
The limitations

Schaum’s Outline of Theory and Problems of Computer Architecture 8


Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Indian Special Edition 2009
Limitations of Centralized memory systems

• Bandwidth of the centralized memory system


does not grow as the number of processors in the
machine increases
• Latency of the network added to the latency of
each memory reference

Schaum’s Outline of Theory and Problems of Computer Architecture 9


Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Indian Special Edition 2009
Addressing the limitations

Schaum’s Outline of Theory and Problems of Computer Architecture 10


Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Indian Special Edition 2009
Addressing the limitations

• Many centralized-memory multiprocessors


provide a local cache for each processor
• Only send requests that miss in the processor’s
cache over the network to the main memory

Schaum’s Outline of Theory and Problems of Computer Architecture 11


Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Indian Special Edition 2009
Addressing the limitations

• Requests that hit in the cache handled quickly


and do not need to travel over the network
• Reducing the amount of data that the network
must carry
• Thus allowing the main memory to support more
processors

Schaum’s Outline of Theory and Problems of Computer Architecture 12


Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Indian Special Edition 2009
Problem with more than one copy in caches

• More than one cache may have a copy of a given


memory location, creating some cache
coherence problem

Schaum’s Outline of Theory and Problems of Computer Architecture 13


Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Indian Special Edition 2009
Preference for centralized in small
multiprocessor systems

Schaum’s Outline of Theory and Problems of Computer Architecture 14


Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Indian Special Edition 2009
Preference for centralized in small
multiprocessor systems
• Centralized memory systems often the better
design when the number of processors in the
system small
• For these systems, a single memory system may
be able to meet the bandwidth demands of the
processors, particularly if each processor has a
local cache memory

Schaum’s Outline of Theory and Problems of Computer Architecture 15


Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Indian Special Edition 2009
Advantages of meeting bandwidth demand

• The reduction in design and programming


complexity that comes from not having to
manage multiple independent memories

Schaum’s Outline of Theory and Problems of Computer Architecture 16


Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Indian Special Edition 2009
Summary

Schaum’s Outline of Theory and Problems of Computer Architecture 17


Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Indian Special Edition 2009
We Learnt

• Centralized memory system


• Limitations of centralized
• Better for small multiprocessors systems

Schaum’s Outline of Theory and Problems of Computer Architecture 18


Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Indian Special Edition 2009
End of Lesson 06 on
Centralized Shared Memory Architecture

Schaum’s Outline of Theory and Problems of Computer Architecture 19


Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Indian Special Edition 2009

You might also like