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File Handling in Python

File handling in Python allows for efficient reading, writing, and manipulation of files using built-in functions. The open() function is used to open files in various modes, and it is recommended to use the with statement for proper file closure. Key operations include reading with read(), readline(), and readlines(), as well as writing with write() and writelines().

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7 views3 pages

File Handling in Python

File handling in Python allows for efficient reading, writing, and manipulation of files using built-in functions. The open() function is used to open files in various modes, and it is recommended to use the with statement for proper file closure. Key operations include reading with read(), readline(), and readlines(), as well as writing with write() and writelines().

Uploaded by

Akshat Joshi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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File Handling in Python

File handling in Python is a crucial aspect of programming that


allows you to read, write, and manipulate files. Python provides
built-in functions and methods to handle file operations
efficiently.

Opening and Closing Files

The built-in open() function is used to open a file. It takes the file
path and mode as arguments. Common modes are:

 'r' : Read (default mode)


 'w' : Write (creates a new file if it doesn't exist or truncates
the file if it exists)
 'a' : Append (creates a new file if it doesn't exist)
 'b' : Binary mode (used with other modes like 'rb', 'wb')
 '+' : Read and Write (used with other modes like 'r+', 'w+',
'a+')

Example:

# Open a file in read mode


file = open("example.txt", "r")

# Close the file


file.close()
Using with Statement

Using the with statement is a better practice because it ensures


the file is properly closed after its suite finishes, even if an
exception is raised.

Example:

# Using with statement to open a file


with open("example.txt", "r") as file:
content = file.read()
print(content)

Reading Files

 read(): Reads the entire content of the file.


 readline(): Reads one line from the file.
 readlines(): Reads all the lines and returns them as a list.

Example:

with open("example.txt", "r") as file:


content = file.read() # Read the entire content
file.seek(0) # Move the cursor to the beginning
first_line = file.readline() # Read the first line
file.seek(0) # Move the cursor to the beginning
all_lines = file.readlines() # Read all lines as a list

print("Entire content:", content)


print("First line:", first_line)
print("All lines:", all_lines)

Writing Files

 write(): Writes a string to the file.


 writelines(): Writes a list of strings to the file.

Example:

with open("example.txt", "w") as file:


file.write("Hello, World!\n")
file.writelines(["This is the first line.\n", "This is the second
line.\n"])

Appending to Files

 a mode: Opens the file for appending.

Example:

with open("example.txt", "a") as file:


file.write("This is an appended line.\n")

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