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Spring 2025 - STA301 - BC230214876

The document presents a statistical analysis of students' grades in English, including a frequency distribution, measures of central tendency (mean, median, mode), and a histogram. It also analyzes the relationship between study hours and exam scores through a scatter plot and regression line, indicating that each additional hour of study increases exam scores by 2.86 points. The mean score is 49.166, the median is 46, and the modes are 16 and 62, highlighting the overall performance and common scores among students.

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10 views4 pages

Spring 2025 - STA301 - BC230214876

The document presents a statistical analysis of students' grades in English, including a frequency distribution, measures of central tendency (mean, median, mode), and a histogram. It also analyzes the relationship between study hours and exam scores through a scatter plot and regression line, indicating that each additional hour of study increases exam scores by 2.86 points. The mean score is 49.166, the median is 46, and the modes are 16 and 62, highlighting the overall performance and common scores among students.

Uploaded by

saadshahrukh123
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Question 1: Marks: 10

Grades in English of 50 students are given below:


72, 76, 83, 77, 0, 22, 70, 21, 9, 62, 52, 16, 95, 31, 73, 91, 16, 62, 37, 66,
62, 37, 31, 84, 66, 8, 73, 84, 88, 33, 19, 8, 77, 75, 17, 91, 71, 13, 30, 68,
12, 25, 30, 92, 10, 97, 38, 32, 16, 40.
1) Construct a frequency distribution.
2) Calculate any three measures of central tendency and interpret the results.
3) Create a histogram.
Solution:

Class Interval Frequency


0–9 4
10 – 19 8
20 – 29 3
30 – 39 9
40 – 49 1
50 – 59 1
60 – 69 6
70 – 79 9
80 – 89 4
90 – 99 5

Step 2: Measure of central tendency


A Mean

B. Median

To find the median, we arrange the data in ascending order and we will find the middle value.
0, 8, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13,
50 values → Median average of 25th and 26th values Arranged data 16, 16, 16, 17, 19, 21,
22, 25, 30, 30, 31, 31, 32, 33, 37, 37, 38, 40, 52, 62,...

Ordered Data (Middle Values: 25th and 26th):


C. Mode:

Mode
Value with highest frequency From data: 16 and 62 appear three times each Mode 16 and 62
(Bimodal)

Step 3: Interpretation
The mean is 49.166, which means that students scored about 58 marks on average. It gives us
a general idea of the overall performance.
The median is 46, so half of the students scored less than 46 and the other half scored more. It
shows the middle score in the list.
The mode is 16 and 62, meaning these two marks were scored most often by students. It
shows the most common scores in the data.

Step 4: Histogram

5
60
50
40
30
5
20
10
0
Exa
m
Scor
es
(Y)

Question 2: Marks: 10

The following table shows the number of study hours per week (X) and the exam scores (Y)
for a group of students.
Study
5 8 10 12 15 18 20
Hours (X)
Exam
50 65 70 75 85 90 95
Scores (Y)

1) Create a scatter plot and provide an interpretation.


2) Apply an appropriate regression line with justification and interpret the results.
Step 1: Scatter Plot

Exam Scores (Y)


100
90
80
70
60 Exam Scores (Y)
50
40
30
20
10
0
4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22

Step 2: Calculating a regression line:


We use the formula: Y = a + bX
Where:

2 2
X Y XY X Y
5 50 250 25 2500
8 65 520 64 4225
10 70 700 100 4900
12 75 900 144 5625
15 85 1275 225 7225
18 90 1620 324 8100
20 95 1900 400 9025
For every additional hour of study, the exam score increases by 2.86 points.
The intercept (39.78) represents the predicted score with 0 study hours, though this is not
practically meaningful.

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