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CSC 112 Assignment

The document outlines key concepts in computer graphics and image processing, including rasterization, geometric transformations, and color depth. It discusses applications across various industries such as film, gaming, architecture, medicine, and automotive design. Additionally, it covers technical aspects like pixel resolution, hidden surface elimination, and the role of OpenGL in rendering.

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aladejanasamuel2008
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11 views

CSC 112 Assignment

The document outlines key concepts in computer graphics and image processing, including rasterization, geometric transformations, and color depth. It discusses applications across various industries such as film, gaming, architecture, medicine, and automotive design. Additionally, it covers technical aspects like pixel resolution, hidden surface elimination, and the role of OpenGL in rendering.

Uploaded by

aladejanasamuel2008
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba

Akoko, Ondo State

NAME: Aladejana Samuel Oluwasegun

MATRIC NUMBER: 241206010

COURSE CODE: CSC 112

COURSE TITLE: Computer Graphics and image


processing

DEPARTMENT: Software Engineering

Group 7 Questions
1.​Rasterization

Converting vector primitives (lines, triangles) into a grid of


pixels. It is the core steps that paints 2D fragments to the screen
in the rendering pipeline
2.​Importance of Geometric Transformations

They let us translate, rotate, scale and scew objects, enabling


object placement, animation, and changing viewpoints in a scene.
3.​Color Depth

The number of bits used per pixel (e.g. 8-bit vs. 24-bit) Higher
depth yeilds more distinct colours and smoother gradients,
reducing banding.
4.​Five industries & Applications

-​ Film & Animation: CGI and effect

- Video Games: Real-time 3D worlds

- Architecture: Virtual Walkthroughs

- Medicine: 3D imaging and simulation

- Automotive: Design Visualization and VR


prototyping
5.​Pixel and Resolution

Pixels are discrete picture elements; higher


resolution (more pixel) produces final details and
sharper images.
6.​Rotation in Transformation

Rotating an object by an angle θ around an axis


using a rotation matrix (e.g. Spinning a 2D
sprite).
7.​Hidden Surface elimination

Techniques (like Z-buffering) ensure only visible


surfaces are drawn, improving realism and
performance by skipping occluded fragments.
8.​LCD vs. LED Displays

-​ LCD: Uses fluorescent backlight + liquid crystals


-​ LED: Uses light-emitting diodes for backlighting

LEDs are more energy-efficient, thinner and offer


better contrast.
9.​Mathematical Algorithms for 3D Models

Linear algebra and optimisation drive mesh


generation, subdivision, deformation and
physics, enabling precise and realistic shapes.
10.​ Shading for realism

Circulates light-surface interactions (e.g. Phong,


Gouraud) to simulate highlights, shadows, and
surface detail.
11.​ Simulation Benefits in Education

Provide interactive, risk-free environments (e.g.


flight sims, virtual labs) that deepen
understanding and engagement.
12.​ Role of OpenGL

A cross-platform API for issuing drawing


commands, managing shaders and GPU
resources and standardizing 2D/3D rendering .
13.​ Anti-Aliasing

Smooths jagged edges by sampling or filtering


(e.g. MSAA, FXAA), improving visual quality
along diagonals and curves.
14.​ Perspective Projection

Projects 3D points onto a 2D plane with depth


foreshortening, creating the illusion of distance
and realistic spatial relationship.
15.​ Scaling In 2D and 3D

Multiple coordinates by scale factors (sx, sy, sz)


via a diagonal matrix to enlarge or shrink objects
uniformly or non-uniformly.
16.​ Advantages of 3D over 2D Graphics

True depth, dynamic camera movement, more


immersive interaction, and easier reuse of model
for different views.
17.​ Essential input devices

Devices (mouse, touchscreen, VR controllers)


capture user intent-crucial for navigation,
selection, manipulation in graphics application.
18.​ Purpose of Shading;

To simulate how light interacts with


surfaces-defining color, brightness and texture
cues that make object appear three-dimensional

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