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Python_Track-DS_Basics(Lists_and_Tuples)

The document provides an overview of basic data structures in Python, focusing on lists and tuples. It covers the creation, modification, and common operations of lists, as well as the characteristics and uses of tuples. Additionally, it highlights the differences between lists and tuples, emphasizing the immutability and memory efficiency of tuples.

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luuluna721
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2 views

Python_Track-DS_Basics(Lists_and_Tuples)

The document provides an overview of basic data structures in Python, focusing on lists and tuples. It covers the creation, modification, and common operations of lists, as well as the characteristics and uses of tuples. Additionally, it highlights the differences between lists and tuples, emphasizing the immutability and memory efficiency of tuples.

Uploaded by

luuluna721
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Python Track

Basic data structures


(Lists and Tuples)
Lecture Flow
● Lists
● Tuples
Lists
What are lists?

● Lists are fundamental data structures in Python used to store collections


of data.
● They can hold items of any data type, including numbers, strings, and
even other lists.
● Lists are ordered, changeable, and allow duplicate values.
Creating lists

● Lists can be created using square brackets [] and separating items with
commas.
● The list() constructor can also be used to create lists.

# Creating a list using square brackets


fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]

# Convert iterables to list using the list() constructor


numbers = list((1, 2, 3, 4, 5))
List data types
List items can be of any data type
● list1 = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
● list2 = [1, 5, 7, 9, 3]
● list3 = [True, False, False]
● list4 = ["abc", 34, True, 40.5, "male"]
Accessing List Items
● List items are accessed using their index number, starting from 0.
● Negative indexing can be used to access items from the end of the list.
nums = [10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19]
# Accessing the first item
nums[0]
# Accessing the last item
nums[-1]
Slicing Lists
● Slicing allows extracting a sublist from a list.
● Slicing uses the colon : to separate start (inclusive) and end indices (exclusive).

nums = [10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19]
# Extracting a sublist from index 2 to index 4

nums[2:5] # [12, 13, 14]

nums[-4 : -1] ??
Modifying Lists
● Lists are mutable, allowing you to change their contents.
● You can modify items using their index or extend the list using append()
and insert().
● You can also remove items using remove() and pop().
Examples
fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
# Changing the first item
fruits[0] = "orange" # fruits = ["orange", "banana", "cherry"]
# Adding an item to the end
fruits.append("mango") # fruits = ["orange", "banana", "cherry", "mango"]
# Removing an item by value
fruits.remove("cherry") # fruits = ["orange", "banana", "mango"]
# Removing the last item
removed_item = fruits.pop() # removed_item = "mango", fruits =
["orange", "banana"]
Common List Operations
● Checking if an item exists: in keyword
● Sorting a list: sort() method
● sorted ( nums , key = myFunction ( ), reverse = True/False)
● Reversing a list: reverse() method
Examples
fruits = ["orange", "banana"]
# Checking if "orange" exists in the list
if "orange" in fruits:
print("Yes, orange is in the list")
# Sorting the list in ascending order
fruits.sort() # fruits = ["banana", "orange"]
# Reversing the sorted list
fruits.reverse() # fruits = ["orange", "banana"]
Combining Lists
● Concatenating lists using the + operator or extend() method
● Adding items from one list to another individually
Examples
numbers = [1, 2, 3]

fruits = ["orange", "banana"]


# Concatenating lists using '+' operator

new_list = fruits + numbers # new_list = ["orange", "banana", 1, 2, 3]

# Extending a list using extend() method

fruits.extend(numbers) # fruits = ["orange", "banana", 1, 2, 3]


Traversing Lists
● Iterating through lists using for loops
● Accessing both index and value using enumerate() function
● for index in range(len(nums)):
print(nums[index])

● for num in nums:


print(num)

● for index, num in enumerate(nums):


print(index, num)
List Comprehension
Let’s try to find even_numbers from the given array number.
numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
even_numbers = []
for num in numbers:
if num % 2 == 0:
even_numbers.append(num)
List Comprehension
● Creating new lists based on existing lists
● Using expressions and conditions to filter and transform list elements

# Creating a list of even numbers from a list of numbers


numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
even_numbers = [num for num in numbers if num % 2 == 0]
# even_numbers = [2, 4]
Why List Comprehension?
my_list = [[0]] * 5
my_list = ? #[[0], [0], [0], [0], [0]]
my_list[0][0] = 1
my_list = ?
Why List Comprehension?
my_list = [[0]] * 5
my_list[0][0] = 1
my_list = [[1], [1], [1], [1], [1]] # Why?
Why List Comprehension?
● Creates 5 references to the same inner list [0].
● Changing one inner list modifies all, as they share the same memory
location.
Why List Comprehension?
my_list = [[0] for _ in range(5)]
my_list[0][0] = 1
# Result: [[1], [0], [0], [0], [0]]
● Creates a new, independent list for each iteration.
● Each inner list is stored in a unique memory location.
Other List Methods
Tuples
What are Tuples?

● A tuple is a collection which is ordered, allows duplicates and is


unchangeable. Tuples are also known as Immutable Lists.

● Tuples are written with round brackets.


○ fruits = ("apple", "banana", "cherry")
○ fruit = ("apple")
Creating Tuples
● Tuples are written with round brackets ().
● This is called ‘packing’ a tuple.
fruits = ("apple", "banana", "cherry")
fruit = ("apple",) # or just () to create an empty one
● The tuple() constructor:
fruits = tuple(["apple", "banana", "cherry"])
numbers = tuple()
Unpacking tuples
● In Python, we are also allowed to extract the values back into variables.
This is called "unpacking".
fruits = ("apple", "banana", "cherry")
(green, yellow, red) = fruits
fruits = ("apple", "banana", "cherry", “oranges”, “pineapples”)
green, yellow, *red = fruits
Unpacking tuples
● In Python, we are also allowed to extract the values back into variables. This is
called "unpacking".
fruits = ("apple", "banana", "cherry")
(green, yellow, red) = fruits
fruits = ("apple", "banana", "cherry", “oranges”, “pineapples”)
(green, yellow, *red) = fruits #red = [“cherry”,“oranges”, “pineapples”]
Tuples
● Is it possible to
○ add an element to a Tuple? How?
○ delete an element?
○ join two tuples?
Tuple Similarities with List

● Similar data types


● Slicing and Indexing
● Similar Iteration

Q: Is it possible to have “Tuple Comprehension” ?


Tuple Methods
Why Do We Need Tuples When We Have
Lists?
Why Tuples?
● Tuples are immutable, ensuring data cannot be changed.
● Tuples are faster than lists due to their fixed size.
● Tuples consume less memory than lists.
● Tuples are hashable and can be used as dictionary keys or set
elements.
Practice Problems
List Comprehension
Runner-up Score
Nested LIsts
Lists
Quote of the Day

“A boat doesn’t go forward if each one is rowing their


own way.”
- Swahili Proverb

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