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ENGR 111 Lecture 12 - Excel 5

The document discusses the use of Excel's Goal Seek and SOLVER tools for iterative solutions in projectile motion analysis. It explains how to determine the necessary launch velocity or angle to hit specific targets using these tools, providing examples and constraints for practical applications. Additionally, it illustrates how SOLVER can optimize production schedules for multiple products while adhering to constraints to maximize profit.

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14 views15 pages

ENGR 111 Lecture 12 - Excel 5

The document discusses the use of Excel's Goal Seek and SOLVER tools for iterative solutions in projectile motion analysis. It explains how to determine the necessary launch velocity or angle to hit specific targets using these tools, providing examples and constraints for practical applications. Additionally, it illustrates how SOLVER can optimize production schedules for multiple products while adhering to constraints to maximize profit.

Uploaded by

sps23lab
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ENGR 111 Lecture 12: Excel, Part 5

Goal Seek
SOLVER

1
Iterative Solutions

• Let’s go back to the spreadsheet that we worked


on for projectile motion:

– Based on some very basic inputs, we can


completely define the trajectory of the projectile
through its launch.

• We can use this to also perform analysis:

– For example, if the launch angle was 45°, how fast


do we need to launch the projectile to hit a point
that’s 655 meters away.

2
Iterative Solutions (cont’d)

• We can go into our sheet and keep iterating the initial velocity until we
achieve an xmax value of 655 meters:

– In other words
• Try a value of V0
• Observe the resulting xmax value
• Try a new value of V0 by increasing/decreasing the original value
– In other words, does V0 need to increase to reach xmax = 655 m, or does it need to
decrease?
• Rinse and repeat until you’ve achieved the desired level of accuracy!

• After iterating a few times, you should get a solution of around 80.16 m/s

3
Goal Seek

• There are a couple of tools in Excel that can do iteration for you :
– Goal Seek (easier to use, but less powerful)
– SOLVER (a little more involved, but many more capabilities)

• Let’s try Goal Seek (in the Data tab of the Ribbon):

4
Goal Seek (cont’d)

• This will pop up the following window:


– Enter the following (you can click on the relevant cells instead of typing).
– Also, Excel will automatically lock cell references.
• Done correctly, you should get a result something like this:

5
Goal Seek (cont’d)
• Here’s a few other examples for practice :

– If your cannon is stuck at 30°, what initial velocity is needed to hit a target 400
meters away?
• 67.313 m/s

– If your cannon is stuck at 10°, what initial velocity is needed to hit a target 400
meters away?
• 107.112 m/s

– If your cannon can only fire at 37 m/s, what initial angle is needed to hit a target
125 meters away?
• Which one? (31.801°, 58.199°)

6
SOLVER

• Goal Seek works well with “simple” targets. However, if you have a
more involved problem, SOLVER is more robust.
– First, we need to add SOLVER to our interface:
• Got to “File,” then “Options” at the bottom.
• Go to Add-Ins, then hit the “Go” button at the bottom
• Make sure “Analysis TookPak” and “Solver Add-In” are checked.
• Click “OK” to confirm settings.
– Done correctly, your Data tab should look like this:

7
SOLVER (cont’d)

8
SOLVER (cont’d)

• Let’s try and use SOLVER for that last example:

– If your cannon can only fire at 37 m/s, what initial angle is needed to hit a target
125 meters away?
• We got two answers (31.801°, 58.199°)

– Let’s try and use SOLVER:


• We’ll shoot for the smaller angle by telling solver that the answer has to be less than
something like 45°
• We call this type of restriction a constraint.

9
SOLVER (cont’d)

• The setup should look something like this


window when it’s all completed:

– If you’ve set the SOLVER parameters up


correctly, the box below should pop up:

10
SOLVER (cont’d)

• Here’s another example where SOLVER really shines:

– Let’s say that you are the production manager for a company that makes three
different products. For every unit of product you make, you earn some profit.
The table below details how much product you earn for each unit you
manufacture:
Product Profit/Unit
Product A $13.00
Product B $18.00
Product C $22.00

– Obviously, you want to sell as much Product C units as possible!

11
SOLVER (cont’d)

• However, due to pre-existing contracts with various clients and limitations on


materials, we have the following constraints with our production:

– You must product exactly 300 units each day.


– You need 50 units per day of Product A to fill an existing order.
– You need 40 units per day of Product B to fill an existing order.
– Because of limited supply of resources, you can’t produce more than 40 units of
Product C per day.

• Based on these constraints, what production schedule will generate the most
profit for your company?

12
SOLVER (cont’d)

• First, let’s set up the following table:


– We’ll enter “25” units for each product just to generate some values.

Products Units Profit/Unit Profit


A 25 $ 13.00 $ 325.00
B 25 $ 18.00 $ 450.00
C 25 $ 22.00 $ 550.00
75 $ 1,325.00

– Note that we are using Excel to compute profit in the right hand column and the
sums on the lower row.

13
SOLVER (cont’d)

• Our resulting SOLVER input is a little more


involved:

– We’re maximizing E6 instead of solving for a


given value.
– We have multiple constraints.

14
SOLVER (cont’d)

• Done correctly, you should yield the following:

Products Units Profit/Unit Profit


A 50 $ 13.00 $ 650.00
B 210 $ 18.00 $ 3,780.00
C 40 $ 22.00 $ 880.00
300 $ 5,310.00

– We’ve maximized our production of Product C:


– Product B is more profitable than Product A, so we have more of them.
– Ultimately, we’ve produced 300 units.

15

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