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Graphics in WinForms

The document explains how to use the Graphics object in WinForms for drawing shapes, text, and images. It details methods for obtaining a Graphics object, provides code examples for drawing lines, triangles, rectangles, circles, and even a smiley face, as well as creating a digital clock and a simple paint application. The document emphasizes the use of the OnPaint method for drawing and includes tips for managing resources like pens and brushes.

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8 views5 pages

Graphics in WinForms

The document explains how to use the Graphics object in WinForms for drawing shapes, text, and images. It details methods for obtaining a Graphics object, provides code examples for drawing lines, triangles, rectangles, circles, and even a smiley face, as well as creating a digital clock and a simple paint application. The document emphasizes the use of the OnPaint method for drawing and includes tips for managing resources like pens and brushes.

Uploaded by

alieeyraza1601
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Using the Graphics Object in WinForms

In WinForms, drawing is done using the Graphics object.


💡 The Graphics object represents a drawing surface and provides methods to
draw shapes, text, and images.

How to Get a Graphics Object?

There are three ways to create a Graphics object:


1️Using e.Graphics in the OnPaint method (Recommended).
2️Calling this.CreateGraphics() (Not recommended for persistent
drawing).
3️Using a Bitmap and Graphics.FromImage() (For off-screen drawing).

Example: Drawing a Simple Line on a Form

Let's create a WinForms application and draw a line using


Graphics.DrawLine().

Step 1: Create a WinForms Application

1. Open Visual Studio.

2. Create a new Windows Forms App (.NET Framework) project.

3. Name it WinFormsGraphicsLesson1.

4. Open the Form1.cs file.

Example: Drawing a Line in C# using GDI+

using System;

using System.Drawing;

using System.Windows.Forms;

public class MyForm : Form

protected override void OnPaint(PaintEventArgs e)

{
base.OnPaint(e);

Graphics g = e.Graphics; // Get the Graphics object

Pen pen = new Pen(Color.Blue, 2); // Create a blue pen with width 2

g.DrawLine(pen, 10, 10, 200, 200); // Draw a diagonal line

pen.dispose();

Explanation of Code:

✔ OnPaint(PaintEventArgs e) → This method handles drawing when the


form is repainted.
✔ e.Graphics → Gets the Graphics object associated with the form.
✔ Pen(Color.Red, 3) → Creates a red pen with a thickness of 3.
✔ g.DrawLine(pen, 50, 50, 200, 200) → Draws a line from (50,50) to
(200,200).
✔ pen.Dispose() → Releases system resources used by the pen.

Draw a Triangle

Objective: Modify the program to draw a triangle using three lines.

Hint: Use DrawLine() to connect three points.

Pen pen = new Pen(Color.Blue, 3);

g.DrawLine(pen, 100, 50, 50, 150); // Line 1

g.DrawLine(pen, 50, 150, 150, 150); // Line 2

g.DrawLine(pen, 150, 150, 100, 50); // Line 3

pen.Dispose();

Draw a Rectangle and Fill It with Color

Objective: Use DrawRectangle() and FillRectangle().

Pen pen = new Pen(Color.Green, 3);

Brush brush = new SolidBrush(Color.Yellow);


g.DrawRectangle(pen, 50, 50, 150, 100);

g.FillRectangle(brush, 50, 50, 150, 100);

pen.Dispose();

brush.Dispose();

Draw a Circle (Ellipse)

Objective: Use DrawEllipse() to create a circle.

Pen pen = new Pen(Color.Red, 3);

g.DrawEllipse(pen, 50, 50, 100, 100); // Draws a circle

pen.Dispose();

Draw a Smiley Face

Objective: Use DrawEllipse(), FillEllipse(), and DrawArc().

// Face

Brush faceBrush = new SolidBrush(Color.Yellow);

g.FillEllipse(faceBrush, 50, 50, 100, 100);

// Eyes

Brush eyeBrush = new SolidBrush(Color.Black);

g.FillEllipse(eyeBrush, 70, 80, 10, 10);

g.FillEllipse(eyeBrush, 120, 80, 10, 10);

// Smile

Pen smilePen = new Pen(Color.Black, 3);

g.DrawArc(smilePen, 70, 90, 60, 40, 0, -180);

Draw a Digital Clock


Objective: Display the current time using DrawString().

string time = DateTime.Now.ToString("hh:mm:ss tt");

Font font = new Font("Arial", 16, FontStyle.Bold);

Brush brush = new SolidBrush(Color.Black);

g.DrawString(time, font, brush, 50, 50);

Draw a Moving Ball (Basic Animation)

Objective: Use Timer to move a ball across the screen.

//write this code in constructor

int x = 50;

Timer timer = new Timer { Interval = 50 };

timer.Tick += (s, e) => { x += 5; this.Invalidate(); };

timer.Start();

protected override void OnPaint(PaintEventArgs e)

Graphics g = e.Graphics;

Brush brush = new SolidBrush(Color.Blue);

g.FillEllipse(brush, x, 100, 50, 50);

Create a Simple Paint App

Objective: Allow users to draw with the mouse (MouseDown, MouseMove).

bool drawing = false;

Point lastPoint;

this.MouseDown += (s, e) => { drawing = true; lastPoint = e.Location; };


this.MouseUp += (s, e) => { drawing = false; };

this.MouseMove += (s, e) =>

if (drawing)

Graphics g = this.CreateGraphics();

Pen pen = new Pen(Color.Black, 2);

g.DrawLine(pen, lastPoint, e.Location);

lastPoint = e.Location;

};

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