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Tkinter Python

Tkinter is Python's standard GUI package that wraps the Tcl/Tk toolkit and comes pre-installed with Python. The document provides a basic structure for creating a Tkinter application, including examples of various widgets and layout managers, as well as event handling and file dialogs. It concludes with a simple login GUI example and important notes on best practices for using Tkinter.

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2 views

Tkinter Python

Tkinter is Python's standard GUI package that wraps the Tcl/Tk toolkit and comes pre-installed with Python. The document provides a basic structure for creating a Tkinter application, including examples of various widgets and layout managers, as well as event handling and file dialogs. It concludes with a simple login GUI example and important notes on best practices for using Tkinter.

Uploaded by

ha3021413
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Tkinter: Python GUI Programming

What is Tkinter?

• Tkinter is Python's standard GUI (Graphical User Interface) package.

• It is a wrapper around the Tcl/Tk GUI toolkit.

• Comes pre-installed with Python → no need for external installation

Basic Tkinter Structure

import tkinter as tk

# Create the main application window

root = tk.Tk()

# Set the window title

root.title("My First GUI")

# Set the window size

root.geometry("300x200")

# Add widgets here

# Start the GUI event loop

root.mainloop()

Widgets (GUI Elements)

Label – Display text Button – Trigger actions


label = tk.Label(root, text="Hello, Tkinter!") def on_click():
label.pack() print("Button clicked!")
button = tk.Button(root, text="Click Me", command=on_click)
Entry – Input field for one-line text Text – Multi-line text input
entry = tk.Entry(root) text_box = tk.Text(root, height=5, width=30)
entry.pack() text_box.pack()
Checkbutton – Checkbox (on/off) Radiobutton – Select one from many
var = tk.IntVar() var = tk.StringVar()
check = tk.Checkbutton(root, text="Check radio1 = tk.Radiobutton(root, text="Option A", variable=var,
me", variable=var) value="A")
check.pack() radio2 = tk.Radiobutton(root, text="Option B", variable=var,
value="B")
radio1.pack()
radio2.pack()
Listbox – Select from list Scale – Slider
listbox = tk.Listbox(root) scale = tk.Scale(root, from_=0, to=100, orient=tk.HORIZONTAL)
listbox.insert(1, "Python") scale.pack()
listbox.insert(2, "Java")
listbox.insert(3, "C++")
listbox.pack()
Layout Managers .grid() – Place widgets in rows and columns
.pack() – Simplest, stack widgets label.grid(row=0, column=0)
vertically/horizontally entry.grid(row=0, column=1)
label.pack()
.place() – Absolute positioning Widget Options
label.place(x=50, y=100) • text: sets label or button text
• bg: background color
• fg: foreground (text) color
• font: font type and size (e.g., ("Arial", 12, "bold"))
• width, height: size
• command: function called on click
tk.Button(root, text="OK", bg="green", fg="white",
font=("Helvetica", 12)).pack()

Event Handling

def say_hello():

print("Hello!")

button = tk.Button(root, text="Say Hello", command=say_hello)

Binding events:

def on_key(event):

print(f"Key pressed: {event.char}")

root.bind("<Key>", on_key)

File Dialogs:

from tkinter import filedialog

def open_file():

file_path = filedialog.askopenfilename()

print(file_path)
tk.Button(root, text="Open File", command=open_file).pack()

Message Boxes

from tkinter import messagebox

messagebox.showinfo("Title", "This is an information message.")

Adding Images

from tkinter import PhotoImage

img = PhotoImage(file="image.png")

label = tk.Label(root, image=img)

label.pack()

Simple Example – Login GUI

import tkinter as tk

def login():

user = username.get()

pwd = password.get()

print(f"Username: {user}, Password: {pwd}")

root = tk.Tk()

root.title("Login")

root.geometry("300x150")

tk.Label(root, text="Username").pack()

username = tk.Entry(root)

username.pack()

tk.Label(root, text="Password").pack()

password = tk.Entry(root, show="*")

password.pack()

tk.Button(root, text="Login", command=login).pack()

root.mainloop()
Note:

• Always end with root.mainloop() to keep the window running.

• Use tk.Frame() to group widgets.

• Avoid mixing pack() and grid() in the same container.

• Use .get() to read values from Entry or Text.

• Start small and build incrementally.

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