Unait—Ie The squenty Suaponte, the steady stake Sapo (@ipt) of a syplen when the dap to he spkm fs a sinv sical stynal. - Considey at legeav Fiche fvasian (11) eyslon , shown fo fig. let %€) ke an, Topet (siavsoidal signal). The csporte of ofp JE) & abe a Sruscidal stymal of same fepeesy bob with ottfjuant- rocagcicbock, ant phew vangh, ‘ : xf) a x= X Soot —[aP| mw) Y= Y sin fot 2) The magflhde and plac, Selaboncip bho Pre afowida] topok and Te sheody stoke op 2} @ pple fs The feperey auaspante cay {fone Favariant 3 The Peper dh fh Susponte. sodeponden of the amp , and pase of Pe na % gral, obtained “The epensy Sayer ab pon ’ ° of The Sopot staf by Kepiog Bey voi Beye J aha cane ale! he reegnthide of He topo $9” “The frqvenuy — Quapenie Gan be evaleafed for holh gen leop and close! loop syshen- OLTF G{je) = [oo] 20%) LIF eedaige) = | de] 2 469 Hee) CLIE es = rie) = rie) LG)[7 afioaags Geary pene apabipsts ate He follestg ce pb the abgolole an., aclaby, shabeleéy. Ch ire cn sytem - ean be ealfrrakd “fon He. a of pheiv Loop fre guy a. Te foetal talbng af a, Splen cai be cast, canted cot avaklable etl 2fpnat Tp aed preeke. measviement equipment - oo. 3. ThE Fransfex fenebion.. of. Come dilumined expartmentally bys, deqys 4 The” catigns * arcl” paisalat apetinent shorn fmiction of aligdon $0 He spetfi - lod Loop. perfemara. & cearied ovk mbox easily ? Pr « feqveny cle. 5. wlin te’ aiplen “Be veonigetl Aly vse, of He, degeney Sus pone, tp Mies cafetl ‘of wiotber~ daler NL = ard, Fatae vast alfonso aelel villy gos viel ane| ‘tet, esoreefve neg iy a é- The ene Mesporise ane at extended Bre Cues, aa conslool ot eps ee“re swere “Domabn Gpeshiatiogs ae: i l Kesoran Rak (np - | “The raastenom valve, af the magntkde af closed trop Tonsfa fimelon called ruswmnt peak Thy, a Eascrnt Frequruy Cis) = The Fequency ab whteh He Summant peak occets ts called! Suaonant fequeney bore 2 Band id (9 = “The. Bandutdth -& He vange of fornia $4 which the sake gain te more shan ~2lg. the yt af- hace He gata. ~als & calle CUT ore feqeney 4 Cur OFF RATE wa : \— he alope. of He Leg rmaphinnde bee one ER op fopny ald col alp. rake s~ Geta taxgin (Ke) 7 i The gain margin ky fy dufrest as Te sapeial t "se magatlack of open bop sranspin Poclion ab Phase evois ow. feqeney- The Ffeqenty ab which the phase af open loop fanefa Fonclion fs 180" Fs talk Phe phase crs oven cfegrosey ape Gain Margin Kg = Tatas) Gain roargia tn cle can be exprorted a kg fod = 20, log kg = ao 4 Tay) 7 -20 by | | s0%pe)] Phase. Targia )¥- The gain. cree Ove. pgeeney loge i Frequency at whieh Fae magetlvce a the — lop cHontfer fenchton #8 unit. (or ib the Pepenny oe Chek ee iwagnilyde % yee)Phase margin 7 % oblePned Dy odding 190° fo the prose angle f of the open locp -Hansfex dmebion at Phe. gain: Coys oven Seqory - : Phase Nargin ye woe bye . Page LG Guz) Shnalion of. Pequehey « emi rab fer. 4 Scorn orde, ) Resenanl- Pas: (en) - i Consider Teel leep eae ae a x ode: Sy. B= bon’ RS) tw! : _jw Co)! se me): “By a. “jane a9 ibe [1 aj Roe - - ee’, oe (er es) aeploe we thon « ; , ; Lae + +} = coy = Grey Le Tear ar le C8). CLTF J 7 oh re ee Magottode 4- | (aaa ae OP) = tel BR or sa gusenan- Seer Ce on “Raacoant peaks * 9s PR.” todtiteenum * - valve. of 71. ety haf SM

—2t—_. NG an, : Je fhe agen) Co e802) a 2s aS HS egieg) ( ve hon . a ‘ 1 ete Tea; 09 = aap a Shi. - Jigals Agee tes) 4 9032 Jagal= View : pho ¢ GGr)> LaGe)= aaa a eg = cos! 2. fee AE gofn, cro - ove hoy ye pagel ieee Ab ous Yge I ie nn (@)=" srareary age taqiug = : ude 7 aguge -1=0 tage = woe eGo" oo po abal Oe i 6S. [eo eters ee oq, Uta) =X coh oe.x = Vgc, _ Bae RS. Cri ev gai” ails a age y= [go 2) Oo ee tg fe igo-+ tan! ma = {go-7 en! - aD Crclalog Fhs i! Tne. a 9 pr, I ae bgk & tv Be . kK =) ao log k is gee O 20d va * GO Won fh) = By sap, Ea at Bote gee ns a0 y(n)” - bye eee f 2 Oe eS ¢= Ls) = -a0n : ae : @ Dertvahive facet -elope . “Gg kes as) = KOS), = : Goo) = RD A oe SMe GOs) ta TBS Ro lef te) ds 26° C09 "gab wl vf neaclefiges)<—tok te Let o oe Ole Ax 2o.leg Ga) = ~2ece fos Yk A = alg 0) = odb? tos tok As 20 loo) = Qodb.? b onei Fick niles acl tn Benita :- gor 02) = afar” =i ¢= Ai soon) = GQw) in Ue. "20 leg (areer) ade 60/4 = aol TRE ca wep ap na Bb by TOF v 7 As O ae we > ee Pay gitar ge — fant wa(0"p) = 48a. co tt) HO, : p= “eet = 0 Sisk ean fea cemonls weyp ae (ye) vonle ne tolg BY w wo. pp de tax’ (0h) = eS ' we 4@= lesT 6G) = (reper) a sen) = Te (oF) A = avlega=0 A edb... qf = “ho! (coo?) “Up b= wa GE. 45° © gs ar' fey ©Slee tay hp Basel hc peg he dept skpt i Comai fhe Harsfafration tole Rede. form @ ne stand m- The ie of the, Fransfn Sober : 4G KC RST) ot Hoare Wa FOU a AT 40%) = 5 kK fe : Je te why ~Saeey ear . be Soenet veniier fo the foernasing dber and pepore a fab, , a4.. hoon ta (Bd: > Terr] | CORNER FREQENC Frew | me an above fable enter & @) Bens 6) ts” the to fom ~ aaarge Bemabiieg fare 7 taesig ; alee he as Feloso : in os for 0 pole fe > slope -a0dp. “ -SLOPE Ab ete, ! : ag ary 2 pole pS lope sf bb. * 3 pole — slope = — books 1 poles > Slope. — oveods tt soe oe skp. t +20dn ~ 7 a zr > slope t ts +e Goon, . a Ro => slope Ty +n: aodsSr Cheae an onbtleay fepanny tag hth re lag Man — fovesl- cainer feequenty » » : Nlow caliolfe magnifide fn..de of K @) kar @) Rup at WE and at te | Let eAnen Pequeney. 4 = Calulale magnttel. ty de ab Remaining Prepon - by vitng following orm oo. Flageitade, ty de at Wy = Change: fn slope” fori lores bay

5 46-8 “i — qo sib ~ 20 4 6G P80 133-2 =t48 So ~ 18-4 £180 > BLE 168fae Hor ee pot oY stowokial ~hansfea fonckion qd Bs plot of He ragrbide of GOs) Vases ae Phase : ic of §Ge) om pohy comdlfrates as wt vadied Prom xa0 : to Popo, _ Potes a vectors GG) £60) as 10 vedied ane ~ ge SpA soda, -e . Th : ype : skbchs of Bly _bht : : . — = -2}° @. @ Type O } Orden T i Q@= Te : 669 5 ” fe @ Type | 7 ovdea 2 ae AGi= sCeest) to oe AG) = Sepeyor)>?) au) Tage Plot te Wer = es < ok. ben Te oy a vale " oars sh a tn sh a ay . : +40 dB 1 7 a ey a a fo io eee Be ar —20 Qo =O = 50 rhe chow HL < Hy bok 7 Wa Wh <= 0-5 fu. Wer = Q ts he = Sor, Whe loo fee tet us cobudale. A ab Wg, Wey, Wey toh mele ye ae tela] = 00 bg Go!) = tog @al”= “eds = 28dB to = WY ve == Ae Bolle Quy] = a0 lego") > 20 log C5) po Wt A= aor log (& +ag = qed meek a Ox log fe + 48 = 4sdp . “Piase Plok $— d = 1e9 — let G29 — an! Gor) an! G-ort0) f LG feo) 1D vf Pr) ol 66 qd sa - ty tee 3 5+ [30 - Ww lot 'o 63-5 aa 50 64-2 45 / rm ean 63-4Sp Ibst too bon = to Galy= 28:05 5 (8% testo) = Stag mst ton . 2gon= Ib 79 Ge) = ws Ge oe 4 &)= a5 (rreas 3 X00 oe wt ‘laOj 9 oda o ! - 280" . . §@° Garnier oe co _. Abe 22 Pree = 404) - “Caja Ct job) : 90) “Ranney OH) Cape 1 odes a 4@)= Teeny @, oe cae . 4@i= Foes io laps ms Dao = TGayteanytren) ate? o LL ahHpt 160" hood oe vo Fncruoni . Mi - ; d jaws Qe HSE = Q@= lesr | i : Oripe oO! odesO Opa loop tans fr fration of a nid -feed back Spshor & gue by &si = SCs) Greas) | Skekh poke plok 4 defumine the. gain min 4 Phay. margin. 2) gg. .— q 3 (is) (oe) (sesi8} Cie 3) Na} = . le 909 =. Gas) Gris) | Loe : : "ein jen) ee 66%) las’ Tre fers) Vrego? 7281s) _ |. 96 beg as ~ Yar = oe Tame ee ail bs a 20 [6 >| ae” to) eae Pee i. iano, 1409] = Soe i wine aut Apes ‘Side = 3 LAG) = Fe Farts — faritowo Megat hde. 4 “Phetee e} 40x) a ves fs ' ee ee = 2 Sa Ae oe fe 93 Wo neo, ot] 9 Reel % deg to - ui oD oss oF ofS tos 7 ob a We Gms) bey ae tae 8D Gide) 429-09 -06) a ka: \__, [ a + eo | oO " one) x q = Wow yemy) ge Swipe, GL PM tue Siphon stable Wge, Dhee , = Git PTL. —ve syskem vasbuble logesWope — GM= PIL = 0 syskern Ttesginally stable. % bape 7 aye shale f odd vy 2 Wie M> nye & war ve -unit ®D __ 4Gesyf see) s EGE) Pets S20, ~8,-e gus = S2-Fpr6 IS an -3 tH ote -F $b -8 st bw Se po=-4 eo epete 2 too y part —B Bey fie CG) S8easte eta 4S paseses ) fpashe ack gies aos’ £ bs €4 . CO pe i . ’ sig S W299 cheney eo oe a oie ocLyelh) t; albyra(wrybesg | par wrszts2_o as paz h5 222 OEE BEAD ie 5s. ® = xtsGss195) stem er Seb pk = Ore : @ Resteee2 25) “ | geen) pas 2+ D ouprpht Genter (Gis) kan + StrbSt0) 2 Ae ee paste ashe as RSP K6E-0 9S) > : sa . 2 24 b+ Ke BEDS TAHOE : es as™pas) 1 : Shs ; ae 7 3 s a )