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HTML5
Ta g S t r u c t u r e

Matthew David

AMSTERDAM • BOSTON • HEIDELBERG • LONDON • NEW YORK • OXFORD

PARIS • SAN DIEGO • SAN FRANCISCO • SINGAPORE • SYDNEY • TOKYO
Focal Press is an imprint of Elsevier
 Focal Press is an imprint of Elsevier
30 Corporate Drive, Suite 400, Burlington, MA 01803, USA
Linacre House, Jordan Hill, Oxford OX2 8DP, UK

© 2010 Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.

No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or
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This book and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the Publisher (other
than as may be noted herein).

Notices
Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience broaden our
understanding, changes in research methods, professional practices, or medical treatment may become necessary.
Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating and using any
information, methods, compounds, or experiments described herein. In using such information or methods they
should be mindful of their own safety and the safety of others, including parties for whom they have a professional
responsibility.

To the fullest extent of the law, neither the Publisher nor the authors, contributors, or editors, assume any liability
for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or
from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions, or ideas contained in the material herein.

ISBN: 978-0-240-81388-2

For information on all Focal Press publications

visit our website at www.elsevierdirect.com

Working together to grow

libraries in developing countries
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ELSEVI ER ~?e?"~t~~S Sabre roundatlon
Contents
Where HTML Code Can Be Found. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
The Evolution of the Web . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
The Rocky Road from HTML4 to HTML5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Web 2.0 Applications and Solutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
What Is Included in HTML5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Enhancements to Core Tag Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
New Elements Are Introduced to HTML5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Blocking Content on the Page. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Modifications to Content Sections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Making DOC Type Easier to Work With. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Organizing Code Using Blocking Elements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Text-Level Semantic Additions and Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Applying HTML5 to Make HTML Code Easier to Read. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Working with HTML5 FORMS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Controlling Data with HTML5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
New HTML5 Attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
What Is Not Being Supported in HTML5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
How to Gracefully Migrate Sites to Work with the New HTML5
Standard. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
What You Have Learned. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
HTML5 TAG STRUCTURE
The core to all Web design is HTML, the code that sits behind
every web page and allows users to create stunning web sites.
Today’s web sites can do amazing things. Can you imagine not
being able to use solutions such as Google’s Gmail, Microsoft’s
Bing, or view content on YouTube? Web sites have moved from
static pages to complex applications. The core HTML language
requires more and more functionality to meet our needs. To this
end, a new standard has been introduced—HMTL5.

Where HTML Code Can Be Found

Not sure how to find HTML? It can be located on any web page
by right-clicking your mouse and selecting “View Page Source,” as
shown in Figure 1.1.
It will depend on your web browser how the HTML code is pre-
sented. No matter what you are doing on the Web—developing
a PHP shopping cart, implementing an ASP.NET application,
updating your latest blog entry, or playing an online game—every
solution on the Web must use HTML at some point. If not, then
your web browser will not be able to view the page correctly.

Figure 1.1 HTML code can be viewed in any web browser. Here, Google’s Chrome is color coding the HTML code.
1
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