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Experiment No: 5 Aim of The Experiment

The experiment aims to simulate and plot different modes in a rectangular waveguide using HFSS software, focusing on propagation modes, cutoff frequencies, and field patterns. It involves designing a WR-90 waveguide and analyzing the first four propagation modes, including TE and TM modes. The document outlines the theory, procedure, and observations related to the experiment, along with questions for discussion.

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13 views10 pages

Experiment No: 5 Aim of The Experiment

The experiment aims to simulate and plot different modes in a rectangular waveguide using HFSS software, focusing on propagation modes, cutoff frequencies, and field patterns. It involves designing a WR-90 waveguide and analyzing the first four propagation modes, including TE and TM modes. The document outlines the theory, procedure, and observations related to the experiment, along with questions for discussion.

Uploaded by

Apurva
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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EXPERIMENT NO: 5

AIM OF THE EXPERIMENT:

Simulation and plot of different modes in rectangular waveguide using HFSS.

OBJECTIVES:
1. Study the different propagation modes and their cutoff frequencies in a rectangular wave
guide
2. Design and simulate WR-90 waveguide
3. Plot the frequency and propagation constant curve for first four propagation modes
4. To obtain various field pattern such as E-field and H-field (vector and magnitude) of
rectangular waveguide.
SOFTWARE REQUIRED: HFSS 13.0 student version
THEORY:
 A rectangular waveguide is a hollow metallic tube with a rectangular cross-section used to
guide electromagnetic waves, commonly used in microwave and millimeter-wave
applications like radar and telecommunications.
Application:
 Microwave and Millimeter-Wave Applications: They are used in various applications,
including radar, telecommunications, and satellite communications.
 High-Power Situations: Due to their low losses, they are preferred in situations where
high power levels are involved.
Modes of Propagation:
 Rectangular waveguides support different modes of electromagnetic wave propagation,
broadly classified as Transverse Electric (TE) and Transverse Magnetic (TM) modes.
TE Modes: In TE modes, the electric field is perpendicular to the direction of
propagation.
TM Modes: In TM modes, the magnetic field is perpendicular to the direction of
propagation.
Cutoff Frequency:
 Like other waveguides, rectangular waveguides have a cutoff frequency below which waves
cannot propagate.
Materials:
 Commonly made from materials like copper, brass, or aluminum.
Loss:
 The loss in a rectangular waveguide depends on the smoothness of the walls and the
material used.
The lower cutoff frequency for a particular mode in rectangular is determined by the following
equation:

where a= Inside width (m), longest dimension Inside


b= height (m), shortest dimension
m= Number of ½-wavelength variations of fields in the "a" direction
n= Number of ½-wavelength variations of fields in the "b" direction
ε= Permittivity (8.854187817×10 -12 F/m for free space)
µ= Permeability (4π×10 -7 H/m for free space)

HFSS: Ansys HFSS is a 3D electromagnetic simulation software solution for designing and
simulating high-frequency electronic products such as antennas, RF and microwave components,
high-speed interconnects, filters, connectors, IC components and packages and printed circuit boards.

NOTE: For detail design steps refer APPENDIX – III


PROCEDURE:

1. Insert an HFSS design into a new project.


2. Select the Solution Type.
3. Set the Model’s Units of Measurement.
4. Draw the given Model.
5. Assign suitable Materials to the model
6. Assign Boundaries to the model.
7. Assign Excitations to the model.
8. Setup the Solution.
9. Run the Simulation to get required field pattern.
10. For detail design steps refer APPENDIX – III.
OBSERVATION :
FOUR DIFFERENT T E MODES IN RECTANGULAR WAVE GUIDE

TE 1 0 MODE

TE 2 0 MODE

TE 0 1 MODE
TE 11 MODE
FRONT VIEW (VECTOR OF E-FIELD)

FRONT VIEW (MAGNITUDE OF E-FIELD)


FRONT VIEW (MAGNITUDE OF H-FIELD )

FRONT VIEW (VECTOR OF H-FIELD )


TOP VIEW ( VECTOR E-FIELD)

TOP VIEW ( MAGNITUDE H-FIELD)


SIDE VIEW( VECTOR E-FIELD)

TOP VIEW ( VECTOR H-FIELD)


TOP VIEW( MAGNITUDE E-FIELD)

GAMMA PLOT (FREQUENCY VS ATTENUTAION)


CONCLUSION:

DISCUSSION:

1. What is a Rectangular waveguide?


2. What is mode in waveguide?
3. What is TE mode and TM mode in a rectangular waveguide?
4. What is cut-off wavelength of a rectangular waveguide?
5. Calculate the cut-off wave length for WR90 waveguide?
6. How EM wave guides inside a waveguide?
7. How E-field and H-field exists inside a waveguide?
8. What is excitation method in a waveguide?

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