String in Python:

Its holds alphabets or digits or special charecters, starting with index (location) 0
and ending with n-1.
(or) start with -1 in reverse

A=”Welcome”
Print(A[-1])
A[0]=w
A[2]=l
A[-1]=e
A[-2]=m

Substring & slicing string:

str1="Welcome to learn Python"
Code Output
print(str1[0]) W

print(str1[3]) c

print(str1[-1]) n

print(str1[-2]) o

print(str1[3:6]) com

print(str1[3:7:2]) cm

print(str1[11:16]) learn

print(str1[11:16:4]) ln

print(str1[11:16:2]) lan

print(str1[::2]) Wloet er yhn

print(str1[::-2]) nhy re teolW

A="Welcome"
print(A+" to all") Welcome to all
print(5+2) 7
print("5"+"2") 52
print(5*3) 15
print("5"*3) 555
 Sno Method Description Example OUTPUT

1 len() Says the length a=”Welcome” 7

of given string print(len(a))

2 upper() Converts into X=”aPPle” APPLE

capital letters print(X.upper())

3 lower() Converts into X=”AppLE” apple

small letters print(X.lower())

1 isdigit() Returns True if all a="34"

characters in the b="34.5"
string are digits c="hi"
d="hi10"
print(a.isdigit()) True
print(b.isdigit()) False
print(c.isdigit()) False
print(d.isdigit()) False

2 isalpha() Returns True if all a="34"

characters in the b="34.5"
string are alphabets c="hi"
d="hi10"
print(a.isalpha()) False
print(b.isalpha()) False
print(c.isalpha()) True
print(d.isalpha()) False

3 isalnum() Returns True if all a="34" True

characters in the b="34.5" False
string are alphabets c="hi" True
or digits or both d="hi10" True
print(a.isalnum())
print(b.isalnum())
print(c.isalnum())
print(d.isalnum())

4 isupper() Returns True if all a = "Hello World!"

characters in the b = "hello 123"
string are upper c = "MY NAME IS PETER"
letters print(a.isupper()) False
print(b.isupper()) False
 print(c.isupper()) True

5 islower() Returns True if all a = "hellow world" True

characters in the b = "hello 123" True
string are lower c = "MY name is PETER" False
letters print(a.islower())
print(b.islower())
print(c.islower())

6 in used to check if a a="welcome to all"

value exists in a print("come" in a) True
sequence or not. print("COME" in a) False
Evaluates to true if
it finds a variable in
the specified
sequence and false
otherwise.
col="Mango is green color" yes
if "green" in col:
print("yes")

g
col="green" r
for x in col: e
print(x) e
n

7 not in 'not in' operator- a="welcome to all"

Evaluates to true if print("come" not in a)
it does not finds a print("COME" not in a)
variable in the False
specified sequence
and false otherwise True
Python supports the following built-in functions to manipulate string:

Syntax/ Method Description Example output

title( ) Returns a string in str1="my school"
title case
print(str1.title()) My School
(first letter each
word is caps)
swapcase( ) It will change case str1="uNiTeD ArAb
of every character emiRATes"
to its opposite case UnItEd aRaB
vice-versa. print(str1.swapcase()) EMIratES
replace(“char1”,”char2”) The replace str1="School"
function replaces
all occurrences of print(str1.replace('o','- Sch--l
char1 with char2. '))

txt = "I like bananas" I like apples

x = txt.replace("bananas",
"apples")

print(x)
split(“val”) str1 = "My school"
The split() method
splits a string into a str2 = str1.split(" ")
list.
print(str1) My school
You can specify the
separator, default print(str2) ["My","school"]
separator is any
whitespace. print(str2[0]) My

print(str2[1]) School
str1 = "this is wisdom"

str2 = str1.split("is")

print(str2[0]) th

print(str2[1]) “”

print(str2[2]) _w

print(str2[3]) dom
 str1 = "My school is near My
to metro"
school
str2=str1.split(" ")
is
for i in str2:
near
print(i)
to

metro

count(“val”) str1 = "My school is near

Return the number to metro"
of times given value
appears in the n=str1.count(" ")
string:
print(n)
5
n=str1.count("o")

print(n)
4
n=str1.count("to")

print(n)
1

Reference link for Python String methods:

https://docs.python.org/2.5/lib/string-methods.html
Some more String Functions O/P

a="abc#mail.com" 3
print(a.find(“#"))
b="abcmail.com" (If the location is not found , it
print(b.find(“#")) returns -1)
-1
a="abc@xyz@mail@com" ['abc', 'xyz', 'mail', 'com']
print(a.split("@"))
b="abc@xyz@mail@com" ['abc', 'xyz@mail@com']
print(b.split("@",1))
c="abc@xyz@mail@com" ['abc', 'xyz', 'mail@com']
print(c.split("@",2))