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Env 10

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14 views4 pages

Env 10

Uploaded by

Darshan Kalita
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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1

Summary
New Environment Class 10

OVERVIEW OF THE PREVIOUS CLASS (01:19 PM)

SACRED GROOVES (01:29 PM)

These tracts of virgin forest are left untouched by local inhabitants and protected by
local people due to their culture and religious beliefs.
LIST OF SACRED GROOVES

SIGNIFICANCE OF SACRED GROOVES (01:41 PM)


1)Conservation of biodiversity by protecting the native and endemic species present in
the sacred grooves.
2)Carbon sequestration.
3)Religious and cultural significance, Various sacred grooves are associated with myths,
legends and religious practices providing a distinctive cultural identity.
4)Medicinal usage: The sacred grooves protect various traditionally used medicinal
plants.
5)Protect traditional practices associated with the tribal living and their culture.
6)The sacred grooves are located near water sources such as springs and streams help in
protecting the area and enhancing the water availability.
7)They provide opportunities for scientific research and environmental education.
8)Community governance: It results in the development of a sense of ownership and
responsibility resulting in sustainable use and protection.

ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION (01:53 PM)

A)WATER STRESS AND POLLUTION


Water stress is a situation where the supply of quality water does not match the water
demand. i.e. Demands exceed supply. It is measured using the Falkenmark index. It
calculates the per capita availability of water in any country.
A country is said to be water stressed if the per capita availability of waterfalls is less
than 1700 meters cube/per person/year. India Data: 1545 (2011 census) with the world
rank of 13.
If the Percapita availability is less than 1700 m3/per/year then the situation is called
water scarcity.
Of the total earth's water only 3% is fresh water, and out of the total freshwater Icecaps
and glaciers account for 68.7 % of groundwater constitute 30.1 % 0.3% is surface water
and the rest is others.
Of the fresh surface water lakes constitutes 87%,swamps 11% and rivers 2%.Swamps are
shallow wetlands, But not easily accessible.
REASONS BEHIND WATER SCARCITY
A)SUPPLY SIDE
1)Nature of Indian drainage system, The peninsula rivers are old and deficient and
seasonal in nature. Himalayan rivers are young abundant and perineal in nature.
2)Plateau rocks of the peninsular region.
B)DEMAND SIDE
1)Pollution which degrades the quality of water.
2)Unsustainable extraction of groundwater for both drinking as well as agriculture due to
the unplanned nature of work.
3)Unplanned Urbanization.Example: Bangalore's rapid urbanization.
4)Increased population so the Increased water demand for water
5)Deforestation, Overgrazing.
6) Interstate water disputes which stop us from efficiently using the water.

WATER STRESS MEASURES OR MEASURES TO CONSERVE WATER (02:49 PM)

1)RRR (Reduce, Reuse and Recycle)


REDUCE
It involves a reduction of water intensity, starting at the household level.
REUSE
RO water outlet the waste generated is huge so use it for other purposes like cleaning etc.
RECYCLE
The concept here is not just to reuse it as it is but to recycle it and then reuse
2)Pollution control
Stringent implementation and community participation.
3)Reforestation and afforestation in the catchment area.
4)Sustainable agricultural practices like Intercropping, Mixed cropping etc.
5)Interlinking of river.

WATERSHED MANAGEMENT (03:28 PM)

Area of land where all the water that is under it or drains off it collects into one water
body.
RAINWATER HARVESTING (03:40 PM)

It is a technique of collection, storage, and usage of rainwater using natural reservoirs or


tanks or recharge pits or infiltration of surface water into sub-surface aquifers.
Rainwater harvesting involves rooftop harvesting or in situ harvesting using recharge
Pitts or surface water collection using check dams or groundwater recharge using ponds
and lakes.
TRADITIONAL WATER HARVESTING SYSTEM-LOCAL NAMES
ZINGS-Ladakh
Jhalaras-Jodhpur
Ahar panes- Bihar
Eri system-Tamil Nadu
Bhandara Phad-Maharashtra.
Kund-Western Rajasthan and Gujarat.
Panam Keni-Kerala.

WILDLIFE (04:00 PM)

Among all the big cats the loudest roar is of the lion (Can be heard upto 5 km).
The lion is the king of the grassland (Not the forest)
There are two categories of lion one is African and another one is Asiatic lion. The IUCN
status of the African lion is endangered.
The mane of the African lion is very thick and the Asiatic lion mane is relatively thin.
The belly fold is only visible in the Asian lion, not the African lion.
The Gropu of the lion is called Pride.
Gir is the only region where we find lions in India.
Male lions are relatively powerful but donot hunt. They just protect the cubs. It is the
lioness who goes hunting and is more ferocious.

The topic for the next class: Water & Air Pollution.

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