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Functions 2

The document explains the concepts of composition and inverse of functions, detailing how to compose two functions and find the inverse of a function. It provides examples and step-by-step solutions for both operations. Additionally, it outlines the algebraic method for finding the inverse of a function with specific examples included.

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abdullahbari128
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6 views

Functions 2

The document explains the concepts of composition and inverse of functions, detailing how to compose two functions and find the inverse of a function. It provides examples and step-by-step solutions for both operations. Additionally, it outlines the algebraic method for finding the inverse of a function with specific examples included.

Uploaded by

abdullahbari128
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Composition of Functions

&
Inverse of a Function
Composition of Functions

Let 𝒇 be a function from set 𝑿 to set 𝒀 and g be a

function from set 𝒀 to set 𝒁. The composition of 𝒇 and 𝒈 is

a function, denoted by 𝒈𝒐𝒇, from 𝑿 to 𝒁 and is defined by

(𝒈𝒐𝒇)(𝒙) = 𝒈(𝒇(𝒙)) = 𝒈𝒇(𝒙) , for all 𝒙 ∈ 𝑿.


Remember!
Note: We usually write 𝒇𝒇 as 𝒇𝟐 and 𝒇𝒇𝒇 as 𝒇𝟑 and so on.
𝒈𝒇 (𝒙) ≠ 𝒇𝒈 (𝒙)
Composition of Function

If 𝒇 𝒙 = 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟏 and 𝒈 𝒙 = 𝒙 − 𝟏, then find


𝟐

(i)𝒇𝒈 𝒙 (ii) 𝒈𝒇 𝒙 (iii)𝒇 𝒙 and (iv) 𝒈 (𝒙)


𝟐 𝟐

Solution:
(i) 𝒇𝒈 𝒙 = 𝒇 𝒈 𝒙 𝟐 𝟐
= 𝒇 𝒙 − 𝟏 = 𝟐 𝒙 − 𝟏 + 𝟏 = 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟏 𝟐

(ii) 𝒈𝒇 𝒙 = 𝒈 𝒇 𝒙 = 𝒈 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟏 = 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟏 𝟐 𝟐
− 𝟏 = 𝟒𝒙 + 𝟒𝒙

(iii) 𝒇𝟐 𝒙 = 𝒇 𝒇 𝒙 = 𝒇 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟏 = 𝟐 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟏 + 𝟏 = 𝟒𝒙 + 𝟑
𝟐
(iv) 𝒈 𝒙 = 𝒈 𝒈 𝒙
𝟐 𝟐
=𝒈 𝒙 −𝟏 = 𝒙 −𝟏 𝟐 𝟒
− 𝟏 = 𝒙 − 𝟐𝒙𝟐
Inverse of a Function

Let 𝒇 be a one-one function from 𝑿 onto 𝒀. The inverse function

of f denoted by 𝑓 −1 , is a function from 𝒀 onto 𝑿 and is defined

by: 𝑥 = 𝑓 −1 𝑦 , ∀ 𝑦 ∈ 𝑌 if and only if 𝒚 = 𝒇 𝒙 , ∀ 𝒙 ∈ 𝑿

Note:

➢ 𝒇−𝟏 (𝒇(𝒙)) = 𝒙, for every 𝒙 in the domain of 𝒇(𝒙),

➢ 𝒇(𝒇−𝟏 (𝒙)) = 𝒙, for every 𝒙 in the domain of 𝒇−𝟏 (𝒙).


Algebraic Method to find inverse

1) Write down 𝒚 = 𝒇(𝒙).


2) Solve for 𝒙 in terms of 𝒚.
3) Switch the 𝒙's and 𝒚's.
4) The result is 𝒚 = 𝒇−𝟏 (𝒙).
Inverse of a Function
Finding the Inverse Function 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝟐𝒙𝟑 + 𝟏.

Solution
As 𝒚 = 𝒇 𝒙 ⇒ 𝒚 = 𝟐𝒙𝟑 + 𝟏
we solve for 𝒙 as follows

𝒚−𝟏 𝟑
𝟑 𝒚−𝟏 𝟑 𝒚−𝟏
𝒚 − 𝟏 = 𝟐𝒙𝟑 ⟹ = 𝒙𝟑 ⟹ 𝒙𝟑 = 𝒙=
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
𝟑 𝒚−𝟏
𝒙=𝒇 −𝟏
(𝒚) = (∵ 𝒙 = 𝒇−𝟏 (𝒚))
𝟐

To find 𝒇−𝟏 𝒙 , 𝐫𝐞𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐜𝐞 𝒚 𝐛𝐲 𝒙


−𝟏 𝟑 𝒙−𝟏
∴𝒇 (𝒙) =
𝟐
Inverse of a Function

𝒙+𝟐
Find a formula for the inverse of the function 𝒇(𝒙) = .
𝒙−𝟐

Solution
𝒙+𝟐
First, let 𝒚 = 𝒇(𝒙) Then, 𝒚 =
𝒙−𝟐
⟹𝒚 𝒙−𝟐 = 𝒙+𝟐 ⟹ 𝒚𝒙 − 𝟐𝒚 = 𝒙 + 𝟐 ⟹ 𝒙𝒚 − 𝒙 = 𝟐𝒚 + 𝟐
𝟐 𝒚+𝟏 𝟐 𝒚+𝟏
⟹𝒙 𝒚−𝟏 =𝟐 𝒚+𝟏 ⟹ 𝒙= ⟹ 𝒇 −𝟏
(𝒚) = (∵ 𝒙 = 𝒇−𝟏 (𝒚))
𝒚−𝟏 𝒚−𝟏

To find 𝒇−𝟏 𝒙 , 𝐫𝐞𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐜𝐞 𝒚 𝐛𝐲 𝒙

−𝟏
𝟐 𝒙+𝟏
⟹ 𝒇 (𝒙) =
𝒙−𝟏
THANK YOU

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