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Data Communication Model

The document outlines the Data Communication Model, detailing its main components: sender, receiver, transmission medium, message, and protocol. It distinguishes between data and information, explains digital and analog transmission methods, and describes different transmission types (asynchronous and synchronous) and modes (simplex, half duplex, full duplex). Overall, it provides a comprehensive overview of how data is communicated between devices.

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11 views3 pages

Data Communication Model

The document outlines the Data Communication Model, detailing its main components: sender, receiver, transmission medium, message, and protocol. It distinguishes between data and information, explains digital and analog transmission methods, and describes different transmission types (asynchronous and synchronous) and modes (simplex, half duplex, full duplex). Overall, it provides a comprehensive overview of how data is communicated between devices.

Uploaded by

nasit.furqan55
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Data Communication Model

Data Communication is the process of transferring data between two or more devices, often using a

transmission medium. The main components are:

1. Sender: The device that sends the data, like a computer or mobile phone.

2. Receiver: The device that receives the data, like another computer or a server.

3. Transmission Medium: The physical path through which the data travels (e.g., cables, fiber optics,

or wireless signals).

4. Message: The actual data being transferred.

5. Protocol: A set of rules that govern the data transmission, ensuring proper data formatting, error

handling, and synchronization.

Data vs Information

- Data: Raw, unprocessed facts and figures without context (e.g., 101101, "25.6", "Alice").

- Information: Processed, organized, and meaningful data (e.g., "Alice's score is 25.6").

Data Transmission

1. Digital Transmission:

- Transmits data in binary form (0s and 1s).

- Requires a digital medium.

- Advantages: High accuracy, noise resistance, and efficient use of bandwidth.

- Examples: Ethernet, Wi-Fi, Fiber Optics.


2. Analog Transmission:

- Transmits data as continuous waves.

- Commonly used for audio and video signals.

- Advantages: Simple to implement, long-distance coverage.

- Examples: AM/FM radio, traditional telephony.

Transmission Types

1. Asynchronous Transmission:

- Data is sent one byte at a time, with a start and stop bit for each byte.

- No need for clock synchronization.

- Efficient for low-speed communication.

- Examples: Serial communication, old dial-up modems.

2. Synchronous Transmission:

- Data is sent in continuous blocks or frames.

- Requires synchronization between sender and receiver.

- High speed and efficiency.

- Examples: Ethernet, high-speed WAN connections.

Transmission Modes

1. Simplex:

- Data flows in only one direction.

- Example: Television broadcast.

2. Half Duplex:
- Data flows in both directions, but one at a time.

- Example: Walkie-talkies, CB radios.

3. Full Duplex:

- Data flows simultaneously in both directions.

- Example: Telephone networks, modern Ethernet connections.

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