Architecture and Design

1. How would you design a scalable sharing model for an enterprise with 500+ users across
multiple regions?

2. What are the best practices for handling large data volumes (LDV) in Salesforce? Provide
examples.

3. How do you manage and resolve conflicts between declarative and programmatic
approaches in Salesforce?

4. Explain the concept of multi-org architecture. When would you recommend it?

5. How do you approach performance optimization in Salesforce (e.g., SOQL queries, triggers,
large datasets)?

6. What is the difference between a transactional boundary and a trigger execution context?
How do you manage transactional consistency?

7. Explain your approach to data archival and purging strategies in Salesforce.

Integration and APIs

8. How do you handle integration between Salesforce and legacy systems?

9. Explain the difference between REST and SOAP APIs in Salesforce. When would you choose
one over the other?

10. How do Named Credentials and External Services simplify integrations in Salesforce?

11. Describe a scenario where you used Platform Events for real-time integrations.

12. What considerations must be made when designing an integration for high-volume data
processing?

13. How would you implement error handling for asynchronous integrations (e.g., Batch Apex,
Queueable Apex, Platform Events)?

14. What is Salesforce Connect, and how does it handle external data?

Lightning Development

15. How do you ensure performance and scalability when building Lightning Web Components
(LWC)?

16. What are some common issues you’ve faced while migrating from Aura to LWC? How did you
address them?

17. Explain the lifecycle of a Lightning Web Component.

18. How would you handle complex inter-component communication in LWCs?

19. How do you manage Lightning Data Service (LDS) for performance optimization?
Security and Compliance

20. How do you handle sharing requirements for sensitive data in a Salesforce org?

21. What are the differences between Profiles, Permission Sets, and Permission Set Groups?
How do you decide which to use?

22. How do you approach Salesforce Shield implementation for event monitoring and field
encryption?

23. What is the role of the Security Review process for AppExchange apps?

24. How do you ensure compliance with GDPR or CCPA in a Salesforce implementation?

DevOps and Deployment

25. How do you manage multiple Salesforce orgs in a CI/CD pipeline?

26. What tools do you use for Salesforce source control, and how do you handle metadata
conflicts during deployment?

27. Explain how you’ve used Salesforce DX for managing development and deployments.

28. How do you handle post-deployment validation and testing?

29. What are the best practices for managing scratch orgs in a multi-developer environment?

Automation and Declarative Tools

30. How do you decide between using Process Builder, Flows, or Apex for a given requirement?

31. What are the limitations of Flows, and how do you work around them?

32. How do you optimize Flows and Process Builder for performance in large orgs?

33. How do you manage automation conflicts between workflows, Flows, and Apex?

34. What is your approach to debugging and maintaining complex declarative processes?

Advanced Apex Development

35. How do you handle governor limit issues in a large-scale Apex implementation?

36. What is the difference between Batch Apex, Queueable Apex, and Scheduled Apex? When
would you use each?

37. How do you manage bulkification in complex trigger logic?

38. What are the design considerations for implementing custom REST APIs in Salesforce?

39. How do you approach testing asynchronous Apex?

Data Management and LDV

40. What are the key considerations when migrating large datasets into Salesforce?

41. How do you handle duplicate management at scale?

42. What are Indexed Fields in Salesforce, and how do they affect query performance?

43. Explain the role of Skinny Tables and their limitations.

44. How would you design a data archival strategy to maintain Salesforce performance?

Scenario-Based Questions

45. A client needs to integrate Salesforce with an ERP system for bidirectional data sync. How
would you design this integration?

46. A global organization needs region-specific data visibility with minimal maintenance. How
would you achieve this?

47. You’ve inherited an org with excessive technical debt. How would you identify and resolve
key issues?

48. You need to optimize a Salesforce instance where users frequently encounter CPU timeout
errors. What steps would you take?

49. A Salesforce org is running into record locking issues during batch operations. How would
you resolve this?

Leadership and Collaboration

50. How do you mentor and guide junior team members in a Salesforce project?

51. How do you handle stakeholder disagreements regarding Salesforce implementation

approaches?

52. How do you prioritize tasks when managing multiple Salesforce projects simultaneously?

53. How do you ensure that business requirements are accurately translated into Salesforce
solutions?

54. How do you approach communicating complex Salesforce concepts to non-technical

stakeholders?

Strategic Planning

55. How do you assess the need for Salesforce upgrades or new feature adoption (e.g., Einstein,
Tableau CRM)?

56. How do you approach multi-cloud integrations with Salesforce (e.g., Salesforce and AWS)?
 57. What is your strategy for planning and implementing a Salesforce org merge?

58. How do you approach planning for a major Salesforce release or migration?

59. What are the key factors to consider for scaling a Salesforce implementation in a rapidly
growing organization?

These questions focus on technical depth, design principles, leadership, and strategic planning, which
are crucial for professionals with 8+ years of experience. Let me know if you'd like detailed answers
or resources for any of these!

4o

You said:

give me answers as well...

ChatGPT said:

ChatGPT

Here are the answers to the Salesforce questions designed for an 8+ years experienced
professional:

Architecture and Design

1. How would you design a scalable sharing model for an enterprise with 500+ users across
multiple regions?

o A scalable sharing model involves understanding business requirements and data

access levels. I would use a role hierarchy to ensure managers can view records
owned by subordinates. I would then use Sharing Rules to share records across
regions and user groups. For complex cases, Manual Sharing or Apex Sharing can be
used. In high-volume scenarios, External Sharing via APIs or integration tools might
be necessary.

2. What are the best practices for handling large data volumes (LDV) in Salesforce?

o Best practices include:

 Using Batch Apex for processing large data sets.

 Selective SOQL queries by indexing fields and limiting query results.

 Utilizing External Objects with Salesforce Connect to avoid data overload in

Salesforce orgs.

 Field History Tracking should be used sparingly.

 Leveraging Custom Metadata Types for storing large amounts of

configuration data.

3. How do you manage and resolve conflicts between declarative and programmatic
approaches in Salesforce?
 o Prioritize using declarative tools (like Process Builder, Flow, and Validation Rules) for
simpler automation tasks, as they are easier to maintain. For complex or high-
performance requirements, Apex is preferred. When both are used, documenting
the solution and conducting regular reviews ensures clarity. Always aim for minimal
code to simplify maintenance.

4. Explain the concept of multi-org architecture. When would you recommend it?

o Multi-org architecture involves maintaining separate Salesforce instances for

different regions, business units, or customer segments. It’s ideal when:

 Different business units require complete autonomy.

 Data governance or compliance requires isolating data.

 Scalability is needed with minimal dependencies between systems.

5. How do you approach performance optimization in Salesforce (e.g., SOQL queries, triggers,
large datasets)?

o To optimize performance:

 Bulkify Apex triggers and use efficient SOQL queries to minimize record
retrievals.

 Avoid nested queries in loops.

 Use Custom Indexes and ensure fields used in filters are indexed.

 Optimize data models to reduce the need for large data processing.

 Leverage Asynchronous Apex like Batch Apex for large data operations.

6. What is the difference between a transactional boundary and a trigger execution context?
How do you manage transactional consistency?

o A transactional boundary refers to the scope within which database operations

(inserts, updates, deletes) are committed, usually in a single transaction. The trigger
execution context determines the order of execution of the triggers and operations
within it. Managing consistency requires:

 Ensuring atomicity in the transaction to avoid partial commits.

 Using Savepoint to handle rollback scenarios.

 Careful management of DML operations and governor limits.

7. Explain your approach to data archival and purging strategies in Salesforce.

o Data archival strategies involve identifying records that are no longer in active use,
such as old transactions or closed cases.

 Export data to external storage (e.g., S3 buckets) using Salesforce Connect

or custom integrations.

 Use Custom Metadata to configure archival policies.

  Data Purging can be automated using Batch Apex for records older than a
certain age or after a specific condition is met.

Integration and APIs

8. How do you handle integration between Salesforce and legacy systems?

o I would use API-based integrations (REST/SOAP) with legacy systems where possible,
ensuring real-time or batch communication. For older systems without native API
support, middleware tools like MuleSoft or Informatica can be used. For scenarios
requiring complex transformations, I would use Apex Callouts and Platform Events.

9. Explain the difference between REST and SOAP APIs in Salesforce. When would you choose
one over the other?

o REST API is simpler, faster, and uses standard HTTP methods. It is better for
lightweight integrations or mobile applications where performance is critical. SOAP
API is more structured and supports more complex operations, making it ideal for
integrations with legacy systems or when strong security measures are required.

10. How do Named Credentials and External Services simplify integrations in Salesforce?

o Named Credentials store authentication settings for external systems, eliminating

the need to hard-code sensitive information (like usernames and passwords) in the
code. External Services allow you to connect Salesforce to external APIs with
minimal code by defining the service in Salesforce and using it directly in Flows or
Apex.

11. Describe a scenario where you used Platform Events for real-time integrations.

o I used Platform Events to notify external systems whenever a high-priority

opportunity was created or updated. These events were published in Apex, and
external systems (e.g., ERP) subscribed to these events using CometD to trigger
updates in real-time.

12. What considerations must be made when designing an integration for high-volume data
processing?

o Considerations include:

 Data mapping and transformation.

 Error handling (e.g., dead-letter queues).

 Managing batch sizes to comply with Salesforce limits.

 Leveraging Platform Events or Batch Apex for asynchronous processing.

 Monitoring the governor limits to ensure no failures.

13. How would you implement error handling for asynchronous integrations (e.g., Batch Apex,
Queueable Apex, Platform Events)?

o Error handling strategies include:

  Logging errors using Custom Objects or Event Monitoring.

 Implementing retry mechanisms with exponential backoff.

 Using Platform Events to notify admins or systems when errors occur.

 Creating dead-letter queues for failed events or records.

14. What is Salesforce Connect, and how does it handle external data?

o Salesforce Connect is a tool that allows Salesforce to access data stored outside the
platform without importing it into Salesforce. It uses External Objects to represent
data from external systems (e.g., SQL databases, SAP) and allows users to access this
data like native Salesforce records.

Lightning Development

15. How do you ensure performance and scalability when building Lightning Web Components
(LWC)?

o Best practices include:

 Using @wire to make asynchronous calls and optimize data handling.

 Avoiding direct manipulation of the DOM and using LWC's reactive

framework.

 Lazy loading data when necessary and avoiding large payloads.

 Keeping component logic lightweight and reusable.

16. What are some common issues you’ve faced while migrating from Aura to LWC? How did
you address them?

o Common issues include:

 Event handling: Aura uses application and component events, while LWC
uses custom events. I had to refactor the event management logic.

 State management: Aura's component controller model was replaced with

reactive state management in LWC using @wire and reactive properties.

o I addressed these by refactoring the components and ensuring compatibility with

LWC best practices.

17. Explain the lifecycle of a Lightning Web Component.

o The LWC lifecycle includes:

1. Constructor – Called when the component is initialized.

2. connectedCallback – Called when the component is inserted into the DOM.

3. renderedCallback – Called after the component’s template has been

rendered.
 4. disconnectedCallback – Called when the component is removed from the
DOM.

18. How would you handle complex inter-component communication in LWCs?

o For inter-component communication:

 Use Custom Events to send data from a child to a parent.

 Use pub/sub (Publish/Subscribe) architecture for sibling components to

communicate with each other.

 Use @wire to share data across multiple components.

19. How do you manage Lightning Data Service (LDS) for performance optimization?

o For performance, LDS provides a consistent interface to Salesforce data without

writing Apex. I use LDS to avoid redundant queries and use caching to reduce the
number of server calls, ensuring optimal performance for record operations.

Security and Compliance

20. How do you handle sharing requirements for sensitive data in a Salesforce org?

o For sensitive data, I would use:

 Field-level security to ensure fields are visible only to authorized users.

 Sharing rules and Apex Managed Sharing for record-level security.

 Encryption at rest and Salesforce Shield for additional security measures.

 Profile and Permission Set configurations to limit access to critical data.

21. What are the differences between Profiles, Permission Sets, and Permission Set Groups?
How do you decide which to use?

o Profiles define the baseline permissions for users. Permission Sets grant additional
access to specific users without changing their profiles. Permission Set Groups allow
grouping multiple permission sets for better management.

o Use Profiles for core user access, Permission Sets for specific users requiring
additional permissions, and Permission Set Groups to manage multiple permission
sets efficiently.

22. How do you approach Salesforce Shield implementation for event monitoring and field
encryption?

o Event Monitoring helps track user activity for security and compliance. I use it to
monitor login history, field updates, and API usage.

o Field Encryption is used to protect sensitive data at the field level, and I configure it
to ensure that only authorized users can decrypt it.

23. What is the role of the Security Review process for AppExchange apps?
 o The Security Review ensures that apps adhere to Salesforce's security guidelines and
best practices. It reviews the app for potential vulnerabilities, data security
compliance, and privacy concerns. Passing this review is necessary for apps to be
listed on the AppExchange.

24. How do you ensure compliance with GDPR or CCPA in a Salesforce implementation?

o I ensure compliance by:

 Using Field-Level Security to restrict sensitive data access.

 Implementing Data Retention and Archival Policies.

 Ensuring that users can access, modify, or delete their personal data via
Salesforce interfaces.

 Using Salesforce Shield for encryption and monitoring.