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Lecture-1 Machine Learning With Python

This document introduces machine learning, defining it as the ability for computers to learn without explicit programming. It highlights various applications of machine learning, including web search, finance, and robotics, and explains the relationship between machine learning, deep learning, and artificial intelligence. Additionally, it outlines the components of machine learning algorithms, types of learning, and optimization methods.

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dhruvjaisinghanioberoi484
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2 views28 pages

Lecture-1 Machine Learning With Python

This document introduces machine learning, defining it as the ability for computers to learn without explicit programming. It highlights various applications of machine learning, including web search, finance, and robotics, and explains the relationship between machine learning, deep learning, and artificial intelligence. Additionally, it outlines the components of machine learning algorithms, types of learning, and optimization methods.

Uploaded by

dhruvjaisinghanioberoi484
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lecture-1

Machine Learning with


Python
Introduction to
Machine
Learning
Machine Learning: Field of
study that gives computers the
Machine ability to learn without being
Learning explicitly programmed.”
-Arthur Samuel (1959)
So What Is Machine Learning?
▪Automating automation
▪Getting computers to program themselves
▪Writing software is the bottleneck
▪Let the data do the work instead!
Sample Applications
▪Web search
▪Computational biology
▪Finance
▪E-commerce
▪Space exploration
▪Robotics
▪Information extraction
▪Social networks
▪Debugging
▪ Autonomous Cars
State of the
▪Learning of Object Parts
Art
▪Scene Labelling via Deep Learning
Application
s of
Machine
Learning
**Note**
Deep learning is a subset of machine learning,
and machine learning is a subset of artificial
intelligence.
▪Deep learning is a subset of machine learning that uses neural networks
with multiple layers to analyze complex patterns and relationships in data.
▪ It is inspired by the structure and function of the human brain and has
been successful in a variety of tasks, such as computer vision, natural
language processing, and speech recognition.
ML in a Nutshell
▪Tens of thousands of machine learning algorithms
▪Hundreds new every year
▪Every machine learning algorithm has three components:
◦Representation
◦Evaluation
◦Optimization
Representation
▪Decision trees
▪Sets of rules / Logic programs
▪Instances
▪Graphical models (Bayes/Markov nets)
▪Neural networks
▪Support vector machines
▪Model ensembles
▪Etc.
Evaluation
▪Accuracy
▪Precision and recall
▪Squared error
▪Likelihood
▪Posterior probability
▪Cost / Utility
▪Margin
▪Entropy
▪K-L divergence
Optimization
▪Combinatorial optimization
◦E.g.: Greedy search
▪Convex optimization
◦E.g.: Gradient descent
▪Constrained optimization
◦E.g.: Linear programming
What is Machine Learning?
Types of Learning
• Supervised (inductive) learning
– Given: training data + desired outputs (labels)
• Unsupervised learning
– Given: training data (without desired outputs)
• Semi-supervised learning
– Given: training data + a few desired outputs
• Reinforcement learning
– Rewards from sequence of actions
Thank You!!

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