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Revision Questions For Quiz 2-Updated

The document contains a series of statistical questions and answers related to normal distributions, confidence intervals, and hypothesis testing. It includes calculations for areas under curves, percentiles, sample proportions, and standard errors, along with interpretations of results. The questions cover various scenarios involving sample sizes, means, and standard deviations, providing insights into statistical analysis methods.

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5 views8 pages

Revision Questions For Quiz 2-Updated

The document contains a series of statistical questions and answers related to normal distributions, confidence intervals, and hypothesis testing. It includes calculations for areas under curves, percentiles, sample proportions, and standard errors, along with interpretations of results. The questions cover various scenarios involving sample sizes, means, and standard deviations, providing insights into statistical analysis methods.

Uploaded by

syedh4775
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Revision question for In-class quiz 2

Question 1

What is the area under the curve between 2836.0 and 3556.0 for a normal
distribution with mean m=3300 and standard deviation s=320 ?(2 dp)
=NORM.DIST(3556,3300,320,TRUE) – NORM.DIST(2836,3300,320,TRUE)
= 0.78814-0.07353
= 0.71

Find the 14th percentile of the above distribution. (1 dp)


=NORM.INV(0.14,3300,320) =2954.3

What is the probability of obtaining a mean of 275.4 or greater from a sample of


size 4 from a NORMAL population with mean m=300 and standard
deviation s=32 ? (3 dp)
=1-NORM.DIST(275.4,300,32/SQRT(4),TRUE)
=0.938

What is the area under the standard normal curve below z = 0.25 ?(3 dp)
=NORM.DIST(0.25,0,1,TRUE)
= 0.599

Test marks are normally distributed with mean 58 and standard deviation 15.
What is the minimum mark required to be in the top 10% ?( nearest integer)
The cut off value of top 10% is the same to the cut off value of the bottom90%,
therefore the area to the left of the cut off value is 90%, probability=0.9
=NORM.INV(0.9,58,15)
=77
100 samples of size 25 are taken from a population with mean 46 and standard
deviation 14. How many samples would you expect to have means greater than
52.1?(nearest integer)
=1-NORM.DIST(52.1,46,14/SQRT(25),TRUE)
=0.01468
We use the probability ( in this case is 0.01468) multiply by the number of
samples ( in this case is 100), then it is going to give us the number of the
expected samples
100*0.01468 = 1 sample

Question 2

A random sample of size 16 is obtained from a normally distributed


population. The mean and the standard deviation of this sample are 60
and 18 respectively.

Since the question gives us the mean and the standard deviation after
mentioning a random sample has been taken, therefore, the mean given in this
question is the sample mean (y-bar), and the standard deviation(s). Since
this question only gives us the sample standard deviation, but not the
population standard deviation, we should use t distribution to calculate
the 95% CI.
What is the lower limit of the 95% confidence interval for the population
mean μ? (1 dp)
t.crit= T.INV(0.975,16-1)
t.crit = T.INV(0.975,15)=2.13145
Lower limit = (y-bar) – t.crit * S/sqrt(n) = 60- 2.13145* 18/sqrt(16) = 50.4

What is the upper limit of the 95% confidence interval for the population
mean μ? (1 dp)

Upper limit = (y-bar) + t.crit * S/sqrt(n) = 60 + 2.13145* 18/sqrt(16) = 69.6

Question 3
Among first year university students in Australia, the average price of
textbooks is $175 with a standard deviation of $24.
From a randomly selected sample of 9 first year university textbooks, how
many are expected to cost more than $151? You may assume that these
costs are normally distributed.

Mu= 175, sigma= 24, n= 9, y= 151


Probability of costing more than $151 =1-NORM.DIST(151,175,24,TRUE) =
0.84134
The number of books in a sample of 9 that are expected to cost more than $151
is equal to the probability of costing more than $151 multiply by the sample size,
9
= 9* 0.84134
=7.57210 (you can round up or round down to an integer)

Question 4

48 consumers were selected to take part in a consumer survey. 20 of these


consumers indicated that they would be willing to buy groceries online. We can
be 95% confident that the proportion of all consumers who would be willing to
buy groceries online is between _______0.277____(lower limit)
and____0.556____(upper limit)
Give your answers to 3 dp.
The sentence highlighted in yellow is the sample size, therefore n=48
This question is concerning with a binary categorical variable, with the two
categories being
consumers are willing to buy groceries online and consumers are not willing to
buy groceries online. Therefore, this is a proportion question. We are not given
the population proportion P in this question, however we can work out the
sample proportion P-hat
P(hat)= X/N = 20/48 = 0.41667
q(hat)= 1-0.41667 = 0.58333
Lower limit = 0.41667-1.96* SQRT(0.41667*0.58333/48) =0.277
Upper limit = 0.41667+ 1.96* SQRT(0.41667*0.58333/48) = 0.556
In December 2018, 19% of 15 to 25 year olds in Australia's labour market were
unemployed. A random sample of 106 people in this age group from Australia's
labour market was selected in January 2017. The probability that less than 16 of
those sampled were unemployed was___0.153____
Give your answer to 3 dp.
This question is concerning with a binary categorical variable, with the two
categories being employed and unemployed Australians. The highlighted
sentence mentions a random sample has been taken out. Since there was a
percentage given before the question mentions a random sample has been
taken, thereofore, the percentage given (19%) is the population proportion!
P = 19% =0.19
The sample proportion P(hat) = X/N = 16/106 =0.15094,
Probability of less than 16 of those sampled were unemployed
=NORM.DIST(0.15094,0.19,SQRT(0.19*0.81/106),TRUE) = 0.153

Question 5

This is a sample of students and here are their results in an


exam.
The count of their grades are as follows:
HD 20
D 16
Cr 17
Pass 21
Fail 16

What is the sample proportion of HD students? (4 dp)


We need to work out the sample size by adding the number of observations in
each category.
Sample size (n) = 20+16+17+21+16 =90
Sample proportion of HD students = 20/90= 0.2222

What is the estimated standard error of the sample proportion of HD students? (4


dp)
P(hat)= 0.2222, q(hat)= 1-p(hat) = 1-0.2222 =0.7778
Est. standard error= SQRT(0.2222*0.7778/90) = 0.0438

Based on this sample, give a 95% confidence interval for p, the true proportion
of HD students.
(lower limit, upper limit) = ( _.____ , _.____ )

lower limit (3 dp)


P(hat) – 1.96* est.standard error= 0.2222-1.96*0.0438= 0.136

upper limit (3 dp)


P(hat) + 1.96* est.standard error= 0.2222+ 1.96*0.0438= 0.308

The faculty states that 12% of all the students who received a HD
Based on your packet of M&Ms, and the confidence interval obtained, is this a
reasonable claim?
No, since 0.12 is outside the 95% confidence interval (0.12 is smaller than the
lower limit)

Question 6

A researcher claims that the average refund of apprentice carpenters that


filed income tax returns in the 2018 – 2019 financial year was $1300.
Based on prior experience a population standard deviation of $1200 may
be assumed.
For a sample of 290 apprentice carpenters, the sample mean refund for
the 2018 – 2019 financial year was $1080. Test whether the researcher
claim is true at 5% significance level?

Ho:μo (the population mean) = (integer) 1300


What is the standard error of the sample mean? (1dp) 70.5
standard error = sigma/ SQRT(n)
=1200/SQRT(290) =70.5
Give the absolute value of the test statistic. (2dp) 3.12
=(1080-1300)/ (1200/SQRT(290)) =-3.12
Absolute value is always positive, therefore the absolute value of -3.12 is equal
to 3.12

What is the P-value associated with this test? (2dp) 0.00


P value = 2* NORM.DIST( -3.12,0,1,TRUE)=0.00181

Using a significance level of 5% , you would______ the null hypothesis. Answer:


reject ( since P value is less than 0.05 )
Hence, the average refund of apprentice carpenters that filed income tax returns
in the 2018 – 2019 financial year__________$1300
Answer: is different from $1300 (the hypothesised value)

Calculate a 95% CI for µ (DO NOT include $ sign in your answers):


(lower limit, upper limit) = ( __._ , __._ )
Since the population standard deviation is given in this questions, we should
calculate 95% CI under the Z distribution. Therefore we should use the critical
value =1.96
lower limit (1 dp) 941.9
=1080-1.96*1200/SQRT(290) =941.9

upper limit (1 dp) 1218.1


=1080 + 1.96*1200/SQRT(290) =1218.1

Question 7
A frog expert claims that the height to which Green Tree Frogs can jump
is known to follow a normal distribution with mean 100cm.
Suppose that 'Kermit" attempted 25 jumps with mean 102.74cm and
standard deviation 9.89cm.
We wish to test the expert's claim.

The highlighted 25 is the sample size, the mean and the standard deviation
given after the question has mentioned a sample of 25 was taken are the sample
mean and sample standard deviation. Since there is NO population standard
deviation given in this question, therefore, we should use one sample T test to
solve this question.

Ho : m(the population mean) = (integer) 100


What are the the degrees of freedom for this test?(integer) =n-1=25-1= 24
Give the absolute value of the test statistic. (2 dp)
=(102.74-100)/(9.89/SQRT(25)) = 1.39
Using a significance level of 5%, you would_________ the null hypothesis.
Answer: not reject ( since the P value=0.177, is larger than 0.05)
P value = 0.177

Hence, on average, 'Kermit' jumps to a height which, on average__________ other


Green Tree Frogs.
Answer: may not be different from

Calculate a 95% CI for m


(lower limit, upper limit) = ( __._ , __._ )
Should calculate the 95% CI under t distribution as well
t.crit= T.INV(0.975,24) = 2.0639
lower limit (1 dp) 98.7
=102.74- 2.0639*9.89/SQRT(25) = 98.7

upper limit (1 dp) 106.8


=102.74+ 2.0639*9.89/SQRT(25) = 106.8
Question 8

Suppose that, in the Bondi toy shop, the number of marbles sold in a day
has a mean of m= 3000 and standard deviation of s= 330.
If we calculate the mean number of marbles sold per day over 100 days
for many salespeople:

What is the standard error of the sample mean? (integer)

Standard error= 330/SQRT(100)=33

What will be the 14th percentile of this distribution of sample means?


(integer)

=NORM.INV(0.14,3000,33) = 2964

What will be the 83rd percentile of this distribution of sample means?


(integer)

=NORM.INV(0.83,3000,33) = 3031

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