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Problem On Lattice Realization of FIR Filters in Discrete Time Signal Processing

The document discusses the lattice realization of FIR filters in discrete time signal processing, highlighting their unique structure and analysis methods compared to more common filter forms. It details the construction of single-stage and multi-stage lattice structures, the recursive nature of their outputs, and the mathematical representation of filters as polynomial functions. Additionally, it covers the conversion between direct form coefficients and lattice coefficients, emphasizing the relationships between various parameters in the filter design process.

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3 views20 pages

Problem On Lattice Realization of FIR Filters in Discrete Time Signal Processing

The document discusses the lattice realization of FIR filters in discrete time signal processing, highlighting their unique structure and analysis methods compared to more common filter forms. It details the construction of single-stage and multi-stage lattice structures, the recursive nature of their outputs, and the mathematical representation of filters as polynomial functions. Additionally, it covers the conversion between direct form coefficients and lattice coefficients, emphasizing the relationships between various parameters in the filter design process.

Uploaded by

h62764115
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Problem on Lattice Realization of FIR Filters in Discrete


Time Signal Processing
Generated on April 27, 2025

Summary

AI Notes AI Slides Text Notes Screenshots

2 38 0 0

Lattice realizations of filter structures are less common than other


forms and require a different approach for analysis and understanding.

0:00

FI structures are less common than direct forms, cascade, or linear


phase systems and require a different approach for their realization.

0:03
A single stage LCE is a structure with two inputs, two outputs, one
delay block, two summing blocks, and reflection coefficients.

1:35

A single-stage lattice can be expanded into a multi-stage lattice, where


the output F1(n) is derived from the input FN.

2:26

3:04
The next stage outputs depend on the inputs, which are modified by
multiplying K1 and adding G, while also incorporating a function of n.

3:05

3:13
3:14

3:27
The LCE structure can be recursively applied across multiple stages,
where the outputs of one stage serve as inputs for the next, following
specific equations.

3:27

3:39
3:39

An MTH order filter can be represented as a polynomial function of Z.

4:28
4:37

A polynomial function of Z, denoted as h(Z), can be expressed as a


polynomial of order M, represented by a_m(Z).

4:52
In general, \( h(0) \) is set to 1 and \( Z(0) \) is also equal to 1 in the
equation.

5:49

The equation simplifies to 1 plus a summation from n equals 1 to M


minus 1, with h of 0 set to 1 and Z equal to zero.

6:09
The structure of a system can be represented in direct form by
realizing the output as a combination of an initial value and a
summation involving the impulse response.

6:47

The process involves designing a linear control element (LCE) step by


step, starting with a first-order LCE and progressing to higher orders.

8:09
A first-order filter is represented by the equation Z = 1 + H1, and a
lattice structure will consistently remain unchanged regardless of other
factors.

9:08

The equation expresses that the numerator can be represented as 1 +


H1(n)Z1, which is equivalent to H(Z), and further equates it to A1(Z).

9:50
The output, denoted as y of n, will be determined by the values of X of
n and X of n minus one.

11:15

11:26
F1 is defined as the sum of F(n) and K1 times G(n-1).

12:28

K1 should be equal to H1, and both G and F are defined in relation to


XN.

12:57
13:03

The K1 coefficient is equal to H, indicating a relationship that allows for


the implementation of a direct form, where coefficients can be derived
from reflection coefficients or vice versa.

13:23
13:36

The process involves setting m equal to 2 and drawing a two-stage


lattice for the LCE.

14:10
The output will be determined by selecting the top value from two
functions, K2 fub1 of n and G1 of nus 1.

15:43

Recursive equations can be derived by substituting variables and


expressing the system in terms of a function at each stage.

16:41
16:55

The recursion for FM is expressed as m g of M -1 of n-1, while GM of n


equals km, and if it is G2, then it equals K2 times F of m-1 of n plus G
of m-1.

17:23
The highest degree coefficient in second order is K2, which equals Z
raised to the power of minus 2.

17:42

The generalized formula for coefficients is established with \( A(Z) =


B(Z) = 1 \), followed by defining \( M(Z) \).

19:31
To convert direct form coefficients to lattice coefficients, there is a
single formula that must be known.

20:22

Z divided by 1 microsecond times Z squared is equal to H of Z, and B


of M Zed is the same as BM.

21:09
21:14

The BM of Z is defined as the reciprocal of the AM of Z.

21:37
21:47

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