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Laboratory Work 6

This document outlines a laboratory work focused on data analysis and data mining techniques, covering data collection, cleaning, processing, and visualization. It includes practical applications such as classification and regression modeling, decision trees, and big data processing using tools like Apache Spark. The findings emphasize the significance of structured data analysis and machine learning in addressing real-world business challenges.

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4 views4 pages

Laboratory Work 6

This document outlines a laboratory work focused on data analysis and data mining techniques, covering data collection, cleaning, processing, and visualization. It includes practical applications such as classification and regression modeling, decision trees, and big data processing using tools like Apache Spark. The findings emphasize the significance of structured data analysis and machine learning in addressing real-world business challenges.

Uploaded by

7pmkx4xjc5
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Laboratory Work 6: Data Analysis and Data Mining Techniques

Purpose of the Work

The purpose of this work is to learn the basics of data analysis, methods of collection,
classification, and forecasting, decision trees, processing large amounts of data, methods and
stages of Data Mining, Data Mining tasks, and data visualization.

Part 1: Data Analysis Basics


Task 1.1: Introduction to Data Analysis

Data analysis involves several key steps:

 Data Collection: Gathering raw data from various sources such as surveys, web
scraping, APIs, and existing databases.
 Data Cleaning: Handling missing values, removing duplicates, and correcting
inconsistencies.
 Data Processing: Transforming data into a structured format suitable for analysis.
 Data Analysis: Applying statistical techniques and machine learning algorithms to
extract insights.
 Data Interpretation: Understanding results and drawing meaningful conclusions.

Preliminary Data Analysis

A dataset was simulated to represent a business scenario, consisting of customer information


such as Age, Salary, Experience, and Purchased product category. The dataset was cleaned,
processed, and analyzed through statistical and visualization techniques.

Results Presentation

Graphs and statistical summaries were used to provide initial insights into data distribution,
missing values, and potential outliers. A histogram was generated to visualize the distribution of
salaries across the dataset.

Part 2: Methods of Collection, Classification, and


Forecasting
Task 2.1: Data Collection Methods

Various methods for data collection include:

 Surveys and Questionnaires: Used for gathering user opinions and demographics.
 Web Scraping: Extracting data from websites.
 APIs and Databases: Programmatically fetching data from structured sources.

For this project, a simulated dataset was used to demonstrate analysis techniques.

Task 2.2: Data Classification

A classification model was implemented to predict whether a customer would purchase a product
based on features like age, salary, and experience. Logistic Regression was used for this
classification task.

Evaluation Metrics:

 Precision, Recall, and F1-Score were used to measure model performance.


 The classification report indicated the effectiveness of the model in predicting outcomes.

Task 2.3: Data Forecasting

A regression model was applied to predict salary based on age and experience. Linear
Regression was used for this prediction.

Evaluation Metrics:

 Mean Absolute Error (MAE): Measures the average magnitude of errors.


 Root Mean Square Error (RMSE): Evaluates prediction performance considering large
errors.

Part 3: Decision Trees


Task 3.1: Building a Decision Tree

A Decision Tree model was built using the CART algorithm to classify customers based on their
purchasing behavior.

Task 3.2: Evaluation of the Decision Tree Model

The model was evaluated using cross-validation. Important attributes influencing purchasing
decisions were identified and analyzed.

A visual representation of the Decision Tree was generated to illustrate the decision-making
process.

Part 4: Processing Large Volumes of Data


Task 4.1: Fundamentals of Big Data Processing

Big data processing involves:


 Distributed Computing: Splitting data across multiple machines for processing.
 Technologies like Apache Hadoop and Apache Spark: Used for handling large-scale
data.

Apache Spark was recommended as a tool for processing large datasets efficiently.

Part 5: Data Mining Methods and Stages


Task 5.1: Data Mining Methods

Common Data Mining techniques include:

 Clustering: Grouping similar data points.


 Association Rules: Finding patterns in data relationships.
 Classification: Assigning categories to data.

A clustering algorithm (K-Means) was applied to group customers into segments.

Task 5.2: Data Mining Stages

Data Mining follows these stages:

1. Data Selection: Identifying relevant data.


2. Preprocessing: Cleaning and transforming data.
3. Modeling: Applying machine learning techniques.
4. Evaluation: Assessing model performance.
5. Implementation: Deploying the model for real-world use.

The Data Mining process was applied step by step to the dataset.

Part 6: Data Mining Tasks


Task 6.1: Solving Data Mining Problems

Key Data Mining problems were addressed, including:

 Anomaly Detection: Identifying unusual patterns.


 Trend Forecasting: Predicting future trends based on historical data.
 User Segmentation: Grouping users based on behavior.

Python libraries such as scikit-learn, numpy, and pandas were utilized to implement these
tasks.
Part 7: Data Visualization
Task 7.1: Data Visualization Techniques

Different visualization techniques were used:

 Histograms: Displayed salary distribution.


 Scatter Plots: Showed relationships between variables.
 Heat Maps: Illustrated correlations between attributes.

Task 7.2: Interpreting Visualizations

The generated visualizations were analyzed to extract insights. Key findings included:

 Salary distributions showed variations across customer demographics.


 Decision tree structures provided a clear view of purchasing behaviors.
 Clustering results helped segment customers for targeted marketing.

Conclusion
This laboratory work covered fundamental and advanced concepts in Data Analysis and Data
Mining. The project successfully demonstrated:

 Data Cleaning and Preprocessing techniques.


 Classification and Regression Modeling with evaluation metrics.
 Decision Tree Construction and Interpretation.
 Big Data Processing Approaches.
 Data Mining Methods and Tasks.
 Data Visualization for Result Interpretation.

The findings of this study can be applied to real-world business problems, aiding in data-driven
decision-making. The results confirm the importance of structured data analysis and advanced
machine learning techniques in modern analytics.

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