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The Shortest Path To Exposing and Consuming Web Services in Java

The document discusses various Java web service frameworks including Apache Axis, JBossWS, and Codehaus XFire. It provides instructions on how to expose and consume web services using each framework. The key steps outlined are generating WSDLs from service implementations, configuring deployment descriptors, and programmatically accessing services to test them. Client-side access is also demonstrated through automatically generating stub classes from WSDLs.

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Uday Kumar
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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231 views

The Shortest Path To Exposing and Consuming Web Services in Java

The document discusses various Java web service frameworks including Apache Axis, JBossWS, and Codehaus XFire. It provides instructions on how to expose and consume web services using each framework. The key steps outlined are generating WSDLs from service implementations, configuring deployment descriptors, and programmatically accessing services to test them. Client-side access is also demonstrated through automatically generating stub classes from WSDLs.

Uploaded by

Uday Kumar
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Web Services in Java

The shortest path to exposing and consuming web


services in Java
Motivation
● Get web services up and running:

– As quickly as possible

– With as little overhead as possible

● Consume web services:

– Easy API for the client


What kind of Web Service?
● “REST” Service:

– No SOAP – just standard


– Generally dependent on HTTP for transport

● WSDL/SOAP based:

– More like RPC than document exchange


– Can still do “document” style web services
– Based on w3c standards
– Transport mechanism independent
Web Services: State of the Art
● Java Web Services Developer Pack
(reference implementation)

● Apache Axis

● Application Servers – most have web


services functionality:
– WS-I required by the J2EE 1.4 spec
– WS-I = Web Services Interoperability
organization – more info at http://www.ws-i.org/

● Codehaus XFire – the new kid on the block


Intro to Apache Axis
● Brief History:

– IBM SOAP4J circa 2000


– Donated and renamed Apache SOAP
– Rebuilt as Apache Axis in 2002

● Latest version: Axis 1.3 (Oct. 5, 2005)

● De facto standard in the Java world

● Servlet-based
Exposing Web Services
with Apache Axis
● Set up basic Axis webapp

● Generate WSDL from service class

● Generate deployment descriptor (WSDD)


from the WSDL

● Update WSDD to point to the correct service


implementation

● Call the AdminService to register the service


Setting up the Axis Webapp
● What you need:
– libs
– properties files
– jsp's (optional, but recommended)

<war destfile="axisSample.war" webxml="etc/WEB-INF/web.xml">


<fileset dir="src/jsp"/>
<classes dir="etc/properties"/>
<lib dir="lib"/>
</war>

● Test using happyaxis.jsp, also Version WS


Generating WSDL in Axis
● Use the java2wsdl ANT task:
<taskdef resource="axis-tasks.properties"
classpathref="axis.classpath"/>

<target name="java2wsdl">
<axis-java2wsdl
classname="com.chariotsolutions.wsinjava.axis.SampleService"
namespace="axis.wsinjava.chariotsolutions.com"
location="http://localhost:8080/axisSample/services/SampleService"
output="axisSample.wsdl">
<classpath path="bin"/>
</axis-java2wsdl>
</target>
Generating the WSDD
Deployment Descriptor
● Use the wsdl2java ANT task:
<axis-wsdl2java
output="gen/java"
verbose="true"
url="gen/wsdl/axisSample.wsdl"
serverside="true"/>

● This task also builds the client-side classes


Fixing the WSDD
Deployment Descriptor
● The WSDD as generated will include a
reference to the BindingStubImpl:
<service ...>
<parameter name="className"
value="com.chariotsolutions.wsinjava.axis.
SampleServiceBindingStubImpl"/>
</service>

● Fix this within ANT:


<replaceregexp
file="gen/java/com/chariotsolutions/wsinjava/axis/deploy.wsdd"
match="SoapBindingImpl"
replace=""/>
Calling the Axis AdminService
● Use the axis-admin ANT task to call the Axis
AdminService to register our new service:
<axis-admin
failonerror="true"
servletpath="/axisSample/services/AdminService"
debug="true"
xmlfile="gen/java/com/chariotsolutions/wsinjava/axis/deploy.wsdd"
/>

● On success, our service is configured with


Axis and should be ready to use
Testing the service
● Axis will automatically regenerate the WSDL
for the service by appending the “wsdl”
parameter to the web request:
http://localhost:8080/axisSample/services/SampleService?wsdl

● You can test service methods by appending


a “method” parameter to the web request:
http://localhost:8080/axisSample/services/SampleService?
method=getTheMeaningOfLife
Testing the service:
method response
● Here's the SOAP response:
<soapenv:Envelope>
<soapenv:Body>
<getTheMeaningOfLifeResponse
soapenv:encodingStyle=
"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/">
<getTheMeaningOfLifeReturn href="#id0"/>
</getTheMeaningOfLifeResponse>
<multiRef id="id0" soapenc:root="0" soapenv:encodingStyle=
"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"
xsi:type="xsd:int">42</multiRef>
</soapenv:Body>
</soapenv:Envelope>
Document Style Web Services
in Axis
● RPC style services are the default in Axis

● Axis uses SOAP for all service types

● Other service types:


– Document services do not use any encoding

– Wrapped service "unwrap" the SOAP body into individual


parameters.

– Message services receive and return arbitrary XML in the


SOAP Envelope without any type mapping / data binding.
Other Service Types
<soap:Envelope xmlns="http://xml.apache.org/axis/wsdd/"
xmlns:java="http://xml.apache.org/axis/wsdd/providers/java">
<soap:Body>
<myNS:PurchaseOrder xmlns:myNS="http://commerce.com/PO">
<item>SK001</item>
<quantity>1</quantity>
<description>Sushi Knife</description>
</myNS:PurchaseOrder>
</soap:Body>
</soap:Envelope>

● Document Style:
public void method(PurchaseOrder po);

● Wrapped Style:
public void purchaseOrder(String item, int quantity, String desc)
Axis Message Type
● DOM Elements or SOAPBodyElements:
– public Element [] method(Element [] bodies);
– public SOAPBodyElement [] method
(SOAPBodyElement [] bodies);

● DOM Document representing the soap body:


– public Document method(Document body);

● SOAPEnvelopeObject
– public void method(SOAPEnvelope req,
SOAPEnvelope resp);
Intro to JBossWS
● JBossWS is JBoss's implementation of web
services

● Brief History:
– JBoss.NET: earier implementation JBoss 3.x
– Replaced by JBossWS in JBoss 4.x

● Currently based on a modified axis-1.1 under


the hood

● Plans to replace with JBoss's own SOAP


stack
More about JBossWS
● As with Axis, servlet-based

● Can expose POJOs and Stateless Session


Beans
(= “Java” endpoints or EJB endpoints)
Exposing Web Services
with JBossWS
● Generate WSDL and jaxrpc-mapping.xml
from service implementation

● Create web.xml by hand

● Create an additional deployment descriptor:


webservices.xml
Generate WSDL and Mappings
● JBoss docs recommend wscompile ANT task
from JWSDP:
<wscompile base="gen" f="rpcliteral" mapping="gen/etc/jaxrpc
mapping.xml" server="true"
config="etc/wscompile/config.xml" fork="true" debug="true">
<classpath>
<path refid="jwsdp.classpath"/>
<path location="bin"/>
</classpath>
</wscompile>
Create web.xml by hand
<web-app>

<servlet>
<servlet-name>JBossSample</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>
com.chariotsolutions...JBossWSSampleJSEEndpoint
</servlet-class>
</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>JBossSample</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

</web-app>
Create webservices.xml
<webservice-description>
<webservice-description-name>
JbossSampleService
</webservice-description-name>
<wsdl-file>
WEB-INF/wsdl/JBossWSSampleService.wsdl
</wsdl-file>
<jaxrpc-mapping-file>
WEB-INF/jaxrpc-mapping.xml
</jaxrpc-mapping-file>
<port-component>
<wsdl-port>JBossWSSamplePort</wsdl-port>
<service-endpoint-interface>
com.chariotsolutions.wsinjava.jbossws.JBossWSSample
</service-endpoint-interface>
<service-impl-bean>
<servlet-link>JBossSample</servlet-link>
</service-impl-bean>
</port-component>
</webservice-description>
</webservices>
Intro to Codehaus XFire
● Relative newcomer, announced Aug 2004

● Like Axis, also Servlet-based

● Choice of XML Binding:


– XMLBeans: see xmlbean.apache.org
– Aegis: simple XML binding

● Choice of transport protocol: HTTP or XMPP


(Jabber protocol)
Exposing Web Services with
XFire
● Set up basic XFire webapp

● Configure your services in services.xml


Set up basic XFire Webapp
● All you need:
– libs
– web.xml
– services.xml

<war destfile="xFireSample.war" webxml="etc/WEB-INF/web.xml">


<fileset dir="etc" excludes="WEB-INF/**"/>
<lib dir="lib"/>
</war>
Configure your services in
services.xml
● Couldn't be simpler:
<xfire>
<services>
<service>
<serviceClass>
com.chariotsolutions.wsinjava.xFire.SampleService
</serviceClass>
</service>
</services>
</xfire>
Consuming Web Services
● Can create client-side versions of our service
object using:

– Axis: the wsdl2java ANT task

– JWSDP: the wscompile ANT task

● XFire: client generation experimental right


now: “This will probably not work for you.”
Wsdl2java Task
<axis-wsdl2java
output="gen/java"
verbose="true"
url="http://localhost:8080/axisSample/services/AxisSample?wsdl"
serverside="false"/>

<axis-wsdl2java
output="gen/java"
verbose="true"
url="http://localhost:8080/xFireSample/services/XFireSample?wsdl"
serverside="false"/>
Axis Client for Axis Server
● Just works:

– Complex types, arrays

– Date becomes java.util.GregorianCalendar

– Application exceptions are passed through


Axis Client for XFire Server
● Works: complex types, arrays

● XFire WSDL does not create new types for


user exceptions, but the message comes
through:
try {
service.getException();
}
catch(RemoteException ex) {
System.out.println("got RemoteException: " + ex.getMessage());
}
References
● Axis:
– http://ws.apache.org/axis/java/user-guide.html
– http://www.lucianofiandesio.com/javatales/axant.html

● XFire:
– http://xfire.codehaus.org/User's+Guide

● JBoss
– http://www.jboss.org/wiki/Wiki.jsp?page=JBossWS
Download Slides and Code
● Slides and Code can be downloaded from:

www.chariotsolutions.com

● Further questions:

[email protected]

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