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Java Concepts Answers

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14 views3 pages

Java Concepts Answers

Uploaded by

omkarpriyadarsan2
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

Difference between compile-time and runtime polymorphism:

- Compile-time polymorphism (Method Overloading): Resolved during compilation. Same method

name with different parameters.

- Runtime polymorphism (Method Overriding): Resolved during runtime. A subclass provides a

specific implementation of a method already defined in its superclass.

2. What is abstraction? How is it achieved in Java?

- Abstraction is the concept of hiding internal implementation and showing only essential features.

- In Java, it is achieved using:

- Abstract classes

- Interfaces

3. What is a thread? Life cycle of a thread:

- A thread is a lightweight subprocess, the smallest unit of processing.

- Life Cycle of a Thread:

1. New - Thread is created.

2. Runnable - Ready to run.

3. Running - Actively executing.

4. Blocked/Waiting - Waiting for a resource or signal.

5. Terminated - Execution completed.

4. What is Encapsulation? Access specifiers:

- Encapsulation is the process of wrapping data and code together as a single unit.

- Access Specifiers in Java:

- Private - Accessible within the class.

- Default - Accessible within the package.

- Protected - Accessible within the package and subclasses.


- Public - Accessible from everywhere.

5. Difference between String and StringBuffer:

- String is immutable; once created, it cannot be changed.

- StringBuffer is mutable; changes can be made without creating a new object.

- StringBuffer is thread-safe, while String is not.

6. Java Program to count vowels and consonants in a String:

public class VowelConsonantCounter {

public static void main(String[] args) {

String str = "Hello World";

int vowels = 0, consonants = 0;

str = str.toLowerCase();

for (char c : str.toCharArray()) {

if (Character.isLetter(c)) {

if ("aeiou".indexOf(c) != -1)

vowels++;

else

consonants++;

System.out.println("Vowels: " + vowels);

System.out.println("Consonants: " + consonants);

}
7. What is a wrapper class? Name all wrapper classes:

- Wrapper classes convert primitive data types into objects.

- Wrapper classes in Java:

- byte - Byte

- short - Short

- int - Integer

- long - Long

- float - Float

- double - Double

- char - Character

- boolean - Boolean

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