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Java_Interview_Questions

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Java_Interview_Questions

Uploaded by

Vaibhavi Kukkar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Java Interview Questions and Answers

1. What is the difference between JDK, JRE, and JVM?

Answer: JDK (Java Development Kit) includes tools to develop Java programs, JRE (Java Runtime

Environment) includes JVM + libraries to run Java programs, and JVM (Java Virtual Machine) executes Java

bytecode.

2. What are the four principles of OOP?

Answer: Encapsulation, Abstraction, Inheritance, and Polymorphism.

3. What is a constructor in Java?

Answer: A constructor is a special method called when an object is instantiated. It initializes the object.

4. What is the use of 'this' keyword in Java?

Answer: 'this' refers to the current object of a class.

5. What is the difference between static and non-static methods?

Answer: Static methods belong to the class and don't require an object; non-static methods require an object

to be called.

6. What is method overloading?

Answer: Defining multiple methods with the same name but different parameters within the same class.

7. What is method overriding?

Answer: Redefining a method of the parent class in the child class.

8. What are access modifiers in Java?


Java Interview Questions and Answers

Answer: They define visibility: public, private, protected, and default (no modifier).

9. Difference between String, StringBuilder, and StringBuffer?

Answer: String is immutable, StringBuilder is mutable and not thread-safe, StringBuffer is mutable and

thread-safe.

10. What is a final variable, method, or class?

Answer: final variable = constant, final method = can't be overridden, final class = can't be inherited.

11. What is 'super' keyword?

Answer: Used to refer to the parent class's methods or constructors.

12. What is try-catch-finally?

Answer: Used for exception handling. 'finally' always executes.

13. What is a checked vs unchecked exception?

Answer: Checked: checked at compile time; Unchecked: runtime exceptions.

14. What are Collections in Java?

Answer: A framework to store and manipulate groups of data objects.

15. Difference between List, Set, and Map?

Answer: List: ordered and allows duplicates, Set: unordered and no duplicates, Map: key-value pairs.

16. What is the difference between ArrayList and LinkedList?


Java Interview Questions and Answers

Answer: ArrayList: fast access, slow insert/delete; LinkedList: slow access, fast insert/delete.

17. What is a HashMap?

Answer: A map-based collection that stores key-value pairs. Keys are unique.

18. Difference between == and .equals()?

Answer: == compares references; .equals() compares values.

19. What is an interface in Java?

Answer: An interface defines a contract that classes can implement.

20. What is an abstract class?

Answer: A class that cannot be instantiated and can have both abstract and concrete methods.

21. What is inheritance?

Answer: A mechanism where one class inherits properties of another class.

22. What is polymorphism?

Answer: One function behaves differently based on input - method overloading and overriding.

23. What is encapsulation?

Answer: Wrapping variables and methods together in a class and restricting direct access.

24. What is abstraction?

Answer: Hiding internal details and showing only essential features.


Java Interview Questions and Answers

25. What is the difference between throw and throws?

Answer: 'throw' is used to throw an exception, 'throws' declares exceptions a method can throw.

26. What is the default value of an object reference?

Answer: null.

27. What is the purpose of garbage collection in Java?

Answer: To automatically deallocate memory used by unreferenced objects.

28. What is a package in Java?

Answer: A namespace for classes and interfaces.

29. Difference between public, private, protected, and default access?

Answer: public: everywhere, private: within class, protected: package + subclass, default: package only.

30. Can a class extend multiple classes?

Answer: No. Java does not support multiple inheritance using classes.

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