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Quiz1 Morning Solution

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Quiz1 Morning Solution

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hshkr1231
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2025 Spring MAS.

20001 Student ID: Name:

Quiz 1 (Morning) — 20 minutes

1. (a) Verify that the one-parameter family y = 1/(−x2 + c) is a solution of the differential
4+6 pts equation y ′ = 2xy 2 .
√ 
(b) Find a solution of the initial-value problem consisting of y ′ = 2xy 2 and y 3 = −1.
Give the largest interval I over which the solution is defined.

Solution. (a) We check that each side of the equation is the same for every x:
2x
left-hand side: y ′ = 2
(−x2 + c)
 2 (+4 points)
1 2x
right-hand side: 2xy 2 = 2x · = 2.
−x2 + c (−x2 + c)

Therefore, the given one-parameter family is a solution of the differential equation y ′ = 2xy 2 .
√
(b) Substituting x = 3 and y = −1 in the one-parameter family yields −1 = 1/(−3 + c) or c = 2.
2
Therefore, y = 1/(−x + 2) is a solution of the given initial-value problem. (+3 points)
√
Considered as a function, the domain of y = 1/(−x2 + 2) is the set of all real numbers except x = ± 2.
Considered as a solution of the differential equation, the largest intervals on which y = 1/(−x2 + 2) is a
√ √ √ √
solution are (−∞, − 2), (− 2, 2), and ( 2, ∞). (+2 points)
√
Considered as a solution of the initial-value problem, I must contain the initial point x = 3. The largest
√
interval for which this is true is I = ( 2, ∞). (+1 point)

2. Solve the following differential equation.


10 pts
3x2 cos y + 3x2 y 2 dx + −x3 sin y + 2x3 y + 2y dy = 0.
 

Solution. With M (x, y) = 3x2 cos y + 3x2 y 2 and N (x, y) = −x3 sin y + 2x3 y + 2y we have

∂M ∂N
= −3x2 sin y + 6x2 y = .
∂y ∂x

Thus the equation is exact. (+3 points)


There exists a function f (x, y) such that fx = M and fy = N . (+1 point)
From fx = M we obtain
Z
3x2 cos y + 3x2 y 2 dx = x3 cos y + x3 y 2 + g(y).

f (x, y) = (+2 points)

From fy = N we obtain

∂f
= −x3 sin y + 2x3 y + g ′ (y) = −x3 sin y + 2x3 y + 2y.
∂y

It follows that g ′ (y) = 2y and g(y) = y 2 . (+2 points)


3 3 2 2
Hence, f (x, y) = x cos y + x y + y . (+1 point)
So the solution of the given differential equation is x3 cos y + x3 y 2 + y 2 = c. (+1 point)

(뒷면 사용 가능. You may use the back.)

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