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Module 1 Introduction to Data Visualization

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8 views

Module 1 Introduction to Data Visualization

Uploaded by

likithgn17
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Introduction to Data Visualization

Definition:
Data visualization is the process of representing data in a visual format such as graphs, charts, or diagrams to make
it easier to understand.

 Data Representation: Computers and smartphones store data like names and numbers in digital formats.
To extract useful insights from this data, we need proper visualization techniques.
 Why Visualization Matters: Without clear representation, data may lose its value. Visualizing data helps
communicate key insights effectively.
 Turning Data into Information: Data itself is raw and unorganized. By presenting it visually, we transform
it into meaningful information that is easier to interpret and analyze.

The Importance of Data Visualization:

Data visualization helps us understand data better than just looking at numbers in rows and
columns (like in an Excel sheet).

Example:

Imagine a scatter plot showing the relationship between body mass and maximum lifespan of
animals. The plot reveals a positive correlation, meaning animals with higher body mass tend to
live longer.

Advantages of Data Visualization:

 Easier Understanding: Complex data becomes easier to interpret.


 Spotting Trends and Outliers: Visuals make patterns, unusual data points, and audience
trends clearer.
 Storytelling: Dashboards and animations help present data in an engaging way.
 Interactive Exploration: Users can explore data by interacting with visual elements for
deeper insights.

Mr. Gopinath C B., Assistant Professor, Dept. of AI&DS, NCE, Hassan 1


Sample Graph (Scatter Plot Example):

Imagine a scatter plot with:

 X-axis: Body Mass (kg)


 Y-axis: Maximum Longevity (years)

Here, is a simple scatter plot representing body mass versus maximum longevity for four animals:

 Elephant (Red) → Largest body mass with the highest longevity.


 Horse (Green) → Moderate body mass and longevity.
 Dog (Blue) → Smaller body mass with lower longevity.
 Rabbit (Purple) → Smallest body mass with the shortest lifespan.

Figure: A simple example of data visualization.

Mr. Gopinath C B., Assistant Professor, Dept. of AI&DS, NCE, Hassan 2


Data Wrangling:

Data wrangling is the process of transforming raw data into a structured format suitable for
analysis. It ensures data is clean, organized, and meaningful for tasks such as visualization and
decision-making.

Example Scenario:

Data Wrangling Process to Measure Employee Engagement.

Step 1: Raw Data Collection

Data is gathered from various sources like:

 Feedback surveys
 Employee tenure records
 Exit interviews
 One-on-one meetings

This data is often unorganized and may contain inconsistencies, missing values, or errors.

Step 2: Data Cleaning and Import

The collected data is imported into tools like Pandas (Python) or Excel as a DataFrame.

Cleaning operations include:

 Handling missing values


 Removing duplicates
 Correcting data types
 Filtering unnecessary data

Step 3: Data Transformation

The cleaned data is transformed into meaningful visualizations such as:

 Bar graphs — To compare employee engagement factors


 Pie charts — To show percentage distributions
 Line charts — To track engagement trends over time

Mr. Gopinath C B., Assistant Professor, Dept. of AI&DS, NCE, Hassan 3


Step 4: Analysis and Results

Insights are derived from the visualized data.

For instance, employee engagement may be evaluated based on:

 Referrals
 Faith in Leadership
 Scope for Promotions

These insights help identify key areas for improvement.

Figure: Data wrangling process to measure employee engagement.

Mr. Gopinath C B., Assistant Professor, Dept. of AI&DS, NCE, Hassan 4


Tools and Libraries for Visualization:

Creating data visualizations can be done using both coding and non-coding tools. The choice of
tool depends on the complexity of the data and user preferences.

Non-Coding Tools:

 Tableau: A powerful tool that allows users to visualize data without coding. Ideal for
business users who want to explore data quickly.

Coding Tools:

 Python: The most widely used language for data visualization due to its simplicity,
flexibility, and extensive library support.
 MATLAB: Often used in engineering and scientific fields for complex data analysis.
 R: A preferred choice in statistical analysis and data science research.

Why Python Stands Out:

 Python is the industry favorite because:


 It is easy to learn and efficient for data manipulation.
 Libraries like Matplotlib, Seaborn, and Plotly offer powerful visualization capabilities.
 Python ensures faster development and is widely adopted across industries.

Mr. Gopinath C B., Assistant Professor, Dept. of AI&DS, NCE, Hassan 5

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