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Java_OOP_Notes_Detailed

notes of java according to gju s&t ,hisar syllabus

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4 views

Java_OOP_Notes_Detailed

notes of java according to gju s&t ,hisar syllabus

Uploaded by

sanjumalik2006
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Object-Oriented Programming Paradigms

- Encapsulation: Combines data and methods in one unit; protects internal state using access

modifiers.

- Abstraction: Shows only essential details; hides complex implementation using abstract classes

and interfaces.

- Inheritance: One class inherits properties and behaviors from another; promotes code reuse.

- Polymorphism: Allows methods to behave differently based on object; achieved by overloading and

overriding.

Java Programming Fundamentals

- Java History: Developed by James Gosling, released in 1995 by Sun Microsystems.

- Java Features: Platform-independent, secure, robust, object-oriented, portable, and multithreaded.

- Java Architecture: Source code compiled to bytecode, run by JVM on any platform.

- Java Security: Uses classloader, bytecode verifier, and security manager to prevent malicious

code execution.

Garbage Collection & Memory Management

- Garbage Collection: Automatic process to free unused memory by destroying unreferenced

objects.

- Memory Areas: Heap (object storage), Stack (method calls & local variables).

- Benefits: Prevents memory leaks, improves performance, simplifies memory handling.

Java Syntax, Constants, Variables, Data Types

- Constants: Declared with 'final', value cannot change after initialization.

- Variables: Named storage for data; must be declared with a type.

- Data Types: Primitive (int, float, char, etc.), Non-primitive (Strings, Arrays, Objects).

- Syntax: Java is case-sensitive, ends statements with semicolons, uses class-based structure.
Operators, Expressions, Type Conversion & Casting

- Operators: Arithmetic, Relational, Logical, Assignment, Bitwise, Unary.

- Expressions: Combination of variables and operators that result in a value.

- Type Conversion: Implicit (widening), automatic conversion to a larger data type.

- Type Casting: Explicit (narrowing), manually convert to a smaller data type using cast.

Control Statements

- Decision-making: if, if-else, nested if, switch.

- Looping: for, while, do-while loops for repeated execution.

- Jump Statements: break, continue, return control within loops and methods.

Methods, Constructors, Access Specifiers, Modifiers

- Methods: Group of statements to perform a task; improves modularity and reusability.

- Constructors: Special methods to initialize objects; called automatically when object is created.

- Access Specifiers: Control visibility - public, private, protected, default.

- Modifiers: Add functionality - static (class level), final (constant), abstract (no body).

Overloading, Recursion

- Method Overloading: Same method name with different parameters within the same class.

- Constructor Overloading: Multiple constructors with different parameter lists.

- Recursion: A method that calls itself; useful in problems like factorial, Fibonacci, etc.

String Handling

- String Class: Immutable; operations create new strings.

- StringBuilder: Mutable; used for efficient string manipulation.

- Common Methods: length(), charAt(), substring(), equals(), toUpperCase(), compareTo().

- String Concatenation: Performed using '+' operator or StringBuilder methods.

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