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Quiz 1 Review Part 2

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7 views12 pages

Quiz 1 Review Part 2

Uploaded by

vavofo9403
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Quiz 1 review, part 2

Tuples, Lists, Dictionaries, Assertions,


Recursion
Assertions
● Excellent tool for debugging
● Allow you to check that your variables are
what you think they should be
● Fail fast

assert <boolean condition>


Tuples
ex. months = ('Sept','Oct','Nov','Dec')
● Are like lists, but immutable
● Why are they useful?
○ As keys in dictionaries (lists can’t because
they are are mutable)
○ Swapping two variables (x, y = y, x)
○ Returning multiple values from a function
List indexing
>>> myList = [3,5,2,7] >>> myComplicatedList = [0, [3,4,5],
>>> myList[0] [1,2]]
3 >>> myComplicatedList[1]
>>> myList[1] = 6 [3, 4, 5]
[3, 6, 2, 7] >>> myComplicatedList[1][0] = 9
>>> myList[1:15:2] >>> myComplicatedList[2] = [8,7]
[6, 7] [0, [9, 4, 5], [8, 7]]
>>> myList[:2] >>> del myComplicatedList[1]
[3, 6] [0, [8, 7]]
List functions
>>> letters = ['a','b','d'] >>> letters.reverse()
>>> len(letters) ['e', 'd', 'c', 'b']
3 >>> letters.pop()
>>> letters.append('e') 'b'
['a', 'b', 'd', 'e'] >>> letters
>>> letters.insert(2, 'c') ['e', 'd', 'c']
['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e'] >>> letters.extend(['b', 'a'])
>>> letters.remove('a') ['e', 'd', 'c', 'b', 'a']
['b', 'c', 'd', 'e']
Dictionaries
● Key, value pairs
● Keys can be integers, strings, tuples, etc.
(anything immutable)
● Keys can’t be lists, dictionaries, etc.
(anything mutable)
● Keys are unique, values don’t have to be
Using dictionaries
>>> zoo = {'elephant' : 3, 'giraffe' : 4} >>> zoo
>>> len(zoo) {'cheetah': 5, 'giraffe': 4,
2 'elephant': 3}
>>> zoo['elephant'] >>> zoo.keys()
3 ['cheetah', 'giraffe', 'elephant']
>>> zoo['frog'] >>> zoo.values()
KeyError: 'frog' [5, 4, 3]
>>> if 'cheetah' not in zoo: >>> del zoo['elephant']
zoo['cheetah'] = 5 >>> zoo
{'cheetah': 5, 'giraffe': 4}
Mutability
Mutable Immutable
Lists Strings
Dictionaries Tupples
Dictionary keys
Aliasing
● Two variables are bound to the same object
● Copying (read more about it in the extra
notes section of Stellar)
○ Shallow copy
○ copy()
○ deepcopy()
Recursion
A child couldn't sleep, so her mother told a story about a little frog,
who couldn't sleep, so the frog's mother told a story about a little bear,
who couldn't sleep, so bear's mother told a story about a little weasel
...who fell asleep.
...and the little bear fell asleep;
...and the little frog fell asleep;
...and the child fell asleep.
Recursion
● When a function solves a problem by calling
itself on a smaller version of the problem
● Requires 2 things
○ Base case
○ Recursive (inductive) step

Will be covered more in recitation tomorrow


Code examples

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